Question 1

Describe some typical features of a restriction enzyme recognition sequence.

Accepted Answer

Restriction enzyme recognition sequences

Question 2

Organisms that are considered polyploid have:

Accepted Answer

A) more than one genome. 
B) more than two copies of each chromosome. 
C) only one copy of each chromosome. 
D) multiple copies of a specific chromosome. 
A) more than one genome. 
B) more than two copies of each chromosome. 
C) only one copy of each chromosome. 
D) multiple copies of a specific chromosome.

Question 3

In situ hybridization is a powerful tool used in gene expression studies because it provides the investigator with information pertaining to

Accepted Answer

A) the cellular and tissue-specific localization of the mRNA encoded by a particular gene. 
B) the activity of the protein translated from a particular mRNA. 
C) the size of the mRNA transcript. 
D) all of the above 
A) the cellular and tissue-specific localization of the mRNA encoded by a particular gene. 
B) the activity of the protein translated from a particular mRNA. 
C) the size of the mRNA transcript. 
D) all of the above

Question 4

Microsatellites,which often vary in DNA sequence between individuals,are also called:

Accepted Answer

A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms. 
B) nucleotide tandem replacements. 
C) short tandem repeats. 
D) autosomal dominant polymorphism. 
A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms. 
B) nucleotide tandem replacements. 
C) short tandem repeats. 
D) autosomal dominant polymorphism.

Question 5

Modifying the DNA sequence of a gene of interest by appending to it a DNA sequence that encodes a stretch of amino acids recognized by a known monoclonal antibody is called:

Accepted Answer

A) epitope tagging. 
B) in situ hybridization. 
C) polymerase chain reaction. 
D) next-generation sequencing. 
A) epitope tagging. 
B) in situ hybridization. 
C) polymerase chain reaction. 
D) next-generation sequencing.

Question 6

How can linkage analysis determine the position of genes on a chromosome?

Accepted Answer

Linkage analysis examines the frequency

Question 7

A mutation that changes a cysteine codon to a tryptophan codon is called a

Accepted Answer

A) missense mutation. 
B) nonsense mutation. 
C) silent mutation. 
D) none of the above. 
A) missense mutation. 
B) nonsense mutation. 
C) silent mutation. 
D) none of the above.

Question 8

A mutation in one gene that counteracts the effects of a mutation in another gene is known as a

Accepted Answer

A) temperature-sensitive mutation. 
B) recessive mutation. 
C) conditional mutation. 
D) suppressor mutation. 
A) temperature-sensitive mutation. 
B) recessive mutation. 
C) conditional mutation. 
D) suppressor mutation.

Question 9

In RNA interference studies,the double-stranded RNA

Accepted Answer

A) disrupts the target DNA sequence. 
B) results in the destruction of the target mRNA. 
C) destroys the target protein. 
D) all of the above 
A) disrupts the target DNA sequence. 
B) results in the destruction of the target mRNA. 
C) destroys the target protein. 
D) all of the above

Question 10

How does genetic heterogeneity or polygenic traits make the identification of a disease gene more difficult?

Accepted Answer

Some inherited diseases result from a mu

Question 11

Sequencing methods were used to test the integrity of the cDNA library and when this was done you found many of the sequences were those found in introns.After troubleshooting you determined that the reason these intronic sequences were present was because during the construction of this cDNA library:

Accepted Answer

A) genomic DNA was present. 
B) retroviral DNA was a contaminant. 
C) endonucleases should have been added. 
D) RNA polymerase was present. 
A) genomic DNA was present. 
B) retroviral DNA was a contaminant. 
C) endonucleases should have been added. 
D) RNA polymerase was present.

Question 12

Linkage studies can map disease genes with a resolution of about one centimorgan.Typically,the physical distance of a DNA region this size is approximately:

Accepted Answer

A) 7.5 × 10² base pairs 
B) 7.5 × 10³ base pairs 
C) 7.5 × 10⁴ base pairs 
D) 7.5 × 10⁵ base pairs 
A) 7.5 × 10² base pairs 
B) 7.5 × 10³ base pairs 
C) 7.5 × 10⁴ base pairs 
D) 7.5 × 10⁵ base pairs

Question 13

Which of the following series of steps does the polymerase chain reaction follow in order to amplify DNA in a test tube?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA denaturation,primer elongation,primer annealing 
B) primer annealing,DNA ligation,primer elongation 
C) primer elongation,primer annealing,DNA ligation 
D) DNA denaturation,primer annealing,primer elongation 
A) DNA denaturation,primer elongation,primer annealing 
B) primer annealing,DNA ligation,primer elongation 
C) primer elongation,primer annealing,DNA ligation 
D) DNA denaturation,primer annealing,primer elongation

Question 14

Which human disease is the result of an inherited X-liked recessive mutation?

Accepted Answer

A) Tay-Sachs disease 
B) Duchenne muscular dystrophy 
C) cystic fibrosis 
D) none of the above 
A) Tay-Sachs disease 
B) Duchenne muscular dystrophy 
C) cystic fibrosis 
D) none of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is a functional element of a plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A) origin of replication 
B) drug-resistance gene 
C) polylinker sequence 
D) all of the above 
A) origin of replication 
B) drug-resistance gene 
C) polylinker sequence 
D) all of the above

Question 16

A haplotype is a set of closely linked genetic markers on a particular chromosome that tend to be inherited together.The genetic technique that looks at inheritance patterns and uses haplotypes in determining gene locations is:

Accepted Answer

A) linkage mapping. 
B) linkage disequilibrium mapping. 
C) candidate gene approach. 
D) all of the above 
A) linkage mapping. 
B) linkage disequilibrium mapping. 
C) candidate gene approach. 
D) all of the above

Question 17

In addition to sequencing,intronic sequences can be identified in a genomic DNA library using which of the following methods?

