Question 1

If we add 700 J of heat to 12 moles of an ideal monatomic gas at constant volume,what will be the change in temperature of the gas? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

Accepted Answer

A) 4.7 K 
B) 5.2 K 
C) 5.8 J 
D) 6.8 K 
E) 9.3 K 
A) 4.7 K 
B) 5.2 K 
C) 5.8 J 
D) 6.8 K 
E) 9.3 K

Question 2

An ideal Carnot heat engine has an efficiency of 0.600.If it operates between a deep lake with a constant temperature of  
And a hot reservoir,what is the temperature of the hot reservoir?

Accepted Answer

A) 735 K 
B) 490 K 
C) 470 K 
D) 784 K 
A) 735 K 
B) 490 K 
C) 470 K 
D) 784 K

Question 3

The process shown on the TV graph in the figure is an

Accepted Answer

A) adiabatic compression. 
B) isothermal compression. 
C) isochoric compression. 
D) isobaric compression. 
A) adiabatic compression. 
B) isothermal compression. 
C) isochoric compression. 
D) isobaric compression.

Question 4

A gas expands from an initial volume of 0.040 m3 to a final volume of 0.085 m3 while its pressure increases linearly with the volume (so that the process follows a straight-line path in a pV diagram)from 110 kPa to 225 kPa.How much work is done by the gas during this expansion?

Accepted Answer

A) 5.2 kJ 
B) 7.5 kJ 
C) 7.8 kJ 
D) 11 kJ 
E) 12 kJ 
A) 5.2 kJ 
B) 7.5 kJ 
C) 7.8 kJ 
D) 11 kJ 
E) 12 kJ

Question 5

A heat engine with an efficiency of 30% performs 2500 J of work.How much heat is discharged to the lower temperature reservoir?

Accepted Answer

A) 5800 J 
B) 8300 J 
C) 750 J 
D) 1400 J 
E) 7100 J 
A) 5800 J 
B) 8300 J 
C) 750 J 
D) 1400 J 
E) 7100 J

Question 6

The figure shows a pV diagram for 0.0077 mol of ideal gas that undergoes the process 1 → 2 → 3.What is the volume V3? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

Accepted Answer

A) 770   
B) 0   
C) 0   
D) 400   
A) 770   
B) 0   
C) 0   
D) 400

Question 7

When water at 0°C freezes,the entropy of the water

Accepted Answer

A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) remains constant. 
D) could either increase or decrease;it depends on other factors. 
A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) remains constant. 
D) could either increase or decrease;it depends on other factors.

Question 8

An ideal Carnot heat engine operates between  
And  
What is its efficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.38 
B) 0.62 
C) 0.61 
D) 1.61 
A) 0.38 
B) 0.62 
C) 0.61 
D) 1.61

Question 9

A Carnot air conditioner has a coefficient of performance of 17.0 and removes 72.0 MJ of heat from the interior of a house every hour.How much power does it consume?

Accepted Answer

A) 1180 W 
B) 1320 W 
C) 520 kW 
D) 3.14 MW 
E) 1.25 MW 
A) 1180 W 
B) 1320 W 
C) 520 kW 
D) 3.14 MW 
E) 1.25 MW

Question 10

An external heat source supplies heat to a system at a rate of 187 W as the system does work at a rate of 131 W.At what rate is the internal (thermal)energy of the system changing?

Accepted Answer

A) -56 W 
B) 320 W 
C) 56 W 
D) 190 W 
E) -320 W 
A) -56 W 
B) 320 W 
C) 56 W 
D) 190 W 
E) -320 W

Question 11

A nuclear power plant has an actual efficiency of 33%.If  
Of energy are released from fission,how much electric power does the power plant produce?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.063 MW 
B) 6.3 MW 
C) 25 MW 
D) 0.25 MW 
A) 0.063 MW 
B) 6.3 MW 
C) 25 MW 
D) 0.25 MW

Question 12

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion.During this process,its entropy

Accepted Answer

A) decreases. 
B) remains unchanged. 
C) increases. 
D) cannot be predicted from the data given. 
A) decreases. 
B) remains unchanged. 
C) increases. 
D) cannot be predicted from the data given.

Question 13

A gas expands from an initial volume of 30.0 L to a final volume of 65.0 L at a constant pressure of 110 kPa.How much work is done by the gas during this expansion?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.85 kJ 
B) 10.4 kJ 
C) 3850 kJ 
D) 10.4 MJ 
E) 3.85 MJ 
A) 3.85 kJ 
B) 10.4 kJ 
C) 3850 kJ 
D) 10.4 MJ 
E) 3.85 MJ

Question 14

A compression at a constant pressure of 200 kPa is performed on 8.00 moles of an ideal monatomic gas.The compression reduces the volume of the gas from  
To  
How much work was done by the gas during this process?

Accepted Answer

A) -16 kJ 
B) 16 kJ 
C) -40 kJ 
D) 40 kJ 
E) 0 kJ 
A) -16 kJ 
B) 16 kJ 
C) -40 kJ 
D) 40 kJ 
E) 0 kJ

Question 15

An ideal Carnot engine is operated as an air conditioner to cool a house in the summer.The air conditioner removes  
Of heat per second from the house,and maintains the inside temperature at  
While the outside temperature is  
The power required to run the air conditioner under these operating conditions is closest to

Accepted Answer

A) 3,600 W. 
B) 4,400 W. 
C) 5,100 W. 
D) 5,800 W. 
E) 6,600 W. 
A) 3,600 W. 
B) 4,400 W. 
C) 5,100 W. 
D) 5,800 W. 
E) 6,600 W.

