Question 1

Glomerulonephritis may result from destruction of the glomerular capillary basement membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Conn's syndrome results in hypokalemia and

Accepted Answer

A) metabolic alkalosis. 
B) metabolic acidosis. 
C) loss of H+. 
D) Both metabolic alkalosis and loss of H+ are correct. 
A) metabolic alkalosis. 
B) metabolic acidosis. 
C) loss of H+. 
D) Both metabolic alkalosis and loss of H+ are correct.

Question 3

Renal insufficiency

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates metabolic alkalosis. 
B) often results from dialysis. 
C) may occur as a result of arteriosclerosis. 
D) stimulates hypokalemia. 
A) stimulates metabolic alkalosis. 
B) often results from dialysis. 
C) may occur as a result of arteriosclerosis. 
D) stimulates hypokalemia.

Question 4

Salt leaving the ascending limb of the loop of Henle causes the loss of water from the descending limb of the loop of Henle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The _______________ nephrons play an important role in producing concentrated urine.

Accepted Answer

A) juxtamedullary 
B) cortical 
C) pelvic 
D) calical 
A) juxtamedullary 
B) cortical 
C) pelvic 
D) calical

Question 6

Dialysis fluid has Na+,K+,and glucose present so that those substances will not be removed from the patient's blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Dilation of the afferent arteriole would increase glomerular pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The minimum urine volume needed to excrete metabolic wastes produced by the body is called as

Accepted Answer

A) renal plasma threshold. 
B) renal autoregulation. 
C) obligatory water loss. 
D) renal transport minimum. 
A) renal plasma threshold. 
B) renal autoregulation. 
C) obligatory water loss. 
D) renal transport minimum.

Question 9

The guarding reflex allows the urinary bladder to fill by

Accepted Answer

A) inhibiting parasympathetic stimulation of the detrusor muscle. 
B) stimulating sympathetic nerves to the external urethral sphincter to contract. 
C) responding to stretch receptors in the bladder wall. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) inhibiting parasympathetic stimulation of the detrusor muscle. 
B) stimulating sympathetic nerves to the external urethral sphincter to contract. 
C) responding to stretch receptors in the bladder wall. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus respond to decreased blood volume and increased sympathetic nerve activity by secreting

Accepted Answer

A) renin. 
B) inulin. 
C) angiotensinogen. 
D) natriuretic hormone. 
A) renin. 
B) inulin. 
C) angiotensinogen. 
D) natriuretic hormone.

Question 11

The renal pelvis receives urine from the

Accepted Answer

A) minor calyces. 
B) ureters. 
C) renal pyramids. 
D) major calyces. 
A) minor calyces. 
B) ureters. 
C) renal pyramids. 
D) major calyces.

Question 12

Damage to which of the following neurons would impair micturition?

Accepted Answer

A) parasympathetic neurons 
B) sympathetic neurons 
C) pudendal somatic motor neurons 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) parasympathetic neurons 
B) sympathetic neurons 
C) pudendal somatic motor neurons 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

Antidiuretic hormone exerts its effect via a cAMP second messenger system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The __________ acts as a countercurrent exchanger.

Accepted Answer

A) juxtaglomerular apparatus 
B) peritubular capillaries 
C) vasa recta 
D) macula densa 
A) juxtaglomerular apparatus 
B) peritubular capillaries 
C) vasa recta 
D) macula densa

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?

Accepted Answer

A) distal convoluted tubule,loop of Henle,proximal convoluted tubule,Bowman's capsule 
B) proximal convoluted tubule,Bowman's capsule,distal convoluted tubule,loop of Henle 
C) Bowman's capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,loop of Henle,distal convoluted tubule 
D) loop of Henle,Bowman's capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,distal convoluted tubule 
A) distal convoluted tubule,loop of Henle,proximal convoluted tubule,Bowman's capsule 
B) proximal convoluted tubule,Bowman's capsule,distal convoluted tubule,loop of Henle 
C) Bowman's capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,loop of Henle,distal convoluted tubule 
D) loop of Henle,Bowman's capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,distal convoluted tubule

Question 16

The conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II occurs primarily in the

Accepted Answer

A) liver. 
B) adrenal cortex. 
C) kidneys. 
D) lungs. 
A) liver. 
B) adrenal cortex. 
C) kidneys. 
D) lungs.

