Exam 11: Research Designs for Special Circumstances

A park ranger records the daily number of individuals who visited a park for six months before and six months after an admission fee was implemented.During the same time period,he compares the number of visits to two comparable parks that have no admission fee.This quasi-experimental design would be an example of a(n)

Teachers at School A were given a substance abuse knowledge test.During the next four months,the teachers attended training sessions in substance abuse.They were then given the knowledge test again.Teachers at School B were given the substance abuse knowledge test,then four months later were given the test again.What kind of design was used?

Sonny examines the number of traumatic head injuries that occurred in California monthly for five years before and after the passage of a law requiring the wearing of a helmet.Sonny's design would be classified as a(n)

In a program designed to help teenagers gain summer employment,a researcher measures whether or not the program has actually increased the number of teenagers finding jobs.The researcher is involved in which phase of evaluation?

At the beginning of the term,researchers measured the attitudes of students taking a class in cross-cultural communication.At the end of the term,the students' attitudes were measured again.This is an example of a(n)_____ design.

Dr.Gorton is studying the effect of exercise on cholesterol level.He first measures his patients' cholesterol level before recommending an exercise program and after one month of participating in an exercise program,he measures their cholesterol level again.What type of research design has Dr.Gorton employed?

If you wanted to use an interrupted time series design to examine if lowering the legal limit of blood alcohol level (BAL)for driving under the influence affected the frequency of arrests,you would

The ABAB design

If exposure to an earlier measure affects behaviour when a participant is measured a second time,the researcher might suspect which type of effect?

A program was designed to address the problem of Venetian refugees in Oak Hills.However,it was discovered that there were no Venetian refugees living in Oak Hills.Had this program been comprehensively evaluated from the start,this fact would have been discovered during a(n)_____ evaluation.

A researcher asks students to record in a journal,every hour,the emotions they have experienced.She finds that over time,the descriptions become shorter and less detailed.What may be responsible for this change in performance?

Over time,human observers may become fatigued or change the standards on which observations are based.When this change in measurement occurs over time a researcher might suspect which type of effect?

Sarah finds that her son James enjoys lemon candy.Sarah reinforces James when he displays courteous behaviour at home.She then starts to reinforce this behaviour at school,relatives' homes,and church.What type of study design did Sarah employ?

Professor Briscoe finds that when he smiles and makes eye contact with Jeanne,she becomes more responsive to his questions.He later tries the same behaviour on David,Chris,and then Sarah and finds that it also influences their responses to his questions.What type of study design did Professor Briscoe employ?

What is the advantage of the pretest in the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design?

A control series design is a(n)_____ design with a comparison group.

In a(n)_____,the researcher must determine whether the resources used to implement a program can be better used elsewhere.

A researcher learns that a program designed to reduce truancy in junior high school students is not successful because the staff has not been adequately trained to deal with truancy.This finding should have occurred in which phase of program evaluation?

A researcher investigates the effect of weather on college students' study habits.On a sunny day,the researcher sat in the quad and recorded the number of minutes of study per student.What is the crucial element missing in this design?

A human resources psychologist is interested in the effect of work schedule on job satisfaction.She compares satisfaction scores of workers who work five 8-hour shifts with workers who work four 10-hour shifts.What type of design has the manager employed?