Exam 14: Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Most sediment is transported some distance by gravity,wind,water or ice.

The most common type of sedimentary rocks are ____.

Silt is mostly composed of ___ grains.

______ forms from limestone when the calcium in calcite is partially replaced by magnesium.

____ is the process by which sediment grains are selected and separated according to grain size by agent of transportation.

______ is the shift to a tighter packing of sediment grains due to the weight of overburden.

___ are polygonal patterns that form in very fine sediment as it dries.

Sedimentary breccia is a sedimentary rock formed by cementation of coarse angular fragments of rubble.

Chalk is not a sedimentary rock.

Asymmetrical _____ are produced by current flowing in a single direction.

The principle of ___ holds that,in a stack of horizontal layers the oldest layer is on the bottom and the layers become younger upward.

All evaporites have a crystalline texture.

Sedimentary rock on ____ will enable planetary geologists to one day unravel its history.

_____ form(s)only in find-grained sediments that are exposed to air.

______ are sedimentary rocks deposited by direct precipitation of minerals from water.

_____ is a term that describes a series of visible layers in sedimentary rock.

Detrital sedimentary rocks form from cemented sedimentary grains that are fragments of a preexisting rock.

_______ is an organic rock formed from the compression and alteration of plant remains such as leaves,twigs,and tree trunks.

In sandstone,a thick bed will often consist of a series of thinner inclined beds called ____.

Carbonate rocks contain the _____ ion as part of their chemical composition.