Question 1

Which of the following is the main form of intermolecular attractions among water molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonding 
B) induced dipole-induced dipole 
C) covalent bonding 
D) ion-dipole 
E) polar-induced polar 
A) hydrogen bonding 
B) induced dipole-induced dipole 
C) covalent bonding 
D) ion-dipole 
E) polar-induced polar

Question 2

If an ionic bond is stronger than a dipole-dipole interaction,how can water dissolve an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

A) The ion-dipole interactions of a bunch of water molecules gang up on the strong ionic bond and pull it into the solution. 
B) The ionic bond is weakened by the ion-dipole interactions and ionic repulsion ejects the ions from the crystal. 
C) The ion-dipole interaction causes the ions to heat up and vibrate free of the crystal. 
D) The ions never overcome their interatomic attraction and therefore are not soluble. 
E) none of the above 
A) The ion-dipole interactions of a bunch of water molecules gang up on the strong ionic bond and pull it into the solution. 
B) The ionic bond is weakened by the ion-dipole interactions and ionic repulsion ejects the ions from the crystal. 
C) The ion-dipole interaction causes the ions to heat up and vibrate free of the crystal. 
D) The ions never overcome their interatomic attraction and therefore are not soluble. 
E) none of the above

Question 3

Which of the following molecules contains an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A) MgCl2 
B) Cl2 
C) SF3 
D) PO4-3 
E) none of the above 
A) MgCl2 
B) Cl2 
C) SF3 
D) PO4-3 
E) none of the above

Question 4

Dipole-induced dipole forces of attraction exist between water and gasoline,and yet these two substances do not mix because water has such a strong attraction for itself.Which of the following compounds might best help to make these two substances mix into a single liquid phase?  $\mathrm { Na } ^ { + } \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$

Accepted Answer

A) the molecule on the far left because the O-H bond is polar and the carbon and hydrogen bonds are nonpolar 
B) the molecule in the middle because when the salts mix into the water,it will help separate the water and decrease the attraction for itself 
C) The molecule on the right will form attractions with the polar ends of the water,allowing the gasoline a chance to mix with the water. 
D) All of these molecules would be equally effective at increasing the mixing of gasoline and water. 
A) the molecule on the far left because the O-H bond is polar and the carbon and hydrogen bonds are nonpolar 
B) the molecule in the middle because when the salts mix into the water,it will help separate the water and decrease the attraction for itself 
C) The molecule on the right will form attractions with the polar ends of the water,allowing the gasoline a chance to mix with the water. 
D) All of these molecules would be equally effective at increasing the mixing of gasoline and water.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct electron dot structure for carbon (atomic no.= 6)?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e

Question 6

Which of the following is most likely to have the weakest induced dipole-induced dipole interaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Cl2 
B) Br2 
C) F2 
D) I2 
E) All of the above have the same interactions. 
A) Cl2 
B) Br2 
C) F2 
D) I2 
E) All of the above have the same interactions.

Question 7

Metals are often used for making designer jewelry because they

Accepted Answer

A) do not conduct heat well. 
B) conduct electricity. 
C) are shiny. 
D) are strong but can be bent. 
E) c and d 
A) do not conduct heat well. 
B) conduct electricity. 
C) are shiny. 
D) are strong but can be bent. 
E) c and d

Question 8

Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a -2 charge?

Accepted Answer

A) Na 
B) S 
C) Ne 
D) Mg 
E) Cl 
A) Na 
B) S 
C) Ne 
D) Mg 
E) Cl

Question 9

Which of the following describes how a metal atoms behaves in a bulk metallic object?

Accepted Answer

A) The metal ion shares its outermost electrons freely with its neighbors. 
B) The metal atoms have limited interaction with neighboring atoms. 
C) The metal atom shares its electrons in a very directional manner. 
D) The metal atom shares its electrons with only one other atom. 
E) none of the above 
A) The metal ion shares its outermost electrons freely with its neighbors. 
B) The metal atoms have limited interaction with neighboring atoms. 
C) The metal atom shares its electrons in a very directional manner. 
D) The metal atom shares its electrons with only one other atom. 
E) none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following intermolecular forces best describes why molecules like CF3CF3 are soluble in liquid CO2?

