Question 1

Which of the following might NOT explain why a person often acts in a friendly manner?

Accepted Answer

A) The person has the trait of friendliness. 
B) The person is often in social situations. 
C) The person chooses to go to many parties and social events. 
D) The person thinks of himself or herself as being friendly. 
A) The person has the trait of friendliness. 
B) The person is often in social situations. 
C) The person chooses to go to many parties and social events. 
D) The person thinks of himself or herself as being friendly.

Question 2

Some individuals have raised concerns about the use of personality tests in hiring decisions.All of these are legitimate concerns EXCEPT that they feel the

Accepted Answer

A) tests' questions are unrelated to job requirements. 
B) tests are evaluated poorly. 
C) tests do not accurately predict job performance. 
D) tests lack statistical reliability. 
A) tests' questions are unrelated to job requirements. 
B) tests are evaluated poorly. 
C) tests do not accurately predict job performance. 
D) tests lack statistical reliability.

Question 3

Josh has been required to complete an anger management course as part of his sentencing for his conviction in a road rage incident.He completes a personality test and answers the questions in a way that he believes will reduce the amount time he will spend in the course.In terms of psychological measurement issues Josh is

Accepted Answer

A) faking good. 
B) faking bad. 
C) false negative. 
D) false positive. 
A) faking good. 
B) faking bad. 
C) false negative. 
D) false positive.

Question 4

Personality is likely to have the least effect on behavior

Accepted Answer

A) in ambiguous situations. 
B) when people are older. 
C) in strong situations. 
D) when behaviors are aggregated. 
A) in ambiguous situations. 
B) when people are older. 
C) in strong situations. 
D) when behaviors are aggregated.

Question 5

A person who acts aggressively and often finds himself in uncomfortable conflicts demonstrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A) situational selection. 
B) evocation. 
C) manipulation. 
D) aggregation. 
A) situational selection. 
B) evocation. 
C) manipulation. 
D) aggregation.

Question 6

Trait psychologists are most interested in

Accepted Answer

A) how people are different from each other. 
B) how human nature works. 
C) understanding the uniqueness of each individual. 
D) general laws of human behavior. 
A) how people are different from each other. 
B) how human nature works. 
C) understanding the uniqueness of each individual. 
D) general laws of human behavior.

Question 7

Vicki has been your friend for several years.Generally she is a very friendly, outgoing, and sociable person.Based on what you know about Vicki's personality you predict that she

Accepted Answer

A) will have greater amounts of these traits in the future. 
B) was probably a unfriendly, nonsocial, and withdrawn child. 
C) will be as friendly, outgoing, and sociable as she is now in the future. 
D) will have far lower amounts of these traits in the future. 
A) will have greater amounts of these traits in the future. 
B) was probably a unfriendly, nonsocial, and withdrawn child. 
C) will be as friendly, outgoing, and sociable as she is now in the future. 
D) will have far lower amounts of these traits in the future.

Question 8

The main difference between evocation and manipulation is that

Accepted Answer

A) evocation is the result of personality but manipulation is not. 
B) manipulation is the result of personality by evocation is not. 
C) evocation is not intentional, but manipulation is. 
D) manipulation is not intentional but evocation is. 
A) evocation is the result of personality but manipulation is not. 
B) manipulation is the result of personality by evocation is not. 
C) evocation is not intentional, but manipulation is. 
D) manipulation is not intentional but evocation is.

Question 9

Mischel thought that _____ were most important in determining behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) situations 
B) attitudes 
C) traits 
D) intellectual abilities 
A) situations 
B) attitudes 
C) traits 
D) intellectual abilities

Question 10

Peter is a very brave man, but otherwise a laid-back guy.One day he hears tires squealing and metal crashing.He turns to the street, and upon seeing an accident, rescues a young child from one of the cars involved in the accident.The combination of Peter's trait of bravery and the dangerous situation illustrate the idea of situational

Accepted Answer

A) specificity. 
B) generalization. 
C) reactivity. 
D) synergism. 
A) specificity. 
B) generalization. 
C) reactivity. 
D) synergism.

Question 11

The equation B = f(P x S)

Accepted Answer

A) shows that the appearance of a trait is related to an interaction between the phenotype and stereotype. 
B) is a way to determine heritability estimates for behavior of personalities in situations. 
C) specifies that behavior is the result of an interaction between the person and the situation. 
D) indicates that behavior is primarily the result of personality and secondarily the situation. 
A) shows that the appearance of a trait is related to an interaction between the phenotype and stereotype. 
B) is a way to determine heritability estimates for behavior of personalities in situations. 
C) specifies that behavior is the result of an interaction between the person and the situation. 
D) indicates that behavior is primarily the result of personality and secondarily the situation.

Question 12

The correlation between _____ and ____ would likely be the highest.

Accepted Answer

A) shyness averaged over a month; shyness on a given day 
B) shyness averaged over a month; shyness averaged over a week 
C) shyness averaged over a month; shyness averaged over a different month 
D) shyness on a given day; shyness on another day 
A) shyness averaged over a month; shyness on a given day 
B) shyness averaged over a month; shyness averaged over a week 
C) shyness averaged over a month; shyness averaged over a different month 
D) shyness on a given day; shyness on another day

Question 13

The term _____ refers to making the mistake of thinking that a person was answering a questionnaire truthfully when that person was actually faking.

