Question 1

Translocations can be used to

Accepted Answer

A) determine linkage groups for genes greater than 50 mu apart 
B) determine linkage groups for genes only if they are less than 50 mu apart 
C) create balancer chromosomes 
D) create chromosomes with inversions 
A) determine linkage groups for genes greater than 50 mu apart 
B) determine linkage groups for genes only if they are less than 50 mu apart 
C) create balancer chromosomes 
D) create chromosomes with inversions A

Question 2

Which of the following does not happen when an intragenic inversion occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) One part of the gene is relocated to a distant region of the chromosome. 
B) One part of the gene stays at its original site. 
C) Homozygotes for the inversion do not survive. 
D) The gene's function is not disrupted. 
A) One part of the gene is relocated to a distant region of the chromosome. 
B) One part of the gene stays at its original site. 
C) Homozygotes for the inversion do not survive. 
D) The gene's function is not disrupted. D

Question 3

Why are organisms with an odd number of chromosome sets usually sterile?

Accepted Answer

A) Almost all gametes will have an unbalanced set of chromosomes. 
B) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis I 
C) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis II 
D) Since there is an odd number of chromosomal sets meiosis will not occur at all. 
A) Almost all gametes will have an unbalanced set of chromosomes. 
B) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis I 
C) Chromosomes will fail to segregate independently during meiosis II 
D) Since there is an odd number of chromosomal sets meiosis will not occur at all. A

Question 4

How do chromosomal rearrangements generate new gene products?

Accepted Answer

A) Chromosome sets from different species 
B) Translocations may result in the fusion of two different open reading frames. 
C) Deletions may remove regulatory regions of genes. 
D) Inversions may result in genes moving from a region of euchromatin to a region of heterochromatin. 
A) Chromosome sets from different species 
B) Translocations may result in the fusion of two different open reading frames. 
C) Deletions may remove regulatory regions of genes. 
D) Inversions may result in genes moving from a region of euchromatin to a region of heterochromatin.

Question 5

Down syndrome can result from

Accepted Answer

A) three copies of chromosome 21. 
B) a translocation of a part of chromosome 9. 
C) a reciprocal translocation between any two autosomes. 
D) trisomy X 
A) three copies of chromosome 21. 
B) a translocation of a part of chromosome 9. 
C) a reciprocal translocation between any two autosomes. 
D) trisomy X

Question 6

A type of rearrangement where a piece of a chromosome is transferred to a non-homologous chromosome

Accepted Answer

The answer of A type of rearrangement where a piece...

Question 7

In terms of evolution, what might be the outcome of translocation in a species' genome?

Accepted Answer

A) production of gene families 
B) development of two species due to reproductive isolation 
C) eventual extinction due to semisterility 
D) None of the choices is correct. 
A) production of gene families 
B) development of two species due to reproductive isolation 
C) eventual extinction due to semisterility 
D) None of the choices is correct.

Question 8

A change in the genetic material where a DNA sequence changes orientation

Accepted Answer

The answer of A change in the genetic material where...

Question 9

Inversions can have an effect on the phenotype of the organism when

Accepted Answer

A) the trancscirbed region of a gene spans one or more of the inversion's breakpoints. 
B) the inversion's breakpoints do not alter any of the inverted segments gene sequences. 
C) the inversion is pericentric. 
D) the inversion is paracentric. 
A) the trancscirbed region of a gene spans one or more of the inversion's breakpoints. 
B) the inversion's breakpoints do not alter any of the inverted segments gene sequences. 
C) the inversion is pericentric. 
D) the inversion is paracentric.

Question 10

The term for the type of mutation that results in a loss of material from the genome is

Accepted Answer

A) inversion 
B) duplication 
C) deletion 
D) translocation 
A) inversion 
B) duplication 
C) deletion 
D) translocation

Question 11

Which of the following does not usually show a problem during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A) translocation heterozygote 
B) translocation homozygote 
C) paracentric inversion 
D) pericentric inversion 
A) translocation heterozygote 
B) translocation homozygote 
C) paracentric inversion 
D) pericentric inversion

Question 12

Match the description with the appropriate term
 
-Moves DNA directly

Accepted Answer

A)  retroposon 
B)  transposon 
C)  transposable element 
D)  transposase 
A)  retroposon 
B)  transposon 
C)  transposable element 
D)  transposase

Question 13

A transposition is considered a cytologically invisible sequence rearrangement and therefore would be similar to which other type of mutation?

Accepted Answer

A) small deletion 
B) large duplication 
C) inversion 
D) translocation 
A) small deletion 
B) large duplication 
C) inversion 
D) translocation

Question 14

The genus Triticale is a new genus of the various allopolyploid hybrids between wheat and rye.Some of the members of this genus show agricultural promise because

Accepted Answer

A) wheat has a high yield. 
B) rye adapts well to unfavorable environments. 
C) wheat has a high level of protein. 
D) rye has a high level of lysine. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) wheat has a high yield. 
B) rye adapts well to unfavorable environments. 
C) wheat has a high level of protein. 
D) rye has a high level of lysine. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Robertsonian translocations result from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Breaks occur at or near the centromeres of two acrocentric chromosomes followed by the reciprocal exchange of broken parts. 
B) A part of one chromosome becomes attached to a non-homologous chromosome. 
C) Unequal crossing over occurs during meiosis. 
D) There is fusion of two small chromosomes end-to-end such that a double centromere occurs. 
A) Breaks occur at or near the centromeres of two acrocentric chromosomes followed by the reciprocal exchange of broken parts. 
B) A part of one chromosome becomes attached to a non-homologous chromosome. 
C) Unequal crossing over occurs during meiosis. 
D) There is fusion of two small chromosomes end-to-end such that a double centromere occurs.