Accepted Answer

A) Southern blotting 
B) in situ hybridization 
C) PCR 
D) Southern blotting and PCR 
A) Southern blotting 
B) in situ hybridization 
C) PCR 
D) Southern blotting and PCR

Question 18

A step in the generation of knockout mutations in mice includes selection of embryonic stem (ES)cells that are

Accepted Answer

A) resistant to G418 and resistant to ganciclovir. 
B) sensitive to G418 and resistant to ganciclovir. 
C) resistant to G418 and sensitive to ganciclovir. 
D) sensitive to G418 and sensitive to ganciclovir. 
A) resistant to G418 and resistant to ganciclovir. 
B) sensitive to G418 and resistant to ganciclovir. 
C) resistant to G418 and sensitive to ganciclovir. 
D) sensitive to G418 and sensitive to ganciclovir.

Question 19

You are growing a population of cells that appear to be resistant to G418,a chemical that is normally toxic to cells.Upon further analysis of the cells' genome you find that it contains a genomic sequence that encodes the protein neomycin phosphotransferase.What would you do to test if this protein confers resistance to the G418 chemical?

Accepted Answer

A) determine if the cells are also making β-galactosidase 
B) tag the protein with green fluorescent protein to see if it is degraded by G418 
C) label a fragment of the gene to see where it is expressed 
D) clone the gene into a G418-sensitive cell line,then treat these cells with G418 
A) determine if the cells are also making β-galactosidase 
B) tag the protein with green fluorescent protein to see if it is degraded by G418 
C) label a fragment of the gene to see where it is expressed 
D) clone the gene into a G418-sensitive cell line,then treat these cells with G418

Question 20

In the large-scale production of a particular human protein in E.coli cells,the cDNA corresponding to the protein was modified so that the expressed protein would have six histidine residues at the C-terminus.The purpose of this modification was to

Accepted Answer

A) facilitate transfer of the cDNA into the E.coli cells. 
B) provide a promoter for the transcription of the cDNA in E.coli. 
C) facilitate purification of the expressed protein though binding to an affinity column containing chelated nickel atoms. 
D) prevent degradation of the expressed protein by E.coli proteases. 
A) facilitate transfer of the cDNA into the E.coli cells. 
B) provide a promoter for the transcription of the cDNA in E.coli. 
C) facilitate purification of the expressed protein though binding to an affinity column containing chelated nickel atoms. 
D) prevent degradation of the expressed protein by E.coli proteases.

Exam 2: Molecular Genetic Techniques

Describe some typical features of a restriction enzyme recognition sequence.

Organisms that are considered polyploid have:

In situ hybridization is a powerful tool used in gene expression studies because it provides the investigator with information pertaining to

Microsatellites,which often vary in DNA sequence between individuals,are also called:

Modifying the DNA sequence of a gene of interest by appending to it a DNA sequence that encodes a stretch of amino acids recognized by a known monoclonal antibody is called:

How can linkage analysis determine the position of genes on a chromosome?

A mutation that changes a cysteine codon to a tryptophan codon is called a

A mutation in one gene that counteracts the effects of a mutation in another gene is known as a

In RNA interference studies,the double-stranded RNA

How does genetic heterogeneity or polygenic traits make the identification of a disease gene more difficult?

Linkage studies can map disease genes with a resolution of about one centimorgan.Typically,the physical distance of a DNA region this size is approximately:

Which of the following series of steps does the polymerase chain reaction follow in order to amplify DNA in a test tube?

Which human disease is the result of an inherited X-liked recessive mutation?

Which of the following is a functional element of a plasmid?

A haplotype is a set of closely linked genetic markers on a particular chromosome that tend to be inherited together.The genetic technique that looks at inheritance patterns and uses haplotypes in determining gene locations is:

In addition to sequencing,intronic sequences can be identified in a genomic DNA library using which of the following methods?

A step in the generation of knockout mutations in mice includes selection of embryonic stem (ES)cells that are

In the large-scale production of a particular human protein in E.coli cells,the cDNA corresponding to the protein was modified so that the expressed protein would have six histidine residues at the C-terminus.The purpose of this modification was to

Chemical Foundations

Protein Structure and Function

Culturing and Visualizing Cells

Fundamental Molecular Genetic Mechanisms

Bio-membrane Structure

Genes Genomics and Chromosomes

Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression

Post-Transcriptional Gene Control

Transmembrane Transport of Ions and Small Molecules

Cellular Energetics

Moving Proteins Into Membranes and Organelles

Vesicular Traffic, Secretion, and Endocytosis

Signal Transduction and G-Protein Coupled Receptors

Signaling Pathways That Control Gene Activity

Cell Organization and Movement I: Microfilaments

Cell Organization and Movement II: Microtubules and Intermediate Filaments

Regulating the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

Integrating Cells Into Tissues

Cell Birth, Lineage, and Death

Nerve Cells

Immunology

Cancer

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