Question 17

Where are OATs located?

Accepted Answer

A) basolateral membrane of proximal tubule cells 
B) apical membrane of distal tubule cells 
C) basolateral membrane of distal tubule cells 
D) apical membrane of collecting duct cells 
A) basolateral membrane of proximal tubule cells 
B) apical membrane of distal tubule cells 
C) basolateral membrane of distal tubule cells 
D) apical membrane of collecting duct cells

Question 18

Neurohypophyseal secretion of __________ stimulates formation of concentrated urine.

Accepted Answer

A) aldosterone 
B) renin 
C) antidiuretic hormone 
D) angiotensin I 
A) aldosterone 
B) renin 
C) antidiuretic hormone 
D) angiotensin I

Question 19

The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite fluctuating blood pressures is called as

Accepted Answer

A) renal plasma threshold. 
B) renal transport maximum. 
C) renal plasma clearance. 
D) renal autoregulation. 
A) renal plasma threshold. 
B) renal transport maximum. 
C) renal plasma clearance. 
D) renal autoregulation.

Question 20

Macula densa cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus are part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Glomerulonephritis may result from destruction of the glomerular capillary basement membrane.

Conn's syndrome results in hypokalemia and

Renal insufficiency

Salt leaving the ascending limb of the loop of Henle causes the loss of water from the descending limb of the loop of Henle.

The _______________ nephrons play an important role in producing concentrated urine.

Dialysis fluid has Na⁺,K⁺,and glucose present so that those substances will not be removed from the patient's blood.

Dilation of the afferent arteriole would increase glomerular pressure.

The minimum urine volume needed to excrete metabolic wastes produced by the body is called as

The guarding reflex allows the urinary bladder to fill by

Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus respond to decreased blood volume and increased sympathetic nerve activity by secreting

The renal pelvis receives urine from the

Damage to which of the following neurons would impair micturition?

Antidiuretic hormone exerts its effect via a cAMP second messenger system.

The __________ acts as a countercurrent exchanger.

Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?

The conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II occurs primarily in the

Where are OATs located?

Neurohypophyseal secretion of __________ stimulates formation of concentrated urine.

The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite fluctuating blood pressures is called as

Macula densa cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus are part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.

The Study of Body Function

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cell Structure and Genetic Control

Enzymes and Energy

Cell Respiration and Metabolism

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment

The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

The Central Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones

Muscle: Mechanisms of Contraction and Neural Control

Blood,Heart and Circulation

Cardiac Output,Blood Flow,and Blood Pressure

The Immune System

Respiratory Physiology

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Regulation and Metabolism

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Exam 17: Physiology of the Kidneys

Glomerulonephritis may result from destruction of the glomerular capillary basement membrane.

Conn's syndrome results in hypokalemia and

Renal insufficiency

Salt leaving the ascending limb of the loop of Henle causes the loss of water from the descending limb of the loop of Henle.

The _______________ nephrons play an important role in producing concentrated urine.

Dialysis fluid has Na+,K+,and glucose present so that those substances will not be removed from the patient's blood.

Dilation of the afferent arteriole would increase glomerular pressure.

The minimum urine volume needed to excrete metabolic wastes produced by the body is called as

The guarding reflex allows the urinary bladder to fill by

Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus respond to decreased blood volume and increased sympathetic nerve activity by secreting

The renal pelvis receives urine from the

Damage to which of the following neurons would impair micturition?

Antidiuretic hormone exerts its effect via a cAMP second messenger system.

The __________ acts as a countercurrent exchanger.

Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?

The conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II occurs primarily in the

Where are OATs located?

Neurohypophyseal secretion of __________ stimulates formation of concentrated urine.

The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite fluctuating blood pressures is called as

Macula densa cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus are part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.

The Study of Body Function

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cell Structure and Genetic Control

Enzymes and Energy

Cell Respiration and Metabolism

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment

The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

The Central Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones

Muscle: Mechanisms of Contraction and Neural Control

Blood,Heart and Circulation

Cardiac Output,Blood Flow,and Blood Pressure

The Immune System

Respiratory Physiology

The Digestive System

Regulation and Metabolism

Reproduction

Filters

Dialysis fluid has Na⁺,K⁺,and glucose present so that those substances will not be removed from the patient's blood.