Question 1

Boulders include all rounded particles coarser than 2 mm in diameter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Oil and natural gas originate from _____ in marine sediments.

Accepted Answer

A) peat 
B) the earth's interior 
C) organic matter 
D) coal 
E) comet impacts 
A) peat 
B) the earth's interior 
C) organic matter 
D) coal 
E) comet impacts

Question 3

___ is a sedimentary rock formed by the cementation of coarse angular fragments of rubble.

Accepted Answer

A) Breccia 
B) Conglomerate 
C) Boulder rock 
D) Arkose 
E) Cataclastic 
A) Breccia 
B) Conglomerate 
C) Boulder rock 
D) Arkose 
E) Cataclastic

Question 4

Dolostone (dolomite)often forms from limestone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

_______ sediments are deposited or precipitated as a result of the actions of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) Biochemical 
B) Pyroclastic 
C) Hyaloclastic 
D) Siliciclastic 
E) Calciclastic 
A) Biochemical 
B) Pyroclastic 
C) Hyaloclastic 
D) Siliciclastic 
E) Calciclastic

Question 6

___ are features found within sedimentary rock that formed during or shortly after deposition.

Accepted Answer

A) Bedding planes 
B) Sedimentary structures 
C) Laminations 
D) Formations 
E) Turbidity currents 
A) Bedding planes 
B) Sedimentary structures 
C) Laminations 
D) Formations 
E) Turbidity currents

Question 7

Sedimentary structures are features found in sedimentary rocks that provide clues that help interpret their transport and deposition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Sand grains can be distinguished from silt grain by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the gritty feel between the teeth 
B) seeing the individual sand grains 
C) composition of the grains 
D) the gritty feel between the fingers. 
E) only by a microscope 
A) the gritty feel between the teeth 
B) seeing the individual sand grains 
C) composition of the grains 
D) the gritty feel between the fingers. 
E) only by a microscope

Question 9

_____ are precipitated as a result of inorganic processes.

Accepted Answer

A) Chalks 
B) Oolitic limestones 
C) Coals 
D) Calcic sandstones 
E) Fossiliferous limestones 
A) Chalks 
B) Oolitic limestones 
C) Coals 
D) Calcic sandstones 
E) Fossiliferous limestones

Question 10

Under what conditions is a sediment considered to be well-sorted?

Accepted Answer

A) when the grains contains a wide variety of grain sizes mixed together 
B) when the grains contains just one general grain size and one mineral 
C) when the grains are in individual layers 
D) when the grains are nearly all the same size. 
E) when the grains contain just one or two general grain sizes 
A) when the grains contains a wide variety of grain sizes mixed together 
B) when the grains contains just one general grain size and one mineral 
C) when the grains are in individual layers 
D) when the grains are nearly all the same size. 
E) when the grains contain just one or two general grain sizes

Question 11

Mud cracks form only in sediment exposed above water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The two primary types of carbonate sedimentary rocks are ___ and dolostone.

Accepted Answer

A) dolomite 
B) gypsum 
C) coal 
D) limestone 
E) sandstone 
A) dolomite 
B) gypsum 
C) coal 
D) limestone 
E) sandstone

Question 13

_____ is a coarse-grained sedimentary rock formed by the cementation of rounded gravel.

Accepted Answer

A) Breccia 
B) Mega sandstone 
C) Pebble rock 
D) Boulder rock 
E) Conglomerate 
A) Breccia 
B) Mega sandstone 
C) Pebble rock 
D) Boulder rock 
E) Conglomerate

Question 14

In order of decreasing size (largest listed first),sedimentary grain sizes include __.

Accepted Answer

A) clay,sand,silt,and gravel 
B) gravel,sand,clay,and silt 
C) sand,gravel,silt,and clay 
D) gravel,sand,silt,and clay 
E) gravel,silt,sand,and clay 
A) clay,sand,silt,and gravel 
B) gravel,sand,clay,and silt 
C) sand,gravel,silt,and clay 
D) gravel,sand,silt,and clay 
E) gravel,silt,sand,and clay

Question 15

Peat is a brown lightweight unconsolidated deposit that ultimately can transform into ____.

Accepted Answer

A) bogolite 
B) swampstone 
C) crude oil 
D) shale 
E) coal 
A) bogolite 
B) swampstone 
C) crude oil 
D) shale 
E) coal

Question 16

Lithification is the general term for the processes that convert loose sediment into a sedimentary rock.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The most common cements are _____ and ____.

Accepted Answer

A) hematite; limonite 
B) dolomite; halite 
C) calcite; quartz 
D) olivine; pyroxene 
E) feldspar; mica 
A) hematite; limonite 
B) dolomite; halite 
C) calcite; quartz 
D) olivine; pyroxene 
E) feldspar; mica

Question 18

Sorting is the process by which sediment grains are selected and separated according to grain size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A(n)___ is a body of rock of considerable thickness that is large enough to be mappable and with characteristics that distinguish it from adjacent rocks.

Accepted Answer

A) layer 
B) bed 
C) blanket 
D) formation 
E) epoch 
A) layer 
B) bed 
C) blanket 
D) formation 
E) epoch

Question 20

Rock salt is composed of the mineral ______.

Accepted Answer

A) calcite 
B) trona 
C) dolomite 
D) halite 
E) gypsum 
A) calcite 
B) trona 
C) dolomite 
D) halite 
E) gypsum

Exam 14: Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Boulders include all rounded particles coarser than 2 mm in diameter.

Oil and natural gas originate from _____ in marine sediments.

___ is a sedimentary rock formed by the cementation of coarse angular fragments of rubble.

Dolostone (dolomite)often forms from limestone.

_______ sediments are deposited or precipitated as a result of the actions of organisms.

___ are features found within sedimentary rock that formed during or shortly after deposition.

Sedimentary structures are features found in sedimentary rocks that provide clues that help interpret their transport and deposition.

Sand grains can be distinguished from silt grain by ____.

_____ are precipitated as a result of inorganic processes.

Under what conditions is a sediment considered to be well-sorted?

Mud cracks form only in sediment exposed above water.

The two primary types of carbonate sedimentary rocks are ___ and dolostone.

_____ is a coarse-grained sedimentary rock formed by the cementation of rounded gravel.

In order of decreasing size (largest listed first),sedimentary grain sizes include __.

Peat is a brown lightweight unconsolidated deposit that ultimately can transform into ____.

Lithification is the general term for the processes that convert loose sediment into a sedimentary rock.

The most common cements are _____ and ____.

Sorting is the process by which sediment grains are selected and separated according to grain size.

A(n)___ is a body of rock of considerable thickness that is large enough to be mappable and with characteristics that distinguish it from adjacent rocks.

Rock salt is composed of the mineral ______.

Introducing Geology,the Essentials of Plate Tectonics,and Other Important Concepts

Earths Interior and Geophysical Properties

The Sea Floor

Plate Tectonics

Mountain Belts and the Continental Crust

Geologic Structures

Earthquakes

Time and Geology

Atoms,Elements and Minerals

Volcanism and Extrusive Rocks

Igneous Rocks, Intrusive Activity, and the Origin of Igneous Rocks

Weathering and Soil

Mass Wasting

Metamorphism, Metamorphic Rocks, and Hydrothermal Rocks

Streams and Floods

Ground Water

Deserts and Wind Action

Glaciers and Glaciation

Waves,Beaches and Coasts

Geologic Resources

The Earths Companions

Filters

The most common cements are _ and .