Question 1

Social learning theory holds that a child identifies with a parent

Accepted Answer

A)  as a consequence of the phallic stage. 
B)  after resolving the Electra or Oedipus complex. 
C)  through observation and imitation, along with reinforcement. 
D)  because of guilt associated with the stereotyping from parents. 
A)  as a consequence of the phallic stage. 
B)  after resolving the Electra or Oedipus complex. 
C)  through observation and imitation, along with reinforcement. 
D)  because of guilt associated with the stereotyping from parents.

Question 2

Don is beginning to understand how his culture classifies males and females.Based upon this knowledge,Don is developing patterns of behavior based upon his organized knowledge of male-appropriate and female-appropriate behavior.According to Bem,the patterns of behavior that Don is beginning to develop are organized around

Accepted Answer

A)  sexism schema. 
B)  gender constancy. 
C)  gender schema. 
D)  gender identity. 
A)  sexism schema. 
B)  gender constancy. 
C)  gender schema. 
D)  gender identity.

Question 3

All of the following are examples of relational aggression,also called indirect or psychological aggression,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  spreading rumors. 
B)  name-calling. 
C)  withholding friendship. 
D)  hair-pulling. 
A)  spreading rumors. 
B)  name-calling. 
C)  withholding friendship. 
D)  hair-pulling.

Question 4

The virtue acquired through successful resolution of Erikson's developmental crisis of initiative versus guilt is

Accepted Answer

A)  hope. 
B)  purpose. 
C)  trust. 
D)  will. 
A)  hope. 
B)  purpose. 
C)  trust. 
D)  will.

Question 5

The 5-7 shift refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the way children describe themselves. 
B)  changes in the average height of children during early childhood. 
C)  changes in intelligence scores during early childhood. 
D)  changes in the number of friends most children make during early childhood. 
A)  changes in the way children describe themselves. 
B)  changes in the average height of children during early childhood. 
C)  changes in intelligence scores during early childhood. 
D)  changes in the number of friends most children make during early childhood.

Question 6

Ruthann has a condition called congenital adrenal hyperplasia,which has caused her to

Accepted Answer

A)  prefer the gender-specific behavior of other girls. 
B)  prefer the type of rough-and-tumble play activities that boys generally prefer. 
C)  show decreased spatial skill orientation. 
D)  seek out female playmates and reject playing with boys. 
A)  prefer the gender-specific behavior of other girls. 
B)  prefer the type of rough-and-tumble play activities that boys generally prefer. 
C)  show decreased spatial skill orientation. 
D)  seek out female playmates and reject playing with boys.

Question 7

Tommy Jon knocks over another child while running to the street to see a circus parade.Tommy Jon is displaying

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumental aggression. 
B)  classical aggression. 
C)  displaced aggression. 
D)  hostile aggression. 
A)  instrumental aggression. 
B)  classical aggression. 
C)  displaced aggression. 
D)  hostile aggression.

Question 8

Understanding their emotions helps children to do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  guide their behavior in social situations. 
B)  control the way they show their feelings. 
C)  talk about their feelings. 
D)  control all social situations. 
A)  guide their behavior in social situations. 
B)  control the way they show their feelings. 
C)  talk about their feelings. 
D)  control all social situations.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of effective punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administered immediately 
B)  Administered forcefully 
C)  Administered in private 
D)  An alternate, desirable behavior is provided 
A)  Administered immediately 
B)  Administered forcefully 
C)  Administered in private 
D)  An alternate, desirable behavior is provided

Question 10

Which of the following preschool children is most likely to show strong gender-typing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leila, whose mother works full time outside the home 
B)  Jim, who lives with his divorced mother 
C)  Jacob, whose father becomes upset when he plays with dolls 
D)  Marla, whose father includes his wife in all major decisions 
A)  Leila, whose mother works full time outside the home 
B)  Jim, who lives with his divorced mother 
C)  Jacob, whose father becomes upset when he plays with dolls 
D)  Marla, whose father includes his wife in all major decisions

Question 11

Gender stereotypes are

Accepted Answer

A)  preconceived generalizations about male and female behavior. 
B)  often a result of gender conservation and identity. 
C)  based on myths about sex differences. 
D)  valuable methods of maintaining social stability. 
A)  preconceived generalizations about male and female behavior. 
B)  often a result of gender conservation and identity. 
C)  based on myths about sex differences. 
D)  valuable methods of maintaining social stability.

