Question 1

Rocks are defined as naturally-formed aggregates of minerals or mineral-like substances.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

____ is the most common element in the Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen 
B) Iron 
C) Magnesium 
D) Hydrogen 
E) Fluorine 
A) Oxygen 
B) Iron 
C) Magnesium 
D) Hydrogen 
E) Fluorine

Question 3

The mineral ___ reacts with weak hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas,i.e.,it effervesces (fizzes)in dilute acid.

Accepted Answer

A) calcite 
B) feldspar 
C) quartz 
D) biotite 
E) amphibole 
A) calcite 
B) feldspar 
C) quartz 
D) biotite 
E) amphibole

Question 4

The _____ group of minerals are sheet silicates.

Accepted Answer

A) amphibole 
B) feldspar 
C) olivine 
D) pyroxene 
E) mica 
A) amphibole 
B) feldspar 
C) olivine 
D) pyroxene 
E) mica

Question 5

____ has the property of generating electricity when squeezed in a certain crystallographic direction.

Accepted Answer

A) Copper 
B) Mica 
C) Amphibole 
D) Gold 
E) Quartz 
A) Copper 
B) Mica 
C) Amphibole 
D) Gold 
E) Quartz

Question 6

What is the special property of the mineral halite?

Accepted Answer

A) It has 5 directions of cleavage. 
B) It has a hardness of -3. 
C) It can transmit electricity. 
D) It tastes like salt. 
E) It has an extremely high melting temperature. 
A) It has 5 directions of cleavage. 
B) It has a hardness of -3. 
C) It can transmit electricity. 
D) It tastes like salt. 
E) It has an extremely high melting temperature.

Question 7

The atomic mass number of common oxygen is 16 because it has ___ protons and ___ neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A) 7; 9 
B) 8; 8 
C) 9; 7 
D) 5; 11 
E) 10; 6 
A) 7; 9 
B) 8; 8 
C) 9; 7 
D) 5; 11 
E) 10; 6

Question 8

The common mineral ___ is an example of an isolated silica tetrahedron structure.

Accepted Answer

A) amphibole 
B) feldspar 
C) olivine 
D) pyroxene 
E) mica (biotite,muscovite,etc.) 
A) amphibole 
B) feldspar 
C) olivine 
D) pyroxene 
E) mica (biotite,muscovite,etc.)

Question 9

The two most abundant elements in Earth's crust are __.

Accepted Answer

A) iron and magnesium 
B) carbon and hydrogen 
C) carbon and oxygen 
D) hydrogen and oxygen 
E) oxygen and silicon 
A) iron and magnesium 
B) carbon and hydrogen 
C) carbon and oxygen 
D) hydrogen and oxygen 
E) oxygen and silicon

Question 10

Calcite (calcium carbonate)is the most common non-silicate mineral in the Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

____ elements make up 98% of the Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

A) Fourteen 
B) Ninety-two 
C) Two 
D) Twenty 
E) Eight 
A) Fourteen 
B) Ninety-two 
C) Two 
D) Twenty 
E) Eight

Question 12

_______ and sapphire are both varieties of the common mineral corundum.

Accepted Answer

A) Emerald 
B) Turquoise 
C) Ruby 
D) Beryl 
E) Peridot 
A) Emerald 
B) Turquoise 
C) Ruby 
D) Beryl 
E) Peridot

Question 13

Specific gravity is the ratio of a mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of air.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

______ is an expansive (swells when wet)clay mineral.

Accepted Answer

A) Quartz 
B) Olivine 
C) Pyroxene 
D) Montmorillonite 
E) Mica 
A) Quartz 
B) Olivine 
C) Pyroxene 
D) Montmorillonite 
E) Mica

Question 15

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in each atom.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The atomic number of an element equals the number of _____ in each atom.

Accepted Answer

A) electrons 
B) neutrons 
C) protons 
D) Answers neutrons and protons are both correct; answer a is not correct. 
E) Answers electrons,neutrons and protons are all correct. 
A) electrons 
B) neutrons 
C) protons 
D) Answers neutrons and protons are both correct; answer a is not correct. 
E) Answers electrons,neutrons and protons are all correct.

Question 17

A mineral is defined as a crystalline solid that is naturally occurring,has a specific chemical composition and forms through geologic processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

On Mohs' scale of hardness your fingernail has a value of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 5 
C) 2½ 
D) 6½ 
E) 9 
A) 12 
B) 5 
C) 2½ 
D) 6½ 
E) 9

Question 19

_______ of an element are atoms containing different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons.

Accepted Answer

A) Ions 
B) Classes 
C) Particles 
D) Isotopes 
E) Varieties 
A) Ions 
B) Classes 
C) Particles 
D) Isotopes 
E) Varieties

Question 20

Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a mineral to the mass of an equal volume of __.

Accepted Answer

A) liquid water 
B) solid water 
C) quartz 
D) diamond 
E) air 
A) liquid water 
B) solid water 
C) quartz 
D) diamond 
E) air

Exam 9: Atoms,Elements and Minerals

Rocks are defined as naturally-formed aggregates of minerals or mineral-like substances.

____ is the most common element in the Earth's crust.

The mineral ___ reacts with weak hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas,i.e.,it effervesces (fizzes)in dilute acid.

The _____ group of minerals are sheet silicates.

____ has the property of generating electricity when squeezed in a certain crystallographic direction.

What is the special property of the mineral halite?

The atomic mass number of common oxygen is 16 because it has ___ protons and ___ neutrons.

The common mineral ___ is an example of an isolated silica tetrahedron structure.

The two most abundant elements in Earth's crust are __.

Calcite (calcium carbonate)is the most common non-silicate mineral in the Earth's crust.

____ elements make up 98% of the Earth's crust.

_______ and sapphire are both varieties of the common mineral corundum.

Specific gravity is the ratio of a mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of air.

______ is an expansive (swells when wet)clay mineral.

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in each atom.

The atomic number of an element equals the number of _____ in each atom.

A mineral is defined as a crystalline solid that is naturally occurring,has a specific chemical composition and forms through geologic processes.

On Mohs' scale of hardness your fingernail has a value of ____.

_______ of an element are atoms containing different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons.

Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a mineral to the mass of an equal volume of __.

Introducing Geology,the Essentials of Plate Tectonics,and Other Important Concepts

Earths Interior and Geophysical Properties

The Sea Floor

Plate Tectonics

Mountain Belts and the Continental Crust

Geologic Structures

Earthquakes

Time and Geology

Volcanism and Extrusive Rocks

Igneous Rocks, Intrusive Activity, and the Origin of Igneous Rocks

Weathering and Soil

Mass Wasting

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism, Metamorphic Rocks, and Hydrothermal Rocks

Streams and Floods

Ground Water

Deserts and Wind Action

Glaciers and Glaciation

Waves,Beaches and Coasts

Geologic Resources

The Earths Companions

Filters

The atomic mass number of common oxygen is 16 because it has _ protons and _ neutrons.