Accepted Answer

A) dipole-dipole 
B) induced dipole-induced dipole 
C) dipole-induced dipole 
D) ion-dipole 
E) hydrogen bonding 
A) dipole-dipole 
B) induced dipole-induced dipole 
C) dipole-induced dipole 
D) ion-dipole 
E) hydrogen bonding

Question 11

Which of the following molecules would you expect to be the least attracted to a Na+ ion?

Accepted Answer

A) H-F 
B) H3C-CH3 
C) Cl2CH2 
D) F- 
E) HO- 
A) H-F 
B) H3C-CH3 
C) Cl2CH2 
D) F- 
E) HO-

Question 12

Two chemical structures are shown,one of a typical gasoline molecule and the other of a typical motor oil molecule.Which is which?   Base your reasoning not on memorization but rather upon what you know about molecular interactions and the various physical properties of gasoline and motor oil.

Accepted Answer

A) Structure A represents the gas molecule because there are more bonds to gain energy from,giving it a higher energy content than oil. 
B) Structure A represents motor oil,illustrating a molecule with greater induced dipole-induced dipole molecular interactions thus,the molecules are strongly attracted to one another. 
C) Structure B represents the oil molecule.Because oil molecules are smaller,they can compact closer together,giving the appearance of a thicker solution than gasoline. 
D) Structure B represents crude oil which is processed to generate longer molecules of gasoline to prevent toxic vapors from harming consumers. 
A) Structure A represents the gas molecule because there are more bonds to gain energy from,giving it a higher energy content than oil. 
B) Structure A represents motor oil,illustrating a molecule with greater induced dipole-induced dipole molecular interactions thus,the molecules are strongly attracted to one another. 
C) Structure B represents the oil molecule.Because oil molecules are smaller,they can compact closer together,giving the appearance of a thicker solution than gasoline. 
D) Structure B represents crude oil which is processed to generate longer molecules of gasoline to prevent toxic vapors from harming consumers.

Question 13

Which of the following does not describe ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

A) They have a tendency to melt easily. 
B) They consist of positive and negative ions. 
C) They are held together by electrostatic attraction. 
D) They are usually very ordered. 
E) none of the above 
A) They have a tendency to melt easily. 
B) They consist of positive and negative ions. 
C) They are held together by electrostatic attraction. 
D) They are usually very ordered. 
E) none of the above

Question 14

What is happening at the molecular level when a polar molecule like water interacts with a typical sodium ion?

Accepted Answer

A) The water molecule aligns such that the oxygen interacts with the sodium. 
B) The water molecule aligns such that the hydrogens interact with the sodium. 
C) The polarity of the water molecule is altered making the oxygen more positively charged. 
D) The polarity of the water molecule is altered making the hydrogens more negatively charged. 
E) none of the above 
A) The water molecule aligns such that the oxygen interacts with the sodium. 
B) The water molecule aligns such that the hydrogens interact with the sodium. 
C) The polarity of the water molecule is altered making the oxygen more positively charged. 
D) The polarity of the water molecule is altered making the hydrogens more negatively charged. 
E) none of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

A) a chemical bond 
B) an ion-dipole attraction 
C) a dipole-dipole attraction 
D) a dipole-induced dipole attraction 
E) an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction 
A) a chemical bond 
B) an ion-dipole attraction 
C) a dipole-dipole attraction 
D) a dipole-induced dipole attraction 
E) an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction

Question 16

Take money away from your bank account and the bank will show a negative credit.Take an electron away from an atom,however,and the atom shows up positive.Explain.

