Exam 18: The Laws of Thermodynamics

For a certain ideal Carnot engine,the hot reservoir is 35°C higher than the cold reservoir.If this engine is to have an efficiency of 20%,what must be the temperature of the hot reservoir?

An expansion process on an ideal diatomic ideal gas has a linear path between the initial and final coordinates on a pV diagram.The coordinates of the initial state are: the pressure is 300 kPa,the volume is And the temperature is The final pressure is And the final temperature is How much work is done by the gas during this process? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

A certain ideal gas has a molar specific heat at constant pressure of 33.2 J/mol ∙ K.Its molar specific heat at constant volume is closest to which of the following values? (R = 8.31J/mol ∙ K)

During an isothermal process,5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas.What is the change in internal (thermal)energy of the gas?

A heat engine having the maximum possible efficiency has an efficiency of 25% when operating between two heat reservoirs.If the temperature of the cold reservoir is 300 K,what is the temperature of the hot reservoir?

A sample of ideal monatomic gas is cooled by 50.0°C at constant volume by removing 831 J of energy from it.How many moles of gas are in the sample? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

A fluid in an insulated,flexible bottle is heated by a high resistance wire and expands.If Of heat is applied to the system and it does Of work,how much does the internal (thermal)energy of the fluid change?

The figure shows a pV diagram for an ideal gas that is carried around a cyclic process.How much work is done in one cycle if p₀ = And L? (1.00 atm = 101 kPa)

An ideal Carnot engine operates between a warm reservoir at 233 K and a colder reservoir.During each cycle,this engine extracts Of heat from the warm reservoir and does Of work.What is the temperature of the colder reservoir?

A heat pump with a performance coefficient (COP)of 4.9 absorbs heat from the atmosphere at a rate of At what rate is work being done to run this heat pump?

For an ideal gas,

The figure shows a pV diagram for 8.3 g of ideal nitrogen gas N₂ in a sealed container.The temperature of state 1 is 59°C,the atomic mass of the nitrogen atom is 14 g/mol,and R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K.What are (a)pressure p₁ and (b)temperature T₂?

The gas in a perfectly insulated but flexible container does work at a rate of At what rate is the internal (thermal)energy of the gas changing?

The ocean thermal energy conversion project uses the surface water near tropical islands with a temperature of 20°C as the hot temperature reservoir,and the water at some depth,with a temperature of 5.0°C,as the cold temperature reservoir for a heat engine.What is the maximum possible efficiency of an engine running between those two temperatures?

An ideal gas is compressed isothermally to one-third of its initial volume.The resulting pressure will be

The figure shows a pV diagram for 0.98 mol of ideal gas that undergoes the process 1 → 2.The gas then undergoes an isochoric heating from point 2 until the pressure is restored to the value it had at point 1.What is the final temperature of the gas? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K).

A certain ideal gas has a molar specific heat at constant pressure of 7R/2.What is its molar specific heat at constant volume?

An air conditioner with a coefficient of performance of 3.50 uses 30.0 kW of power to operate.What power is it discharging to the outdoors?

If the efficiency of a Carnot engine were to be 100%,the heat sink would have to be

The temperature of an ideal gas in a sealed rigid 0.20- Container is reduced from 360 K to And the final pressure of the gas is How much work is done by the gas during this process? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)