Question 1

Optimism predicts good health when measured by

Accepted Answer

A) self-reports. 
B) physician reports. 
C) number of visits to a doctor. 
D) All of these. 
A) self-reports. 
B) physician reports. 
C) number of visits to a doctor. 
D) All of these. D

Question 2

Which model describes personality as having an effect on stressful events (e.g., through selection, evocation, or manipulation)?

Accepted Answer

A) Health behavior model 
B) Interactional model 
C) Transactional model 
D) Predisposition model 
A) Health behavior model 
B) Interactional model 
C) Transactional model 
D) Predisposition model C

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an important variable in most health psychology models?

Accepted Answer

A) Stress 
B) Appraisals 
C) Coping 
D) All of these are important variables. 
A) Stress 
B) Appraisals 
C) Coping 
D) All of these are important variables. D

Question 4

Research on Type A falls under the

Accepted Answer

A) health behavior model. 
B) interactional model. 
C) transactional model. 
D) All of these. 
A) health behavior model. 
B) interactional model. 
C) transactional model. 
D) All of these.

Question 5

According to Selye, people are most prone to illness in the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

Accepted Answer

A) appraisal 
B) alarm 
C) resistance 
D) exhaustion 
A) appraisal 
B) alarm 
C) resistance 
D) exhaustion

Question 6

_____ is a dispositional way of explaining the causes of bad events.

Accepted Answer

A) Defensive pessimism 
B) Attributional style 
C) Problem-focused coping 
D) Negative event interpretation 
A) Defensive pessimism 
B) Attributional style 
C) Problem-focused coping 
D) Negative event interpretation

Question 7

Research suggests that disclosing traumatic events has the effect of

Accepted Answer

A) increasing physiological arousal during disclosure. 
B) improving physical health. 
C) reducing the likelihood of depression. 
D) All of these. 
A) increasing physiological arousal during disclosure. 
B) improving physical health. 
C) reducing the likelihood of depression. 
D) All of these.

Question 8

According to Lazarus, an exam will be stressful

Accepted Answer

A) always. 
B) if a person views the exam as important. 
C) if a person wants to do well but has to cram. 
D) if a person views the exam as important or wants to do well but has to cram. 
A) always. 
B) if a person views the exam as important. 
C) if a person wants to do well but has to cram. 
D) if a person views the exam as important or wants to do well but has to cram.

Question 9

Psychologists recognize _____ varieties of stress: _____.

Accepted Answer

A) three; episodic acute, traumatic, and chronic stress 
B) three; benign, traumatic, and chronic stress 
C) four; acute, episodic acute, traumatic, and chronic stress 
D) four; acute, benign, traumatic, and chronic stress 
A) three; episodic acute, traumatic, and chronic stress 
B) three; benign, traumatic, and chronic stress 
C) four; acute, episodic acute, traumatic, and chronic stress 
D) four; acute, benign, traumatic, and chronic stress

Question 10

Focusing on the good aspects of a generally stressful situation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) problem-focused coping. 
B) positive reappraisal. 
C) creating positive events. 
D) disclosure. 
A) problem-focused coping. 
B) positive reappraisal. 
C) creating positive events. 
D) disclosure.

Question 11

When a person perceives that an event is a threat to his goals, he engages in

Accepted Answer

A) the optimistic bias. 
B) the pessimistic bias. 
C) primary appraisal. 
D) secondary appraisal. 
A) the optimistic bias. 
B) the pessimistic bias. 
C) primary appraisal. 
D) secondary appraisal.

Question 12

_____ the subjective feelings of being overwhelmed by events that seem uncontrollable.

Accepted Answer

A) Stress is 
B) Stressors are 
C) Appraisals are 
D) Pessimism is 
A) Stress is 
B) Stressors are 
C) Appraisals are 
D) Pessimism is

Question 13

Takings breaks and using humor in stressful situations are examples of the _____ coping strategy.

Accepted Answer

A) problem-focused coping 
B) positive reappraisal 
C) creating positive events 
D) disclosure 
A) problem-focused coping 
B) positive reappraisal 
C) creating positive events 
D) disclosure

Question 14

People who are very achievement motivated and always in a hurry score high on measures of

Accepted Answer

A) dispositional optimism. 
B) Type A personality. 
C) hostility. 
D) pessimistic attributional style. 
A) dispositional optimism. 
B) Type A personality. 
C) hostility. 
D) pessimistic attributional style.

