Question 1

The mRNA must contain the following to allow for initiation of protein synthesis in E.coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  A purine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome. 
B)  A pyrimidine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome. 
C)  A Shine-Delgarno sequence. 
D)  A purine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome and a Shine-Delgarno sequence. 
E)  A pyrimidine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome and a Shine-Delgarno sequence. 
A)  A purine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome. 
B)  A pyrimidine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome. 
C)  A Shine-Delgarno sequence. 
D)  A purine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome and a Shine-Delgarno sequence. 
E)  A pyrimidine rich sequence to bind to the ribosome and a Shine-Delgarno sequence.

Question 2

Which of the following is associated with post-translational processing of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Folding into the 3-dimensional shape 
B)  Breaking large proteins into several components with differing functions 
C)  Forming disulfide bonds 
D)  Modification of specific amino acids 
E)  All of these 
A)  Folding into the 3-dimensional shape 
B)  Breaking large proteins into several components with differing functions 
C)  Forming disulfide bonds 
D)  Modification of specific amino acids 
E)  All of these

Question 3

Which of the following is not a prokaryotic elongation factor?A

Accepted Answer

A)  EF-Tu 
B)  EF-Ts 
C)  EF-G 
D)  EF-P 
E)  all of these are prokaryotic elognation factors 
A)  EF-Tu 
B)  EF-Ts 
C)  EF-G 
D)  EF-P 
E)  all of these are prokaryotic elognation factors

Question 4

Which of the following is not a function of initiation factors in E.coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prevent the ribosomal subunits from binding together. 
B)  Lead the initial tRNA to its correct position on the large subunit of the ribosome. 
C)  Help the mRNA to bind to the tRNA. 
D)  Carry GTP to provide energy for certain steps in the initiation process. 
E)  The initiation factors do all of these. 
A)  Prevent the ribosomal subunits from binding together. 
B)  Lead the initial tRNA to its correct position on the large subunit of the ribosome. 
C)  Help the mRNA to bind to the tRNA. 
D)  Carry GTP to provide energy for certain steps in the initiation process. 
E)  The initiation factors do all of these.

Question 5

Activation of amino acids always takes place

Accepted Answer

A)  on the ribosomes 
B)  on a ribosomal subunit 
C)  on the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  in the cytoplasm 
A)  on the ribosomes 
B)  on a ribosomal subunit 
C)  on the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  in the cytoplasm

Question 6

As in RNA and DNA synthesis,the synthesis of proteins follows the following steps,except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of monomers 
B)  Initiation 
C)  Elongation 
D)  Termination 
E)  All of these are involved in all polymer synthesis 
A)  Activation of monomers 
B)  Initiation 
C)  Elongation 
D)  Termination 
E)  All of these are involved in all polymer synthesis

Question 7

The first tRNA (bearing fmet) binds to the

Accepted Answer

A)  "A" site of the ribosome. 
B)  "P" site on the ribosome. 
C)  "E" site on the ribosome. 
A)  "A" site of the ribosome. 
B)  "P" site on the ribosome. 
C)  "E" site on the ribosome.

Question 8

Which of the following is not an advantage of degeneracy in the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A)  More than one amino acid can bind to a tRNA. 
B)  Each tRNA can bind to more than one codon. 
C)  Most codons can bind to more than one tRNA. 
D)  Fewer tRNA molecules are needed. 
A)  More than one amino acid can bind to a tRNA. 
B)  Each tRNA can bind to more than one codon. 
C)  Most codons can bind to more than one tRNA. 
D)  Fewer tRNA molecules are needed.

Question 9

HIF-1 is related to which process?

Accepted Answer

A)  How we adapt to high altitude 
B)  Pain tolerance 
C)  Transcription attenuation 
D)  all of these 
A)  How we adapt to high altitude 
B)  Pain tolerance 
C)  Transcription attenuation 
D)  all of these

Question 10

Which of following best describes the two-step process for adding amino acids to tRNAs? AA = amino acid,Pi = phosphate,PPi = pyrophosphate

Accepted Answer

A)  AA + ATP AA-P + ADP; AA-P + tRNA AA-tRNA + Pi 
B)  AA + ATP AA-AMP + PPi; AA-AMP + tRNA AA-tRNA + AMP 
C)  tRNA + ATP tRNA-P + ADP; tRNA-P + AA AA-tRNA + Pi 
D)  tRNA + ATP tRNA-AMP + PPi; tRNA-AMP + AA AA-tRNA + AMP 
A)  AA + ATP AA-P + ADP; AA-P + tRNA AA-tRNA + Pi 
B)  AA + ATP AA-AMP + PPi; AA-AMP + tRNA AA-tRNA + AMP 
C)  tRNA + ATP tRNA-P + ADP; tRNA-P + AA AA-tRNA + Pi 
D)  tRNA + ATP tRNA-AMP + PPi; tRNA-AMP + AA AA-tRNA + AMP

