Question 1

The biggest floods known on Earth within the past two million years occurred during the melting of the continental ice sheets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Most flood-related deaths in the United States are caused by __________________.

Accepted Answer

A) flash floods from local thunderstorms 
B) regional floods from abundant rainfall lasting for days 
C) storm surges of tropical cyclones flooding the coasts 
D) ice jam floods from the break-up of winter ice on rivers 
E) collapse of man-made dams 
A) flash floods from local thunderstorms 
B) regional floods from abundant rainfall lasting for days 
C) storm surges of tropical cyclones flooding the coasts 
D) ice jam floods from the break-up of winter ice on rivers 
E) collapse of man-made dams A

Question 3

A hydrograph is a plot of _________________.

Accepted Answer

A) the volume of water or stream-surface height versus time 
B) water quality versus time 
C) sediment load versus time 
D) stream elevation versus distance downstream 
A) the volume of water or stream-surface height versus time 
B) water quality versus time 
C) sediment load versus time 
D) stream elevation versus distance downstream A

Question 4

Flood frequency can be accurately predicted with only a few years of stream discharge measurements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

United States Geological Survey stream-gauging stations measure all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) water depths 
B) channel width 
C) water velocity 
D) amount of sediment being carried by the stream 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) water depths 
B) channel width 
C) water velocity 
D) amount of sediment being carried by the stream 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 6

Excesses in stream discharge or stream-sediment load are managed by the stream changing dependent variables,such as gradient and channel pattern.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

It is possible to estimate the flow volume of a 100-year flood on a stream that has only 25 years of flow records.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When a flood crest passes downstream,stream level falls more rapidly than it rose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The most famous of the ice-dam failure floods is preserved in the "channeled scablands" topography in __________________.

Accepted Answer

A) Manitoba 
B) Saskatchewan 
C) Alberta 
D) Montana 
E) Washington State 
A) Manitoba 
B) Saskatchewan 
C) Alberta 
D) Montana 
E) Washington State

Question 10

If a stream experiences more energetic water flow,the stream ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A) responds by increasing the sinuosity of its channel pattern through meandering 
B) responds by decreasing the sinuosity of its channel pattern 
C) will not change its sinuosity,but will erode sediment 
D) will not change its sinuosity,but will deposit sediment 
E) will not change its floe path 
A) responds by increasing the sinuosity of its channel pattern through meandering 
B) responds by decreasing the sinuosity of its channel pattern 
C) will not change its sinuosity,but will erode sediment 
D) will not change its sinuosity,but will deposit sediment 
E) will not change its floe path

Question 11

Efforts to control rivers include _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) dams 
B) levees 
C) channelization 
D) All of these choices are correct. 
A) dams 
B) levees 
C) channelization 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 12

Which of the following conditions led to the 1993 flood in the midcontinental United States?

Accepted Answer

A) the jet stream moving north and south more rapidly than normal 
B) the jet stream locked in place over north-central plains for an unusually long time 
C) an unusual amount of rainfall caused by the after-effects of Hurricane Andrew 
D) one unusually large rainstorm over Iowa,Kansas,Nebraska,and Minnesota 
A) the jet stream moving north and south more rapidly than normal 
B) the jet stream locked in place over north-central plains for an unusually long time 
C) an unusual amount of rainfall caused by the after-effects of Hurricane Andrew 
D) one unusually large rainstorm over Iowa,Kansas,Nebraska,and Minnesota

Question 13

When designing roads,bridges,and buildings,it is possible to save large amounts of money on initial construction costs by considering only smaller floods,but in the long run,it is commonly cheaper to build with large floods in mind.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If a flood has a recurrence interval of ten years,it means ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A) that a similar-sized flood will occur once every ten years 
B) that a similar-sized flood has a greater probability of occurring every tenth year than during any one of the intervening years 
C) that in any given year a similar flood has a 1/10 chance of occurring 
D) that the flood must be bigger than any other flood during any given 10-year interval 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) that a similar-sized flood will occur once every ten years 
B) that a similar-sized flood has a greater probability of occurring every tenth year than during any one of the intervening years 
C) that in any given year a similar flood has a 1/10 chance of occurring 
D) that the flood must be bigger than any other flood during any given 10-year interval 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 15

A longitudinal cross section of a stream will show a lower gradient near the stream source and a higher gradient near the stream mouth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Flood duration is not related to size of the drainage basin in which the flood is occurring.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Statistically,the 100-year flood has a ______ percent chance of occurring any year.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 10 
C) 50 
D) 63 
E) 0 
A) 1 
B) 10 
C) 50 
D) 63 
E) 0

Question 18

Large floods due to ice dam collapses are thought to have the potential to affect global climate,due to the massive influx to the ocean of cold water,which can disrupt deep-ocean circulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Ignoring scale,the fact that most streams worldwide have the same longitudinal cross section is a testimony to the effectiveness of their negative-feedback mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Killer floods are caused by __________________.