Question 16

Which one of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A) The second law of thermodynamics is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) It is possible for heat to flow spontaneously from a hot body to a cold one or from a cold one to a hot one,depending on whether or not the process is reversible or irreversible. 
C) It is not possible to convert work entirely into heat. 
D) It is impossible to transfer heat from a cooler to a hotter body. 
E) All of these statements are false. 
A) The second law of thermodynamics is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) It is possible for heat to flow spontaneously from a hot body to a cold one or from a cold one to a hot one,depending on whether or not the process is reversible or irreversible. 
C) It is not possible to convert work entirely into heat. 
D) It is impossible to transfer heat from a cooler to a hotter body. 
E) All of these statements are false.

Question 17

The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J.What is the change in internal (thermal)energy of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 J 
B) -400 J 
C) 400 J 
D) 200 J 
A) 0 J 
B) -400 J 
C) 400 J 
D) 200 J

Question 18

Two processes are shown on the pV diagram in the figure.One of them is an adiabat and the other one is an isotherm.Which process is the isotherm?

Accepted Answer

A) process A 
B) process B 
C) The processes shown are neither isotherms nor adiabats. 
D) It is not possible to tell without knowing if the gas is monatomic or diatomic. 
A) process A 
B) process B 
C) The processes shown are neither isotherms nor adiabats. 
D) It is not possible to tell without knowing if the gas is monatomic or diatomic.

Question 19

An ideal Carnot engine extracts 529 J of heat from a high-temperature reservoir during each cycle,and rejects  
Of heat to a low-temperature reservoir during the same cycle.What is the efficiency of the engine?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.57 
B) 1.35 
C) 2.35 
D) 0.7 
A) 0.57 
B) 1.35 
C) 2.35 
D) 0.7

Question 20

An ideal Carnot engine has an efficiency of 83.0% and performs 4500 J of work every cycle.How much energy is discharged to the lower temperature reservoir every cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) 920 J 
B) 830 J 
C) 740 J 
D) 3700 J 
E) 5400 J 
A) 920 J 
B) 830 J 
C) 740 J 
D) 3700 J 
E) 5400 J

Exam 18: The Laws of Thermodynamics

If we add 700 J of heat to 12 moles of an ideal monatomic gas at constant volume,what will be the change in temperature of the gas? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

An ideal Carnot heat engine has an efficiency of 0.600.If it operates between a deep lake with a constant temperature of And a hot reservoir,what is the temperature of the hot reservoir?

The process shown on the TV graph in the figure is an

A gas expands from an initial volume of 0.040 m3 to a final volume of 0.085 m3 while its pressure increases linearly with the volume (so that the process follows a straight-line path in a pV diagram)from 110 kPa to 225 kPa.How much work is done by the gas during this expansion?

A heat engine with an efficiency of 30% performs 2500 J of work.How much heat is discharged to the lower temperature reservoir?

The figure shows a pV diagram for 0.0077 mol of ideal gas that undergoes the process 1 → 2 → 3.What is the volume V3? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)

When water at 0°C freezes,the entropy of the water

An ideal Carnot heat engine operates between And What is its efficiency?

A Carnot air conditioner has a coefficient of performance of 17.0 and removes 72.0 MJ of heat from the interior of a house every hour.How much power does it consume?

An external heat source supplies heat to a system at a rate of 187 W as the system does work at a rate of 131 W.At what rate is the internal (thermal)energy of the system changing?

A nuclear power plant has an actual efficiency of 33%.If Of energy are released from fission,how much electric power does the power plant produce?

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion.During this process,its entropy

A gas expands from an initial volume of 30.0 L to a final volume of 65.0 L at a constant pressure of 110 kPa.How much work is done by the gas during this expansion?

A compression at a constant pressure of 200 kPa is performed on 8.00 moles of an ideal monatomic gas.The compression reduces the volume of the gas from To How much work was done by the gas during this process?

Which one of the following is a true statement?

The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J.What is the change in internal (thermal)energy of the gas?

Two processes are shown on the pV diagram in the figure.One of them is an adiabat and the other one is an isotherm.Which process is the isotherm?

An ideal Carnot engine extracts 529 J of heat from a high-temperature reservoir during each cycle,and rejects Of heat to a low-temperature reservoir during the same cycle.What is the efficiency of the engine?

An ideal Carnot engine has an efficiency of 83.0% and performs 4500 J of work every cycle.How much energy is discharged to the lower temperature reservoir every cycle?

Introduction to Physics

One-Dimensional Kinematics

Vectors in Physics

Two-Dimensional Kinematics

Newtons Laws of Motion

Applications of Newtons Laws

Work and Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

Linear Momentum and Collisions

Rotational Kinematics and Energy

Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium

Gravity

Oscillations About Equilibrium

Waves and Sound

Fluids

Temperature and Heat

Phases and Phase Changes

Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields

Electric Potential and Electric

Electric Current and Direct-Current Circuits

Magnetism

Magnetic Flux and Faradays Law of Induction

Alternating-Current Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

Geometrical Optics

Optical Instruments

Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction

Relativity

Quantum Physics

Atomic Physics

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A gas expands from an initial volume of 0.040 m³ to a final volume of 0.085 m³ while its pressure increases linearly with the volume (so that the process follows a straight-line path in a pV diagram)from 110 kPa to 225 kPa.How much work is done by the gas during this expansion?

The figure shows a pV diagram for 0.0077 mol of ideal gas that undergoes the process 1 → 2 → 3.What is the volume V₃? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K)