Accepted Answer

A) false positive 
B) false negative 
C) extreme responding 
D) restriction of range 
A) false positive 
B) false negative 
C) extreme responding 
D) restriction of range

Question 14

Which of the following would an employer most want to have if taken to court for using personality tests to select employees?

Accepted Answer

A) The expert opinion of a psychologist. 
B) Data showing that the tests predict job performance. 
C) Written consent of applicants. 
D) Data showing that the test predicts psychopathology. 
A) The expert opinion of a psychologist. 
B) Data showing that the tests predict job performance. 
C) Written consent of applicants. 
D) Data showing that the test predicts psychopathology.

Question 15

Which of the following traits is NOT associated with successful police performance?

Accepted Answer

A) Need for adventure 
B) Need to influence others 
C) Self-confidence 
D) Sociability 
A) Need for adventure 
B) Need to influence others 
C) Self-confidence 
D) Sociability

Question 16

Today, polygraph tests are most often used

Accepted Answer

A) by fast food restaurants. 
B) by government agencies. 
C) in courtrooms. 
D) to select graduate students. 
A) by fast food restaurants. 
B) by government agencies. 
C) in courtrooms. 
D) to select graduate students.

Question 17

The item "Whenever I walk up stairs, I always do so on my hands" on a questionnaire assesses

Accepted Answer

A) carelessness. 
B) faking. 
C) extraversion. 
D) seriousness. 
A) carelessness. 
B) faking. 
C) extraversion. 
D) seriousness.

Question 18

Which of the following assessments would you expect to be the best predictor of behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) A single observation of behavior 
B) A short questionnaire 
C) A long questionnaire 
D) A single experiment 
A) A single observation of behavior 
B) A short questionnaire 
C) A long questionnaire 
D) A single experiment

Question 19

Traits are

Accepted Answer

A) assumed to be consistent over time. 
B) expected to vary over time. 
C) expected to be consistent only if they have a biological basis. 
D) expected to be consistently meaningful over time 
A) assumed to be consistent over time. 
B) expected to vary over time. 
C) expected to be consistent only if they have a biological basis. 
D) expected to be consistently meaningful over time

Question 20

In order to select personnel for a job, a psychologist would NOT

Accepted Answer

A) determine the special challenges of the job. 
B) develop hypotheses about the kinds of personality traits best suited to the job. 
C) measure the traits of job applicants. 
D) use a series of Barnum statements to assess personality. 
A) determine the special challenges of the job. 
B) develop hypotheses about the kinds of personality traits best suited to the job. 
C) measure the traits of job applicants. 
D) use a series of Barnum statements to assess personality.

Which of the following might NOT explain why a person often acts in a friendly manner?

Some individuals have raised concerns about the use of personality tests in hiring decisions.All of these are legitimate concerns EXCEPT that they feel the

Personality is likely to have the least effect on behavior

A person who acts aggressively and often finds himself in uncomfortable conflicts demonstrates the concept of

Trait psychologists are most interested in

Vicki has been your friend for several years.Generally she is a very friendly, outgoing, and sociable person.Based on what you know about Vicki's personality you predict that she

The main difference between evocation and manipulation is that

Mischel thought that _____ were most important in determining behavior.

The equation B = f(P x S)

The correlation between _ and would likely be the highest.

The term _____ refers to making the mistake of thinking that a person was answering a questionnaire truthfully when that person was actually faking.

Which of the following would an employer most want to have if taken to court for using personality tests to select employees?

Which of the following traits is NOT associated with successful police performance?

Today, polygraph tests are most often used

The item "Whenever I walk up stairs, I always do so on my hands" on a questionnaire assesses

Which of the following assessments would you expect to be the best predictor of behavior?

Traits are

In order to select personnel for a job, a psychologist would NOT

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex, Gender, and Personality

Culture and Personality

Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

Exam 4: Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology

Which of the following might NOT explain why a person often acts in a friendly manner?

Some individuals have raised concerns about the use of personality tests in hiring decisions.All of these are legitimate concerns EXCEPT that they feel the

Personality is likely to have the least effect on behavior

A person who acts aggressively and often finds himself in uncomfortable conflicts demonstrates the concept of

Trait psychologists are most interested in

Vicki has been your friend for several years.Generally she is a very friendly, outgoing, and sociable person.Based on what you know about Vicki's personality you predict that she

The main difference between evocation and manipulation is that

Mischel thought that _____ were most important in determining behavior.

The equation B = f(P x S)

The correlation between _____ and ____ would likely be the highest.

The term _____ refers to making the mistake of thinking that a person was answering a questionnaire truthfully when that person was actually faking.

Which of the following would an employer most want to have if taken to court for using personality tests to select employees?

Which of the following traits is NOT associated with successful police performance?

Today, polygraph tests are most often used

The item "Whenever I walk up stairs, I always do so on my hands" on a questionnaire assesses

Which of the following assessments would you expect to be the best predictor of behavior?

Traits are

In order to select personnel for a job, a psychologist would NOT

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex, Gender, and Personality

Culture and Personality

Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

The correlation between _ and would likely be the highest.