Question 1

Correlation cannot provide any information about

Accepted Answer

A) significance. 
B) causality. 
C) directionality. 
D) generalizability. 
A) significance. 
B) causality. 
C) directionality. 
D) generalizability.

Question 2

Statistically significant correlations may be observed between two variables that are actually unrelated.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) correlations inferring causality. 
B) the directionality problem. 
C) the third variable problem. 
D) the restriction of range problem. 
A) correlations inferring causality. 
B) the directionality problem. 
C) the third variable problem. 
D) the restriction of range problem.

Question 3

The Twenty Statements Test (i.e., the "Who am I?" test) is an example of a/an

Accepted Answer

A) structured questionnaire. 
B) unstructured questionnaire. 
C) projective test. 
D) bias-free test. 
A) structured questionnaire. 
B) unstructured questionnaire. 
C) projective test. 
D) bias-free test.

Question 4

Which of the following is the best reason for collecting self-report data?

Accepted Answer

A) Individuals have access to a wealth of information about themselves. 
B) Observer bias is very difficult to remove from the data. 
C) The desire to portray oneself in a positive light is very prevalent. 
D) There is an almost total lack of bias in self-report data. 
A) Individuals have access to a wealth of information about themselves. 
B) Observer bias is very difficult to remove from the data. 
C) The desire to portray oneself in a positive light is very prevalent. 
D) There is an almost total lack of bias in self-report data.

Question 5

Projective techniques are examples of

Accepted Answer

A) S-data. 
B) O-data. 
C) T-data. 
D) L-data. 
A) S-data. 
B) O-data. 
C) T-data. 
D) L-data.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the major types of research design?

Accepted Answer

A) Correlational 
B) Physiological 
C) Experimental 
D) Case study 
A) Correlational 
B) Physiological 
C) Experimental 
D) Case study

Question 7

The best reason to use a mechanical device, such as an actometer, is that

Accepted Answer

A) it permits the researcher to be free to measure other things in the study. 
B) it is free from biases associated with human raters. 
C) mechanical devices can assess a wide range of overt and covert behaviors. 
D) it is easier to use with children than using questionnaires. 
A) it permits the researcher to be free to measure other things in the study. 
B) it is free from biases associated with human raters. 
C) mechanical devices can assess a wide range of overt and covert behaviors. 
D) it is easier to use with children than using questionnaires.

Question 8

Howard wants to study the relationship between income and dominance.Which personality research method would he be most likely to use?

Accepted Answer

A) Case study 
B) Correlational design 
C) Experimental design 
D) Naturalistic observation 
A) Case study 
B) Correlational design 
C) Experimental design 
D) Naturalistic observation

Question 9

If a researcher wants to know whether or not people who score high on extraversion also score high on activity level, the researcher should use the _____ method.

Accepted Answer

A) experimental 
B) case study 
C) correlational 
D) ANOVA 
A) experimental 
B) case study 
C) correlational 
D) ANOVA

Question 10

If people who score high on extraversion also score high on measures of happiness, extraversion and happiness are

Accepted Answer

A) not correlated. 
B) positively correlated. 
C) negatively correlated. 
D) possibly correlated, but there is not enough information here to know. 
A) not correlated. 
B) positively correlated. 
C) negatively correlated. 
D) possibly correlated, but there is not enough information here to know.

Question 11

If a test of suggestibility measures suggestibility the test has

Accepted Answer

A) face validity. 
B) test validity. 
C) predictive validity. 
D) construct validity. 
A) face validity. 
B) test validity. 
C) predictive validity. 
D) construct validity.

Question 12

S-data will agree more with O-data when

Accepted Answer

A) T-data is not available. 
B) the trait being assessed is unconscious. 
C) the trait being assessed requires few inferences. 
D) the trait being assessed is not easily observable. 
A) T-data is not available. 
B) the trait being assessed is unconscious. 
C) the trait being assessed requires few inferences. 
D) the trait being assessed is not easily observable.

Question 13

Which of the following pieces of information is NOT needed to establish statistical significance in an experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A) The mean 
B) The standard deviation 
C) Alpha coefficient 
D) Sample size 
A) The mean 
B) The standard deviation 
C) Alpha coefficient 
D) Sample size

Question 14

Jeanne is interested in developing a scale to measure entrepreneurial personality types.As an initial step in this research program, what should she do?

Accepted Answer

A) Conduct a case study of famous entrepreneurs like Mary Kay, Estée Lauder, and Donald Trump. 
B) Have several business people observed in their natural environments. 
C) Conduct a correlational study of the relationship between social status and social dominance. 
D) Have two groups of business people play Monopoly$\to$ with different amounts of start-up money. 
A) Conduct a case study of famous entrepreneurs like Mary Kay, Estée Lauder, and Donald Trump. 
B) Have several business people observed in their natural environments. 
C) Conduct a correlational study of the relationship between social status and social dominance. 
D) Have two groups of business people play Monopoly$\to$ with different amounts of start-up money.

Question 15

Establishing that a test does not correlate with measures of unrelated constructs indicates high

Accepted Answer

A) convergent validity. 
B) discriminant validity. 
C) face validity. 
D) dysfunctional validity. 
A) convergent validity. 
B) discriminant validity. 
C) face validity. 
D) dysfunctional validity.

