Question 1

Which of the following measures is used to assess the strength of relationships in cross-classification tables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonparametric measures of association 
B)  Parametric measures of association 
C)  ANOVA 
D)  Regression 
E)  R-test 
A)  Nonparametric measures of association 
B)  Parametric measures of association 
C)  ANOVA 
D)  Regression 
E)  R-test

Question 2

Which of the following measures is not used as a measure of association for nominal,nonparametric variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chi-square 
B)  Phi 
C)  Cramer's V 
D)  Contingency coefficient C 
E)  Z score 
A)  Chi-square 
B)  Phi 
C)  Cramer's V 
D)  Contingency coefficient C 
E)  Z score

Question 3

Proportional reduction in error statistics are used with _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  interval data 
B)  ratio data 
C)  regression analysis 
D)  contingency tables 
E)  all of the above 
A)  interval data 
B)  ratio data 
C)  regression analysis 
D)  contingency tables 
E)  all of the above

Question 4

Regression analysis seeks to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  predict Y using X values 
B)  evaluate differences between X and Y 
C)  determine whether X and Y are part of the same construct 
D)  determine whether the means of X and Y are significantly different 
E)  all of the above 
A)  predict Y using X values 
B)  evaluate differences between X and Y 
C)  determine whether X and Y are part of the same construct 
D)  determine whether the means of X and Y are significantly different 
E)  all of the above

Question 5

The question of 'How strongly are sales related to price when the effect of brand loyalty is controlled?' is best answered using _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  regression analysis 
B)  partial correlation 
C)  ANOVA 
D)  product moment correlation 
E)  gamma 
A)  regression analysis 
B)  partial correlation 
C)  ANOVA 
D)  product moment correlation 
E)  gamma

Question 6

The assumption that data can be described by a straight line passing through the data array is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance 
B)  normality 
C)  significance 
D)  linearity 
E)  association 
A)  resistance 
B)  normality 
C)  significance 
D)  linearity 
E)  association

Question 7

Which of the following is a measure of non-metric correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pearson product moment correlation 
B)  Bivariate linear regression 
C)  Kendall's tau 
D)  Partial correlation 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Pearson product moment correlation 
B)  Bivariate linear regression 
C)  Kendall's tau 
D)  Partial correlation 
E)  All of the above

Question 8

Briefly explain how an analyst should interpret the r2 value in a regression analysis.

Accepted Answer

The r² is the coefficient of determinatio

Question 9

Statistics used to assess the strength of relationships for nominal data may be sensitive to all of the following except _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  table shape 
B)  number of cells in the table 
C)  type of sample 
D)  sample size 
E)  marginals 
A)  table shape 
B)  number of cells in the table 
C)  type of sample 
D)  sample size 
E)  marginals

Question 10

Which statistic below is a measure of association that uses table marginals to reduce prediction errors?

Accepted Answer

A)  τ 
B)  r2 
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)  τ 
B)  r2 
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 11

When a subject that ranks higher on one variable also ranks higher on the other variable,the pairs of observations are said to be _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlated 
B)  causal 
C)  concordant 
D)  discordant 
E)  ordinal 
A)  correlated 
B)  causal 
C)  concordant 
D)  discordant 
E)  ordinal

Question 12

A _____ occurs when subjects have the same value on the X variable,on the Y variable,or on both.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlation 
B)  resistant statistic 
C)  tied pair 
D)  proportional reduction in error 
E)  positive relationship 
A)  correlation 
B)  resistant statistic 
C)  tied pair 
D)  proportional reduction in error 
E)  positive relationship

Question 13

The _____ is the change in Y for a 1-unit change in X.

Accepted Answer

A)  regression coefficient 
B)  slope 
C)  intercept 
D)  constant 
E)  error term 
A)  regression coefficient 
B)  slope 
C)  intercept 
D)  constant 
E)  error term

Question 14

Zero slopes result when _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Y is completely unrelated to X, and no systematic pattern is evident 
B)  there are constant values of Y for every value of X 
C)  the data are related but represented by a nonlinear function 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Y is completely unrelated to X, and no systematic pattern is evident 
B)  there are constant values of Y for every value of X 
C)  the data are related but represented by a nonlinear function 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

Bill wants to write the equation that demonstrates the model for explaining mid-life crisis.He is using optimism,locus of control,income,and years since completing college as explanatory variables.Which of the following equations is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)  none of the above 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)  none of the above

Question 16

The issue of _____ is reflected in the correlation between the number of sunny days in the year and the gains in the New York Stock Exchange.

