Exam 17: Genes and The Immune System

Activated B cells divide to form plasma cells and memory B cells,both of which are short-lived and secrete copious amounts of antibody molecules into the bloodstream.

Explain how a mutant CC-CKR5 allele offers protection from HIV infection.

Disease-causing infectious agents are known as ____________________.

The quick response of the immune system to a second infection is due to the _____,a feature of the immune system as demonstrated by the success of vaccines.

The most effective level of defense against pathogens is the ____ immune system,because it ____.

Pathogens are engulfed by ____________________ during the first stage of an inflammatory response and by ____________________ during the last stage of the response.

Complement proteins can form a system of proteins that create a pore in the membranes of bacteria.This system is called the ____________________.

Allergic reactions are triggered by the production of ____ antibodies instead of ____ antibodies at the first exposure to the allergen.

The physical barrier of the skin and the mucus produced by the epithelial cells lining body cavities ____.

A protein that interacts with an antibody is called a(n)____________________.

The use of organs harvested from animals for human transplants is called ____________________.

Summarize the steps involved with the inflammatory response.

Receptors on the surface of ____________________ T cells recognize the antigens displayed on the surface of an infected cell.

Discuss how a genetic variant may explain why HIV infection rates are highest in sub-Saharan Africa.

The chemical defense system that complements the immune system and supplements the inflammatory response is known as the ____________________ system.

Redness,swelling,heat,and pain of an infection are a result of the adaptive immune response.

How is the human genome able to encode billions of unique antibody molecules from only three gene sets?

Antigens displayed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and viral-infected cells are bound to specific classes of ____________________ molecules.

The complement system functions to ____ and ____.

Outline the three levels of defense of humans against the invasion of pathogens.