Exam 17: Phases and Phase Changes

How much heat must be added to a 8.0-kg block of ice at -8°C to change it to water at The specific heat of ice is 2050 J/kg ∙ °C,the specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg ∙ °C,the latent heat of fusion of ice is 334,000 J/kg,and 1 cal = 4.186 J.

A solid steel column is 4.0 m long and 0.20 m in diameter.Young's modulus for this steel is 2.0 × 10¹¹ N/m².By what distance does the column shrink when a 5000-kg truck is supported by it?

A .20-kg ice cube at 0.0°C has sufficient heat added to it to cause total melting,and the resulting water is heated to 70.0 °C. How much heat is added? For water L_F = 334,000 J/kg,L_V = 2.256 × 10⁶ J/kg,the c = 4.186 x 10³ J/kg ∙C.

A 2,294-kg sample of water at 0° C is cooled to -36 ° C, And freezes in the process.How much heat is liberated? For water L_F = 334,000 J/kg and L_V = 2.256 × 10⁶ J/kg.The specific heat of ice is 2050 J/kg ∙ K.

Oxygen molecules are 16 times more massive than hydrogen molecules.At a given temperature,how do their average molecular speeds compare? The oxygen molecules are moving

A gas-filled vertical cylinder,closed at the bottom end,is fitted at the top with a piston that can move freely.The mass of the piston is 10.0 kg,and the initial height of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder is 25 cm.A mass of 8.0 kg is placed on the piston.What is the resulting height of the piston,assuming that the temperature of the ideal gas is kept constant?

A 40.0-g block of ice at -15.00°C is dropped into a calorimeter (of negligible heat capacity)containing water at 15.00°C.When equilibrium is reached,the final temperature is 8.00°C.How much water did the calorimeter contain initially? The specific heat of ice is 2090 J/kg ∙ K,that of water is 4186 J/kg ∙ K,and the latent heat of fusion of water is 33.5 × 10⁴ J/kg.

A fixed container holds oxygen and helium gases at the same temperature.Which of the following statements are correct? (There could be more than one correct choice. )

A person makes iced tea by adding ice to 1.8 kg of hot tea,initially at 80°C.How many kilograms of ice,initially at 0°C,are required to bring the mixture to 10°C? The specific heat of water (and tea)is 4186 J/kg ∙ K,and the latent heat of fusion of ice is 3.34 × 10⁵ J/kg.

A cable is 100-m long and has a cross-sectional area of 1.0 mm².A 1000-N force is applied to stretch the cable.Young's modulus for the cable is 1.0 × 10¹¹ N/m².How far does the cable stretch?

A 0.40- m³. Gas tank holds 7.0 moles of ideal diatomic nitrogen gas at a temperature of 290 K. The atomic mass of nitrogen is 14.0 g/mol. What is the pressure of the gas? (R = 8.31 J/mol ∙ K,1 atm = 101 kPa)

An ideal gas is held in a container of volume V at pressure p.The rms speed of a gas molecule under these conditions is v.If now the volume and pressure are changed to 2V and 2p,the rms speed of a molecule will be

Heat is added to a 3.0 kg piece of ice at a rate of How long will it take for the ice at 0.0° C to melt? For water L_F = 334,000 J/kg and L_V = 2.246 × 10⁶ J/kg.

When a 125-kg piece of equipment is hung from a steel wire of diameter 6.00 mm,it stretches the wire by 4.00 mm.If instead the wire had a diameter of 3.00 mm,but all else were the same,by what distance would the same equipment stretch the wire?

If an ideal gas molecule has a speed of 0.50 km/s at 20°C,what is its speed at 80°C?

Dust particles in a grain elevator frequently have masses of the order of 1.0 × 10^-9 kg.If,to a first approximation,we model the dust particles as an ideal gas,what would be the rms speed of such a particle in air at 27°C? The Boltzmann constant is 1.38 × 10^-23 J/K .

A quantity of an ideal gas is kept in a rigid container of constant volume.If the gas is originally at a temperature of 19°C,at what temperature will the pressure of the gas double from its original value?

A 360-g metal container,insulated on the outside,holds 180.0 g of water in thermal equilibrium at 22.0°C.A 24.0-g ice cube,at the melting point,is dropped into the water,and when thermal equilibrium is reached the temperature is 15.0°C.Assume there is no heat exchange with the surroundings.For water,the specific heat capacity is 4190 J/kg ∙ K and the heat of fusion is 3.34 × 10⁵ J/kg.What is the specific heat capacity of the metal of the container?

Two experimental runs are performed to determine the calorimetric properties of an alcohol which has a melting point of -10° C.In the first run,a 200-g cube of frozen alcohol,at the melting point,is added to 300 g of water at 20°C in a styrofoam container.When thermal equilibrium is reached,the alcohol-water solution is at a temperature of 5°C.In the second run,an identical cube of alcohol is added to 500 g of water at 20°C and the temperature at thermal equilibrium is 10°C.The specific heat capacity of water is 4190 J/kg ∙ K.Assume no heat is exchanged with the styrofoam container and the surroundings.What is the specific heat capacity of the alcohol?

A runner generates 1260 W of thermal energy.If this heat has to be removed only by evaporation,how much water does this runner lose in 15 minutes of running? The latent heat of vaporization of water is .