Accepted Answer

A) Electrons are already negative.Therefore,we know from basic math that subtracting a negative (number)from a neutral (atom),will make the result positive. 
B) Neutral atoms contain identically charged but oppositely signed protons and electrons.Removing one of the negative electrons results in an excess of positively charged protons. 
C) Removing an electron from an atom does not have the atom show up positive.It simply leaves the atom short one electron. 
D) Atoms are constantly exchanging electrons.Having an atom "show up positive" is only an expression indicating that it has taken its turn in the game of electron exchange. 
A) Electrons are already negative.Therefore,we know from basic math that subtracting a negative (number)from a neutral (atom),will make the result positive. 
B) Neutral atoms contain identically charged but oppositely signed protons and electrons.Removing one of the negative electrons results in an excess of positively charged protons. 
C) Removing an electron from an atom does not have the atom show up positive.It simply leaves the atom short one electron. 
D) Atoms are constantly exchanging electrons.Having an atom "show up positive" is only an expression indicating that it has taken its turn in the game of electron exchange.

Question 17

Which of the following compounds has polar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

A) H2O 
B) CsF2 
C) S8 
D) Ne 
E) CH4 
A) H2O 
B) CsF2 
C) S8 
D) Ne 
E) CH4

Question 18

In which of the following molecules will water induce a temporary dipole?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) O2 
C) N2 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) CO2 
B) O2 
C) N2 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 19

Why doesn't the sodium atom gain seven electrons so that its third shell becomes the filled outermost shell?

Accepted Answer

A) It would be too difficult for another atom to lose seven electrons. 
B) Only six additional electrons are required to fill the outermost shell of sodium. 
C) In gaining seven more electrons,sodium's fourth outer shell becomes filled. 
D) Sodium's nuclear charge is not strong enough to hold that many more electrons. 
A) It would be too difficult for another atom to lose seven electrons. 
B) Only six additional electrons are required to fill the outermost shell of sodium. 
C) In gaining seven more electrons,sodium's fourth outer shell becomes filled. 
D) Sodium's nuclear charge is not strong enough to hold that many more electrons.

Question 20

How many valence electrons does bromine (Br,atomic no.= 35)have?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 7 
C) 21 
D) 28 
E) 35 
A) 1 
B) 7 
C) 21 
D) 28 
E) 35

Exam 15: How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Which of the following is the main form of intermolecular attractions among water molecules?

If an ionic bond is stronger than a dipole-dipole interaction,how can water dissolve an ionic compound?

Which of the following molecules contains an ionic bond?

Which of the following is the correct electron dot structure for carbon (atomic no.= 6)?

Which of the following is most likely to have the weakest induced dipole-induced dipole interaction?

Metals are often used for making designer jewelry because they

Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a -2 charge?

Which of the following describes how a metal atoms behaves in a bulk metallic object?

Which of the following intermolecular forces best describes why molecules like CF3CF3 are soluble in liquid CO2?

Which of the following molecules would you expect to be the least attracted to a Na+ ion?

Two chemical structures are shown,one of a typical gasoline molecule and the other of a typical motor oil molecule.Which is which? Base your reasoning not on memorization but rather upon what you know about molecular interactions and the various physical properties of gasoline and motor oil.

Which of the following does not describe ionic compounds?

What is happening at the molecular level when a polar molecule like water interacts with a typical sodium ion?

Which of the following is the strongest?

Take money away from your bank account and the bank will show a negative credit.Take an electron away from an atom,however,and the atom shows up positive.Explain.

Which of the following compounds has polar covalent bonds?

In which of the following molecules will water induce a temporary dipole?

Why doesn't the sodium atom gain seven electrons so that its third shell becomes the filled outermost shell?

How many valence electrons does bromine (Br,atomic no.= 35)have?

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Time - Reading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: The Nature of Science

Filters

Which of the following intermolecular forces best describes why molecules like CF₃CF₃ are soluble in liquid CO₂?

Which of the following molecules would you expect to be the least attracted to a Na⁺ ion?