Question 12

The main pattern of relationships between brothers and sisters early in life is one of

Accepted Answer

A)  conflict and rivalry. 
B)  affection, interest, and companionship. 
C)  each tending to his or her own self-interests. 
D)  constant squabbling. 
A)  conflict and rivalry. 
B)  affection, interest, and companionship. 
C)  each tending to his or her own self-interests. 
D)  constant squabbling.

Question 13

Sophia has put on her mother's high heels and wrapped a scarf around her neck.She has announced to the family that her performance will begin shortly.Sophia is engaged in

Accepted Answer

A)  functional play. 
B)  constructive play. 
C)  dramatic play. 
D)  formal games with rules. 
A)  functional play. 
B)  constructive play. 
C)  dramatic play. 
D)  formal games with rules.

Question 14

A cognitive capability that is related to the occurrence of prosocial behavior is

Accepted Answer

A)  obedience. 
B)  detachment. 
C)  empathy. 
D)  gender identity. 
A)  obedience. 
B)  detachment. 
C)  empathy. 
D)  gender identity.

Question 15

Which of the following behavior patterns is INCONSISTENT with Kohlberg's views regarding the acquisition of gender roles?

Accepted Answer

A)  A young boy has acquired gender constancy and refuses to play dolls with his sister. 
B)  A young girl has not yet achieved gender constancy and claims to want to be a daddy when she grows up. 
C)  A young boy has not yet achieved gender identity, and when asked if he is a boy or girl, he says he doesn't know. 
D)  A young boy who has not yet achieved gender constancy asks to be given only toys for boys and no girl toys for his birthday. 
A)  A young boy has acquired gender constancy and refuses to play dolls with his sister. 
B)  A young girl has not yet achieved gender constancy and claims to want to be a daddy when she grows up. 
C)  A young boy has not yet achieved gender identity, and when asked if he is a boy or girl, he says he doesn't know. 
D)  A young boy who has not yet achieved gender constancy asks to be given only toys for boys and no girl toys for his birthday.

Question 16

Discuss Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt and the virtue that is obtained from a positive resolution of this stage.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's stage of initiative versu

Question 17

According to Sandra Bem's gender-schema theory,how do children adopt gender-appropriate behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Through identification with their same-sex parent after resolution of sexual conflict 
B)  As a result of imitation and reinforcement 
C)  As a by-product of achieving gender constancy 
D)  By following society's behaviors that are matched to their gender 
A)  Through identification with their same-sex parent after resolution of sexual conflict 
B)  As a result of imitation and reinforcement 
C)  As a by-product of achieving gender constancy 
D)  By following society's behaviors that are matched to their gender

Question 18

According to the text,which of the following statements regarding solitary play is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children in the 1920s exhibited more solitary play than children do today. 
B)  Solitary play seems associated with independence and maturity. 
C)  Children who engage in solitary play are at high risk for social problems. 
D)  Children who engage in solitary play are less mature than children who engage only in social play. 
A)  Children in the 1920s exhibited more solitary play than children do today. 
B)  Solitary play seems associated with independence and maturity. 
C)  Children who engage in solitary play are at high risk for social problems. 
D)  Children who engage in solitary play are less mature than children who engage only in social play.

Question 19

A baby boy had reconstructive surgery to have his severely damaged penis removed,and thereafter,he was raised as a girl.He rejected this female role as a teenager,providing evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)  gender identity requires more counseling. 
B)  gender assignment works when the social support is increased. 
C)  gender identity may be rooted in biological features. 
D)  gender identity occurs in early childhood. 
A)  gender identity requires more counseling. 
B)  gender assignment works when the social support is increased. 
C)  gender identity may be rooted in biological features. 
D)  gender identity occurs in early childhood.