Question 16

"Reliability" refers to the ability

Accepted Answer

A) to assign a personality test score to a person. 
B) to measure what the personality test purports to measure. 
C) of the personality test to produce the same test score for an individual at other testings. 
D) of a personality test to measure other personality traits. 
A) to assign a personality test score to a person. 
B) to measure what the personality test purports to measure. 
C) of the personality test to produce the same test score for an individual at other testings. 
D) of a personality test to measure other personality traits.

Question 17

Shoe size is positively correlated with height and hand size, but not correlated with intelligence.Shoe size has _____ validity with height and hand size and _____ validity with intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) convergent; discriminant 
B) discriminant; convergent 
C) predictive; face 
D) face; predictive 
A) convergent; discriminant 
B) discriminant; convergent 
C) predictive; face 
D) face; predictive

Question 18

Jacques is interested in finding out if caffeine affects levels of task performance for introverts and extraverts.From which research method would Jacques benefit the most?

Accepted Answer

A) Case study 
B) Correlational design 
C) Experimental design 
D) Naturalistic observation 
A) Case study 
B) Correlational design 
C) Experimental design 
D) Naturalistic observation

Question 19

I conduct a study of drivers convicted of speeding for a major insurance company and collect a sample of data from 500 drivers and examine their driving records over a 10-year period.This study is using

Accepted Answer

A) life-report data. 
B) observer-report data. 
C) test-report data. 
D) self-report data. 
A) life-report data. 
B) observer-report data. 
C) test-report data. 
D) self-report data.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of observer-report data?

Accepted Answer

A) It provides another point of view to self-report data. 
B) Many observers' data can be combined. 
C) Observers have unique access to information about a person. 
D) Observers can best capture the subjective experience of person being measured. 
A) It provides another point of view to self-report data. 
B) Many observers' data can be combined. 
C) Observers have unique access to information about a person. 
D) Observers can best capture the subjective experience of person being measured.

Correlation cannot provide any information about

Statistically significant correlations may be observed between two variables that are actually unrelated.This is an example of

The Twenty Statements Test (i.e., the "Who am I?" test) is an example of a/an

Which of the following is the best reason for collecting self-report data?

Projective techniques are examples of

Which of the following is NOT one of the major types of research design?

The best reason to use a mechanical device, such as an actometer, is that

Howard wants to study the relationship between income and dominance.Which personality research method would he be most likely to use?

If a researcher wants to know whether or not people who score high on extraversion also score high on activity level, the researcher should use the _____ method.

If people who score high on extraversion also score high on measures of happiness, extraversion and happiness are

If a test of suggestibility measures suggestibility the test has

S-data will agree more with O-data when

Which of the following pieces of information is NOT needed to establish statistical significance in an experimental design?

Jeanne is interested in developing a scale to measure entrepreneurial personality types.As an initial step in this research program, what should she do?

Establishing that a test does not correlate with measures of unrelated constructs indicates high

"Reliability" refers to the ability

Shoe size is positively correlated with height and hand size, but not correlated with intelligence.Shoe size has _ validity with height and hand size and _ validity with intelligence.

Jacques is interested in finding out if caffeine affects levels of task performance for introverts and extraverts.From which research method would Jacques benefit the most?

I conduct a study of drivers convicted of speeding for a major insurance company and collect a sample of data from 500 drivers and examine their driving records over a 10-year period.This study is using

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of observer-report data?

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex, Gender, and Personality

Culture and Personality

Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

Exam 2: Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

Correlation cannot provide any information about

Statistically significant correlations may be observed between two variables that are actually unrelated.This is an example of

The Twenty Statements Test (i.e., the "Who am I?" test) is an example of a/an

Which of the following is the best reason for collecting self-report data?

Projective techniques are examples of

Which of the following is NOT one of the major types of research design?

The best reason to use a mechanical device, such as an actometer, is that

Howard wants to study the relationship between income and dominance.Which personality research method would he be most likely to use?

If a researcher wants to know whether or not people who score high on extraversion also score high on activity level, the researcher should use the _____ method.

If people who score high on extraversion also score high on measures of happiness, extraversion and happiness are

If a test of suggestibility measures suggestibility the test has

S-data will agree more with O-data when

Which of the following pieces of information is NOT needed to establish statistical significance in an experimental design?

Jeanne is interested in developing a scale to measure entrepreneurial personality types.As an initial step in this research program, what should she do?

Establishing that a test does not correlate with measures of unrelated constructs indicates high

"Reliability" refers to the ability

Shoe size is positively correlated with height and hand size, but not correlated with intelligence.Shoe size has _____ validity with height and hand size and _____ validity with intelligence.

Jacques is interested in finding out if caffeine affects levels of task performance for introverts and extraverts.From which research method would Jacques benefit the most?

I conduct a study of drivers convicted of speeding for a major insurance company and collect a sample of data from 500 drivers and examine their driving records over a 10-year period.This study is using

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of observer-report data?

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex, Gender, and Personality

Culture and Personality

Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

Shoe size is positively correlated with height and hand size, but not correlated with intelligence.Shoe size has _ validity with height and hand size and _ validity with intelligence.