Accepted Answer

A) local thunderstorms 
B) abundant rainfall lasting for days 
C) the storm surges of tropical cyclones flooding the coasts 
D) the break-up of winter ice on rivers 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) local thunderstorms 
B) abundant rainfall lasting for days 
C) the storm surges of tropical cyclones flooding the coasts 
D) the break-up of winter ice on rivers 
E) All of these choices are correct.

The biggest floods known on Earth within the past two million years occurred during the melting of the continental ice sheets.

Most flood-related deaths in the United States are caused by __________________.

A hydrograph is a plot of _________________.

Flood frequency can be accurately predicted with only a few years of stream discharge measurements.

United States Geological Survey stream-gauging stations measure all but which of the following?

Excesses in stream discharge or stream-sediment load are managed by the stream changing dependent variables,such as gradient and channel pattern.

It is possible to estimate the flow volume of a 100-year flood on a stream that has only 25 years of flow records.

When a flood crest passes downstream,stream level falls more rapidly than it rose.

The most famous of the ice-dam failure floods is preserved in the "channeled scablands" topography in __________________.

If a stream experiences more energetic water flow,the stream ___________________.

Efforts to control rivers include _____________.

Which of the following conditions led to the 1993 flood in the midcontinental United States?

When designing roads,bridges,and buildings,it is possible to save large amounts of money on initial construction costs by considering only smaller floods,but in the long run,it is commonly cheaper to build with large floods in mind.

If a flood has a recurrence interval of ten years,it means ____________________.

A longitudinal cross section of a stream will show a lower gradient near the stream source and a higher gradient near the stream mouth.

Flood duration is not related to size of the drainage basin in which the flood is occurring.

Statistically,the 100-year flood has a ______ percent chance of occurring any year.

Large floods due to ice dam collapses are thought to have the potential to affect global climate,due to the massive influx to the ocean of cold water,which can disrupt deep-ocean circulation.

Ignoring scale,the fact that most streams worldwide have the same longitudinal cross section is a testimony to the effectiveness of their negative-feedback mechanisms.

Killer floods are caused by __________________.

Natural Disasters and the Human Population

Internal Energy and Plate Tectonics

Earthquake Geology and Seismology

Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes

Earthquakes Throughout the United States and Canada

Volcanic Eruptions: Plate Tectonics and Magmas

Volcano Processes and Deadly Events

Tsunami Versus Wind-Caused Waves

External Energy Fuels Weather and Climate

Tornadoes, Lightning, Heat, and Cold

Hurricanes

Climate Change

Fire

Mass Movements

Coastal Processes and Hazards

Impacts With Space Objects

Filters

Exam 13: Floods

The biggest floods known on Earth within the past two million years occurred during the melting of the continental ice sheets.

Most flood-related deaths in the United States are caused by __________________.

A hydrograph is a plot of _________________.

Flood frequency can be accurately predicted with only a few years of stream discharge measurements.

United States Geological Survey stream-gauging stations measure all but which of the following?

Excesses in stream discharge or stream-sediment load are managed by the stream changing dependent variables,such as gradient and channel pattern.

It is possible to estimate the flow volume of a 100-year flood on a stream that has only 25 years of flow records.

When a flood crest passes downstream,stream level falls more rapidly than it rose.

The most famous of the ice-dam failure floods is preserved in the "channeled scablands" topography in __________________.

If a stream experiences more energetic water flow,the stream ___________________.

Efforts to control rivers include _____________.

Which of the following conditions led to the 1993 flood in the midcontinental United States?

When designing roads,bridges,and buildings,it is possible to save large amounts of money on initial construction costs by considering only smaller floods,but in the long run,it is commonly cheaper to build with large floods in mind.

If a flood has a recurrence interval of ten years,it means ____________________.

A longitudinal cross section of a stream will show a lower gradient near the stream source and a higher gradient near the stream mouth.

Flood duration is not related to size of the drainage basin in which the flood is occurring.

Statistically,the 100-year flood has a ______ percent chance of occurring any year.

Large floods due to ice dam collapses are thought to have the potential to affect global climate,due to the massive influx to the ocean of cold water,which can disrupt deep-ocean circulation.

Ignoring scale,the fact that most streams worldwide have the same longitudinal cross section is a testimony to the effectiveness of their negative-feedback mechanisms.

Killer floods are caused by __________________.

Natural Disasters and the Human Population

Internal Energy and Plate Tectonics

Earthquake Geology and Seismology

Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes

Earthquakes Throughout the United States and Canada

Volcanic Eruptions: Plate Tectonics and Magmas

Volcano Processes and Deadly Events

Tsunami Versus Wind-Caused Waves

External Energy Fuels Weather and Climate

Tornadoes, Lightning, Heat, and Cold

Hurricanes

Climate Change

Fire

Mass Movements

Coastal Processes and Hazards

Impacts With Space Objects

Filters