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical significance 
B)  practical significance 
C)  covariance 
D)  error 
E)  artifact correlations 
A)  statistical significance 
B)  practical significance 
C)  covariance 
D)  error 
E)  artifact correlations

Question 17

In bivariate regression,which statement is true concerning the coefficient of determination,r2?

Accepted Answer

A)  r2 is the square of the simple correlation coefficient obtained by correlating the two variables 
B)  r2 varies between 0 and 1 
C)  r2 signifies the proportion of the total variation in Y accounted for by the variation in X 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  r2 is the square of the simple correlation coefficient obtained by correlating the two variables 
B)  r2 varies between 0 and 1 
C)  r2 signifies the proportion of the total variation in Y accounted for by the variation in X 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 18

Which of the following hypotheses is best examined with a correlation analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men differ from women on average yearly clothing expenditures 
B)  Income level is related to average yearly clothing expenditures 
C)  Clothing expenditures are higher in northern states and lower in southern and southwestern states 
D)  Income, geographic location, and gender are predictive of yearly clothing expenditures 
E)  More retail clothing stores are located in the northeast than in the southwest 
A)  Men differ from women on average yearly clothing expenditures 
B)  Income level is related to average yearly clothing expenditures 
C)  Clothing expenditures are higher in northern states and lower in southern and southwestern states 
D)  Income, geographic location, and gender are predictive of yearly clothing expenditures 
E)  More retail clothing stores are located in the northeast than in the southwest

Exam 18: Measures of Association

Which of the following measures is used to assess the strength of relationships in cross-classification tables?

Which of the following measures is not used as a measure of association for nominal,nonparametric variables?

Proportional reduction in error statistics are used with _____.

Regression analysis seeks to _____.

The question of 'How strongly are sales related to price when the effect of brand loyalty is controlled?' is best answered using _____.

The assumption that data can be described by a straight line passing through the data array is called _____.

Which of the following is a measure of non-metric correlation?

Briefly explain how an analyst should interpret the r2 value in a regression analysis.

Statistics used to assess the strength of relationships for nominal data may be sensitive to all of the following except _____.

Which statistic below is a measure of association that uses table marginals to reduce prediction errors?

When a subject that ranks higher on one variable also ranks higher on the other variable,the pairs of observations are said to be _____.

A _____ occurs when subjects have the same value on the X variable,on the Y variable,or on both.

The _____ is the change in Y for a 1-unit change in X.

Zero slopes result when _______.

Bill wants to write the equation that demonstrates the model for explaining mid-life crisis.He is using optimism,locus of control,income,and years since completing college as explanatory variables.Which of the following equations is most appropriate?

The issue of _____ is reflected in the correlation between the number of sunny days in the year and the gains in the New York Stock Exchange.

In bivariate regression,which statement is true concerning the coefficient of determination,r2?

Which of the following hypotheses is best examined with a correlation analysis?

Research in Business

Ethics in Business Research

Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: an Overview

Clarifying the Research Question Through Secondary Data and Exploration

Research Design: An Overview

Qualitative Research

Observation Studies

Experiments

Surveys

Measurement

Measurement Scales

Questionnaires and Instruments

Sampling

Data Preparation and Description

Exploring,Displaying,and Examining Data

Hypothesis Testing

Presenting Insights and Findings: Written Reports

Presenting Insights and Findings: Oral Presentations

Appendix 1A: How the Industry Works

Appendix 5A and 5B: Bibliographic Database Searchers and Advanced Searches

Appendix 9B: Test Markets

Appendix: Multivariate Supplement

Filters

Briefly explain how an analyst should interpret the r² value in a regression analysis.

In bivariate regression,which statement is true concerning the coefficient of determination,r²?