Question 20

List each of Baumrind's parenting styles.Describe each of these parenting styles and the child-development outcomes to which each has been linked.

Accepted Answer

Baumrind's parenting styles are authorit

Social learning theory holds that a child identifies with a parent

All of the following are examples of relational aggression,also called indirect or psychological aggression,EXCEPT

The virtue acquired through successful resolution of Erikson's developmental crisis of initiative versus guilt is

The 5-7 shift refers to

Ruthann has a condition called congenital adrenal hyperplasia,which has caused her to

Tommy Jon knocks over another child while running to the street to see a circus parade.Tommy Jon is displaying

Understanding their emotions helps children to do all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following is NOT a component of effective punishment?

Which of the following preschool children is most likely to show strong gender-typing?

Gender stereotypes are

The main pattern of relationships between brothers and sisters early in life is one of

Sophia has put on her mother's high heels and wrapped a scarf around her neck.She has announced to the family that her performance will begin shortly.Sophia is engaged in

A cognitive capability that is related to the occurrence of prosocial behavior is

Which of the following behavior patterns is INCONSISTENT with Kohlberg's views regarding the acquisition of gender roles?

Discuss Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt and the virtue that is obtained from a positive resolution of this stage.

According to Sandra Bem's gender-schema theory,how do children adopt gender-appropriate behavior?

According to the text,which of the following statements regarding solitary play is TRUE?

A baby boy had reconstructive surgery to have his severely damaged penis removed,and thereafter,he was raised as a girl.He rejected this female role as a teenager,providing evidence that

List each of Baumrind's parenting styles.Describe each of these parenting styles and the child-development outcomes to which each has been linked.

The Study of Human Development

Theory and Research

Forming a New Life

Birth and Physical Development During the First Three Years

Cognitive Development During the First Three Years

Psychosocial Development During the First Three Years

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Psychosocial Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood

Psychosocial Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Psychosocial Development in Late Adulthood

Dealing With Death and Bereavement

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Exam 8: Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood

Social learning theory holds that a child identifies with a parent

All of the following are examples of relational aggression,also called indirect or psychological aggression,EXCEPT

The virtue acquired through successful resolution of Erikson's developmental crisis of initiative versus guilt is

The 5-7 shift refers to

Ruthann has a condition called congenital adrenal hyperplasia,which has caused her to

Tommy Jon knocks over another child while running to the street to see a circus parade.Tommy Jon is displaying

Understanding their emotions helps children to do all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following is NOT a component of effective punishment?

Which of the following preschool children is most likely to show strong gender-typing?

Gender stereotypes are

The main pattern of relationships between brothers and sisters early in life is one of

Sophia has put on her mother's high heels and wrapped a scarf around her neck.She has announced to the family that her performance will begin shortly.Sophia is engaged in

A cognitive capability that is related to the occurrence of prosocial behavior is

Which of the following behavior patterns is INCONSISTENT with Kohlberg's views regarding the acquisition of gender roles?

Discuss Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt and the virtue that is obtained from a positive resolution of this stage.

According to Sandra Bem's gender-schema theory,how do children adopt gender-appropriate behavior?

According to the text,which of the following statements regarding solitary play is TRUE?

A baby boy had reconstructive surgery to have his severely damaged penis removed,and thereafter,he was raised as a girl.He rejected this female role as a teenager,providing evidence that

List each of Baumrind's parenting styles.Describe each of these parenting styles and the child-development outcomes to which each has been linked.

The Study of Human Development

Theory and Research

Forming a New Life

Birth and Physical Development During the First Three Years

Cognitive Development During the First Three Years

Psychosocial Development During the First Three Years

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Psychosocial Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood

Psychosocial Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Psychosocial Development in Late Adulthood

Dealing With Death and Bereavement

Filters