Exam 17: Physiology of the Kidneys

In response to low blood plasma Na⁺,reduced ADH will decrease water volume in the blood to match lower Na⁺ concentration while increased aldosterone will increase Na⁺ reabsorption to match the higher water volume of blood.

Renal clearance is decreased by reabsorption and increased by secretion.

The sensor in tubuloglomerular feedback is a group of cells called the

The guarding reflex prevents voiding.

The presence of renin secreting tumors may cause

__________ is believed to be an autoimmune disease affecting the kidney.

The ability of the kidneys to remove molecules from the blood plasma by excreting them in the urine is known as

The movement of molecules and ions from the peritubular capillaries into interstitial fluid and then into the nephron tubule is called

Hypotension would induce __________ of afferent arterioles.

ATP and adenosine from macula densa cells stimulate vasodilation of the afferent arteriole.

People with diabetes mellitus have glycosuria because

Increased sympathetic neuron activity will cause

The return of molecules from the tubules to the blood is called as

If the rate of urine formation is 2 ml/min,the urine inulin concentration is 25 mg/ml,and the plasma inulin concentration 0.5 mg/ml,then the GFR is

Renal clearance of PAH __________ glomerular filtration rate.

Changes in blood volume are detected by

The __________ limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

What is present in the vasa recta to remove water for the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla?

The effectiveness of some antibiotics,such as penicillin,is enhanced by preventing their excretion by use of

Thiazide diuretics