Question 15

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop in persons who _____ life-threatening events.

Accepted Answer

A) experienced 
B) witnessed 
C) imagined 
D) experienced or witnessed 
A) experienced 
B) witnessed 
C) imagined 
D) experienced or witnessed

Question 16

People who are achievement-motivated and time-urgent

Accepted Answer

A) are a greater risk for heart disease. 
B) are at reduced risk for heart disease. 
C) do not really have Type A personality. 
D) None of these. 
A) are a greater risk for heart disease. 
B) are at reduced risk for heart disease. 
C) do not really have Type A personality. 
D) None of these.

Question 17

Psychologists do not understand fully the link between optimism and health because

Accepted Answer

A) most of the research is correlational. 
B) it is difficult to measure optimism. 
C) most of the research is non-correlational. 
D) optimism has only recently been studied. 
A) most of the research is correlational. 
B) it is difficult to measure optimism. 
C) most of the research is non-correlational. 
D) optimism has only recently been studied.

Question 18

Stress is the _____ feeling produced by events that are uncontrollable or threatening.

Accepted Answer

A) objective 
B) subjective 
C) acute 
D) chronic 
A) objective 
B) subjective 
C) acute 
D) chronic

Question 19

A person with a pessimistic explanatory style explains bad events as due to _____ causes.

Accepted Answer

A) internal 
B) global 
C) temporary 
D) internal and global 
A) internal 
B) global 
C) temporary 
D) internal and global

Question 20

Which of the following models is least complex?

Accepted Answer

A) Health behavior model 
B) Interactional model 
C) Transactional model 
D) Illness behavior model 
A) Health behavior model 
B) Interactional model 
C) Transactional model 
D) Illness behavior model

Optimism predicts good health when measured by

Which model describes personality as having an effect on stressful events (e.g., through selection, evocation, or manipulation)?

Which of the following is NOT an important variable in most health psychology models?

Research on Type A falls under the

According to Selye, people are most prone to illness in the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

_____ is a dispositional way of explaining the causes of bad events.

Research suggests that disclosing traumatic events has the effect of

According to Lazarus, an exam will be stressful

Psychologists recognize _ varieties of stress: _.

Focusing on the good aspects of a generally stressful situation is an example of

When a person perceives that an event is a threat to his goals, he engages in

_____ the subjective feelings of being overwhelmed by events that seem uncontrollable.

Takings breaks and using humor in stressful situations are examples of the _____ coping strategy.

People who are very achievement motivated and always in a hurry score high on measures of

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop in persons who _____ life-threatening events.

People who are achievement-motivated and time-urgent

Psychologists do not understand fully the link between optimism and health because

Stress is the _____ feeling produced by events that are uncontrollable or threatening.

A person with a pessimistic explanatory style explains bad events as due to _____ causes.

Which of the following models is least complex?

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex, Gender, and Personality

Culture and Personality

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

Exam 18: Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health

Optimism predicts good health when measured by

Which model describes personality as having an effect on stressful events (e.g., through selection, evocation, or manipulation)?

Which of the following is NOT an important variable in most health psychology models?

Research on Type A falls under the

According to Selye, people are most prone to illness in the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

_____ is a dispositional way of explaining the causes of bad events.

Research suggests that disclosing traumatic events has the effect of

According to Lazarus, an exam will be stressful

Psychologists recognize _____ varieties of stress: _____.

Focusing on the good aspects of a generally stressful situation is an example of

When a person perceives that an event is a threat to his goals, he engages in

_____ the subjective feelings of being overwhelmed by events that seem uncontrollable.

Takings breaks and using humor in stressful situations are examples of the _____ coping strategy.

People who are very achievement motivated and always in a hurry score high on measures of

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop in persons who _____ life-threatening events.

People who are achievement-motivated and time-urgent

Psychologists do not understand fully the link between optimism and health because

Stress is the _____ feeling produced by events that are uncontrollable or threatening.

A person with a pessimistic explanatory style explains bad events as due to _____ causes.

Which of the following models is least complex?

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex, Gender, and Personality

Culture and Personality

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

Psychologists recognize _ varieties of stress: _.