Question 1

Which term is most nearly synonymous with the term correlation?

Accepted Answer

A) Association 
B) Explanation 
C) Observation 
D) Manipulation 
A) Association 
B) Explanation 
C) Observation 
D) Manipulation

Question 2

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a theory and a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) A theory is more focused than a hypothesis. 
B) A theory is broader than a hypothesis. 
C) A theory is the same as a hypothesis. 
D) A theory is unrelated to a hypothesis. 
A) A theory is more focused than a hypothesis. 
B) A theory is broader than a hypothesis. 
C) A theory is the same as a hypothesis. 
D) A theory is unrelated to a hypothesis.

Question 3

In an experiment involving a placebo,

Accepted Answer

A) all the participants receive a treatment. 
B) the participants in the control group aware of the purpose of the research. 
C) the experimenter who interacts with the participant is unaware of the nature of the drug that is being administered. 
D) the participants belong to diverse ethnicities. 
A) all the participants receive a treatment. 
B) the participants in the control group aware of the purpose of the research. 
C) the experimenter who interacts with the participant is unaware of the nature of the drug that is being administered. 
D) the participants belong to diverse ethnicities.

Question 4

Which of the following sequences best reflects the order of events in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) Informed consent $\rarr$experiment $\rarr$debriefing 
B) Informed consent $\rarr$ debriefing $\rarr$ experiment 
C) Debriefing $\rarr$ informed consent $\rarr$ experiment 
D) Experiment $\rarr$ informed consent $\rarr$ debriefing 
A) Informed consent $\rarr$experiment $\rarr$debriefing 
B) Informed consent $\rarr$ debriefing $\rarr$ experiment 
C) Debriefing $\rarr$ informed consent $\rarr$ experiment 
D) Experiment $\rarr$ informed consent $\rarr$ debriefing

Question 5

Why are control groups included in experiments?

Accepted Answer

A) To determine whether two variables are correlated 
B) To ascertain cause-and-effect relationships 
C) To ensure that participant characteristics are essentially the same in each group 
D) To translate the hypothesis into something testable 
A) To determine whether two variables are correlated 
B) To ascertain cause-and-effect relationships 
C) To ensure that participant characteristics are essentially the same in each group 
D) To translate the hypothesis into something testable

Question 6

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A) -.75 
B) +.60 
C) .00 
D) +.30 
A) -.75 
B) +.60 
C) .00 
D) +.30

Question 7

When cues are transmitted to participants about how they are expected to behave in particular experimental conditions,the research results may reflect _____ expectations.When people develop their own ideas about the topic of the research,the investigation's outcomes may be biased by _____.

Accepted Answer

A) experimenter; participant expectations 
B) experimenter; experimenter expectations 
C) participant; participant expectations 
D) participant; experimenter expectations 
A) experimenter; participant expectations 
B) experimenter; experimenter expectations 
C) participant; participant expectations 
D) participant; experimenter expectations

Question 8

A positive correlation indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A) as the value of one variable increases,the value of the other increases. 
B) as the value of one variable increases,the value of the other decreases. 
C) little or no relationship exists between two variables. 
D) one variable causes the other. 
A) as the value of one variable increases,the value of the other increases. 
B) as the value of one variable increases,the value of the other decreases. 
C) little or no relationship exists between two variables. 
D) one variable causes the other.

Question 9

Sometimes,to prevent participants from being influenced by what they think a study's true purpose is,investigators must engage in _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sometimes,to prevent participants from being influenced by...

Question 10

At the conclusion of an experimental session,Nia tells her participants the purpose of the study and explains the procedures she used.Nia is _____ her participants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At the conclusion of an experimental session,Nia...

Question 11

A double-blind procedure is administered to overcome _____.

Accepted Answer

A) participant expectations 
B) memory bias 
C) reporting bias 
D) experimenter expectations 
A) participant expectations 
B) memory bias 
C) reporting bias 
D) experimenter expectations

Question 12

Doctors Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory.Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group; their recall of items on a word list is later assessed.In this experiment,word recall is the _____ variable.

Accepted Answer

A) subject 
B) control 
C) independent 
D) dependent 
A) subject 
B) control 
C) independent 
D) dependent

Question 13

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a sample and a population?

Accepted Answer

A) A sample includes a population. 
B) A population includes a sample. 
C) A population is similar to a sample. 
D) A sample is completely separate from a population. 
A) A sample includes a population. 
B) A population includes a sample. 
C) A population is similar to a sample. 
D) A sample is completely separate from a population.

Question 14

A pharmaceutical company wishes to test the efficacy of a new antidepressant using a double-blind procedure.Which alternative correctly describes the procedure the company would use?

Accepted Answer

A) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient would also know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
B) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient,though,would not know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
C) The research assistants would not know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient,though,would know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
D) The research assistants would not know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Also,each patient would not know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
A) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient would also know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
B) The research assistants would know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient,though,would not know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
C) The research assistants would not know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Each patient,though,would know which type of pill he or she was taking. 
D) The research assistants would not know which participants were receiving the new drug and which were receiving an inert pill.Also,each patient would not know which type of pill he or she was taking.