Question 16

A change in the genome whereby copies of one or more genes are added to the genome

Accepted Answer

The answer of A change in the genome whereby copies...

Question 17

Transposable elements can cause deletions in genomes when

Accepted Answer

A) they transpose into a new site. 
B) a non-autonomous transposon is activated by an autonomous transposon. 
C) they are transcribed. 
D) PiWi RNAs inhibit the transcription of the transposon. 
A) they transpose into a new site. 
B) a non-autonomous transposon is activated by an autonomous transposon. 
C) they are transcribed. 
D) PiWi RNAs inhibit the transcription of the transposon.

Question 18

When a crossover occurs within the inversion loop of a pericentric inversion each recombinant chromatid will have

Accepted Answer

A) a dicentric bridge. 
B) no duplications. 
C) a deletion of some genes in the inverted region. 
D) no mutations 
A) a dicentric bridge. 
B) no duplications. 
C) a deletion of some genes in the inverted region. 
D) no mutations

Question 19

What is the reason that aneuploidy in autosomal chromosomes is generally not tolerated as well as aneuploidy in sex chromosomes in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) Only one X chromosome is active in any somatic cell 
B) Autosomal aneuplody leads to heart defects and death in utero 
C) Y chromosome duplication results in only minor changes in testosterone levels 
D) Sex chromosome aneuploids may occur as the result of fertilization but the any extra sex chromosomes are removed from the developing embryo during subsequent mitosis. 
E) increased susceptibility to infection. 
A) Only one X chromosome is active in any somatic cell 
B) Autosomal aneuplody leads to heart defects and death in utero 
C) Y chromosome duplication results in only minor changes in testosterone levels 
D) Sex chromosome aneuploids may occur as the result of fertilization but the any extra sex chromosomes are removed from the developing embryo during subsequent mitosis. 
E) increased susceptibility to infection.

Question 20

An inversion may result from

Accepted Answer

A) A 3600 rotation of a chromosomal region following two double-strand breaks in a chromosome's DNA. 
B) A crossover between DNA sequences present in two positions on the same chromosome in inverted orientation. 
C) A crossover between repetitive DNA sequences present in two positions on the same chromosome in the same orientation. 
D) Crossing over between two repetitive sequences on different chromosomes 
A) A 3600 rotation of a chromosomal region following two double-strand breaks in a chromosome's DNA. 
B) A crossover between DNA sequences present in two positions on the same chromosome in inverted orientation. 
C) A crossover between repetitive DNA sequences present in two positions on the same chromosome in the same orientation. 
D) Crossing over between two repetitive sequences on different chromosomes

Exam 12: Chromosomal Rearrangements and Changes in Chromosome Number

Translocations can be used to

Which of the following does not happen when an intragenic inversion occurs?

Why are organisms with an odd number of chromosome sets usually sterile?

How do chromosomal rearrangements generate new gene products?

Down syndrome can result from

A type of rearrangement where a piece of a chromosome is transferred to a non-homologous chromosome

In terms of evolution, what might be the outcome of translocation in a species' genome?

A change in the genetic material where a DNA sequence changes orientation

Inversions can have an effect on the phenotype of the organism when

The term for the type of mutation that results in a loss of material from the genome is

Which of the following does not usually show a problem during meiosis?

Match the description with the appropriate term -Moves DNA directly

A transposition is considered a cytologically invisible sequence rearrangement and therefore would be similar to which other type of mutation?

The genus Triticale is a new genus of the various allopolyploid hybrids between wheat and rye.Some of the members of this genus show agricultural promise because

Robertsonian translocations result from which of the following?

A change in the genome whereby copies of one or more genes are added to the genome

Transposable elements can cause deletions in genomes when

When a crossover occurs within the inversion loop of a pericentric inversion each recombinant chromatid will have

What is the reason that aneuploidy in autosomal chromosomes is generally not tolerated as well as aneuploidy in sex chromosomes in humans?

An inversion may result from

Genetics: The Study of Biological Information

Mendels Principles of Heredity

Extensions to Mendels Laws

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

DNA Structure, Replication, and Recombination

Anatomy and Function of a Gene: Dissection Through Mutation

Gene Expression: The Flow of Information From DNA to RNA to Protein

Digital Analysis of Genomes

Analyzing Genomic Information

The Eukaryotic Chromosome

Bacterial Genetics

Organellar Inheritance

Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Manipulating the Genomes of Eukaryotes

The Genetic Analysis of Development

The Genetics of Cancer

Variation and Selection in Populations

Genetics of Complex Traits

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