Exam 4: Fundamental Research Issues

When a researcher presents a graph indicating the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable,the _____ variable should appear on the vertical axis.

In the context of different methods of study,identify the primary advantage of field experiments over laboratory experiments.

Which of the following in experimental method ensures that an extraneous variable is just as likely to affect one experimental group as it is to affect the other group?

The management at Burgerjoy,a small restaurant,finds that the lower the price of hamburgers,the more hamburgers are sold.This is an example of _____ relationship between price and number of hamburgers sold.

To study the effect of workplace lighting on employee productivity,a researcher first manipulates the amount of lighting in a workspace and then observes its effect on a group's productivity.In this case,the researcher is focusing on which element of inferences of cause and effect?

Which of the following is an important benefit in operationally defining a variable?

_____ validity concerns whether the methods of studying variables are accurate.

Personal attributes such as gender,nationality,and age are also called _____ variables.

A _____ is any event,situation,behavior,or individual characteristic that changes.

A researcher desires to study the relationship between stress and an employee's ability to perform at work.However,he finds that there is no direct relationship between the two.He also notices that presence of a supervisor in the environment is establishing a relationship between stress and employee's ability to perform.In this context,supervisor's presence is acting as a _____ variable.

A limitation of using laboratory experiments to study relationships among variables is that they have:

Which of the following statements is true of the nonexperimental method?

Which of the following statements best describes construct validity?

Ron,a researcher at Texo Labs,desires to conduct his study in a shopping mall to understand the factors influencing the shopping preferences of customers.In the context of methods of study,Ron is conducting a(n)_____ experiment.

A study has high _____ validity when strong inferences can be made that one variable caused changes in the other variable.

In the context of relationship between variables,what type of relationship is present between the variables when increases in the values of one variable are associated with decreases in the values of a second variable?

What is the difference between experimental and nonexperimental methods of study?

When the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable is plotted in a graph,the independent variable is always placed on the _____ axis.

Catherine,a researcher,desires to study child behavior with age,sex,and mental stability as constant variables.She uses level of activity as an independent variable for her study.In this context,Catherine is trying to establish _____.

Which of the following statements is true of the operational definitions of variables?