Question 15

Amy is conducting a survey of dating attitudes and behaviors among young adults as part of her master's thesis work.Amy distributes questionnaires to 200 randomly selected students enrolled in an introductory psychology course at her university.The 200 students constitute Amy's _____.The people whom she assumes her results will generalize are termed the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) control group; population 
B) experimental group; population 
C) population; sample 
D) sample; population 
A) control group; population 
B) experimental group; population 
C) population; sample 
D) sample; population

Question 16

To guard against participant expectations biasing the results of an experiment,the experimenter may:

Accepted Answer

A) disclose to participants how earlier participants tested. 
B) explain to the participant what the desired outcome should be. 
C) try to disguise the true purpose of the experiment. 
D) allow the participant to interact with people who have already been part of the experiment. 
A) disclose to participants how earlier participants tested. 
B) explain to the participant what the desired outcome should be. 
C) try to disguise the true purpose of the experiment. 
D) allow the participant to interact with people who have already been part of the experiment.

Question 17

A hypothesis is best defined as a:

Accepted Answer

A) prediction stated in a way that allows it to be tested. 
B) specification of a variable in terms of the procedures that will be used to measure it. 
C) broad,general explanation of the phenomenon of interest. 
D) behavior,event,or other characteristic that can assume different values. 
A) prediction stated in a way that allows it to be tested. 
B) specification of a variable in terms of the procedures that will be used to measure it. 
C) broad,general explanation of the phenomenon of interest. 
D) behavior,event,or other characteristic that can assume different values.

Question 18

Before the outset of a study,participants must give _____,indicating that they know the potential risks of the study and are aware that their participation is voluntary.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Before the outset of a study,participants must...

Question 19

In an experiment,the _____ variable is deliberately manipulated by the researcher.

Accepted Answer

A) control 
B) dependent 
C) independent 
D) experimental 
A) control 
B) dependent 
C) independent 
D) experimental

Question 20

Wilma is undertaking survey research.Which of the following is she probably doing?

Accepted Answer

A) Recording the behaviors of sea lions in their natural habitat 
B) Observing the problem-solving strategies of an extremely gifted middle school girl 
C) Comparing students' performance on abstract and concrete versions of problems 
D) Asking a sample of students a series of questions about their sexual attitudes and behaviors 
A) Recording the behaviors of sea lions in their natural habitat 
B) Observing the problem-solving strategies of an extremely gifted middle school girl 
C) Comparing students' performance on abstract and concrete versions of problems 
D) Asking a sample of students a series of questions about their sexual attitudes and behaviors

Which term is most nearly synonymous with the term correlation?

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a theory and a hypothesis?

In an experiment involving a placebo,

Which of the following sequences best reflects the order of events in an experiment?

Why are control groups included in experiments?

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

When cues are transmitted to participants about how they are expected to behave in particular experimental conditions,the research results may reflect _ expectations.When people develop their own ideas about the topic of the research,the investigation's outcomes may be biased by _.

A positive correlation indicates that:

Sometimes,to prevent participants from being influenced by what they think a study's true purpose is,investigators must engage in _____.

At the conclusion of an experimental session,Nia tells her participants the purpose of the study and explains the procedures she used.Nia is _____ her participants.

A double-blind procedure is administered to overcome _____.

Doctors Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory.Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group; their recall of items on a word list is later assessed.In this experiment,word recall is the _____ variable.

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a sample and a population?

A pharmaceutical company wishes to test the efficacy of a new antidepressant using a double-blind procedure.Which alternative correctly describes the procedure the company would use?

To guard against participant expectations biasing the results of an experiment,the experimenter may:

A hypothesis is best defined as a:

Before the outset of a study,participants must give _____,indicating that they know the potential risks of the study and are aware that their participation is voluntary.

In an experiment,the _____ variable is deliberately manipulated by the researcher.

Wilma is undertaking survey research.Which of the following is she probably doing?

Introduction to Psychology

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

Filters

Exam 2: Psychology Research

Which term is most nearly synonymous with the term correlation?

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a theory and a hypothesis?

In an experiment involving a placebo,

Which of the following sequences best reflects the order of events in an experiment?

Why are control groups included in experiments?

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

When cues are transmitted to participants about how they are expected to behave in particular experimental conditions,the research results may reflect _____ expectations.When people develop their own ideas about the topic of the research,the investigation's outcomes may be biased by _____.

A positive correlation indicates that:

Sometimes,to prevent participants from being influenced by what they think a study's true purpose is,investigators must engage in _____.

At the conclusion of an experimental session,Nia tells her participants the purpose of the study and explains the procedures she used.Nia is _____ her participants.

A double-blind procedure is administered to overcome _____.

Doctors Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory.Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group; their recall of items on a word list is later assessed.In this experiment,word recall is the _____ variable.

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between a sample and a population?

A pharmaceutical company wishes to test the efficacy of a new antidepressant using a double-blind procedure.Which alternative correctly describes the procedure the company would use?

To guard against participant expectations biasing the results of an experiment,the experimenter may:

A hypothesis is best defined as a:

Before the outset of a study,participants must give _____,indicating that they know the potential risks of the study and are aware that their participation is voluntary.

In an experiment,the _____ variable is deliberately manipulated by the researcher.

Wilma is undertaking survey research.Which of the following is she probably doing?

Introduction to Psychology

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

Filters

When cues are transmitted to participants about how they are expected to behave in particular experimental conditions,the research results may reflect _ expectations.When people develop their own ideas about the topic of the research,the investigation's outcomes may be biased by _.