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the assembly process to initiate translation in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  small ribosome subunit associates with large subunit; mRNA associates next; IFs bring in first f-Met-tRNA; bound NTP hydrolyzed. 
B)  IF binds f-Met-tRNA; small ribosome subunit associates next; mRNA associates next; then large subunit; bound NTP hydrolyzed. 
C)  IF w/ bound NTP binds f-Met-tRNA; mRNA associates next; small subunit associates next; bound NTP hydrolyzed; large subunit associates. 
D)  small subunit associates with mRNA; IF w/ bound NTP brings in first f-Met-tRNA; IF then hydrolyses bound NTP; large subunit associates 
A)  small ribosome subunit associates with large subunit; mRNA associates next; IFs bring in first f-Met-tRNA; bound NTP hydrolyzed. 
B)  IF binds f-Met-tRNA; small ribosome subunit associates next; mRNA associates next; then large subunit; bound NTP hydrolyzed. 
C)  IF w/ bound NTP binds f-Met-tRNA; mRNA associates next; small subunit associates next; bound NTP hydrolyzed; large subunit associates. 
D)  small subunit associates with mRNA; IF w/ bound NTP brings in first f-Met-tRNA; IF then hydrolyses bound NTP; large subunit associates

Question 12

N-formyl methionine

Accepted Answer

A) can be found attached to every protein in E.coli. 
B) can be found attached to some proteins in E.coli. 
C) is never found on proteins in E.coli. 
A) can be found attached to every protein in E.coli. 
B) can be found attached to some proteins in E.coli. 
C) is never found on proteins in E.coli.

Question 13

The amino acids are initially attached to either the 2' or 3' hydroxyl group of the tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is not true concerning silent mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Silent mutations refer to base sequence differences that do not change the amino acid coded for 
B)  Only changes in base sequence that lead to a different amino acid can have an effect on the organism 
C)  Changes in the sequence of an exonic splicing enhancers can lead faulty removal of introns 
D)  Silent mutations in a gene for pain tolerance has been correlated with human differences in perception of pain 
A)  Silent mutations refer to base sequence differences that do not change the amino acid coded for 
B)  Only changes in base sequence that lead to a different amino acid can have an effect on the organism 
C)  Changes in the sequence of an exonic splicing enhancers can lead faulty removal of introns 
D)  Silent mutations in a gene for pain tolerance has been correlated with human differences in perception of pain

Question 15

Which of the following codons does not code for an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  AUG 
B)  UAA 
C)  CAU 
D)  GUU 
E)  All of these code for an amino acid 
A)  AUG 
B)  UAA 
C)  CAU 
D)  GUU 
E)  All of these code for an amino acid

Question 16

An aminoacyl-tRNA is initially bound to the ribosome

Accepted Answer

A)  at the A site on the 50S subunit 
B)  at the P site on the 50S subunit 
C)  at the A site on the 30S subunit 
D)  at the P site on the 30S subunit 
A)  at the A site on the 50S subunit 
B)  at the P site on the 50S subunit 
C)  at the A site on the 30S subunit 
D)  at the P site on the 30S subunit

Question 17

Which of the following is not a function of elongation factors in E.coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Keep the ribosomal subunits bound together. 
B)  Lead the incoming tRNA to its correct position on the ribosome. 
C)  Carry GTP to provide energy for certain steps in the elongation process. 
D)  Regenerate the elongation factors by replacing GTP for GDP. 
E)  The elongation factors do all of these. 
A)  Keep the ribosomal subunits bound together. 
B)  Lead the incoming tRNA to its correct position on the ribosome. 
C)  Carry GTP to provide energy for certain steps in the elongation process. 
D)  Regenerate the elongation factors by replacing GTP for GDP. 
E)  The elongation factors do all of these.

Question 18

Which of the following is necessary for chain termination in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  termination codons of mRNA 
B)  release factors 
C)  GTP 
D)  all of these 
A)  termination codons of mRNA 
B)  release factors 
C)  GTP 
D)  all of these

Question 19

Which antibiotic confirmed that the growing peptide chain is transferred to the amino group of the incoming tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Puromycin 
B)  Streptomycin 
C)  Cyclohexamide 
D)  None of these antibiotics was useful for studying the mechanism of protein synthesis. 
E)  None of these antibiotics actually interferes with peptide transfer. 
A)  Puromycin 
B)  Streptomycin 
C)  Cyclohexamide 
D)  None of these antibiotics was useful for studying the mechanism of protein synthesis. 
E)  None of these antibiotics actually interferes with peptide transfer.

Question 20

Inosine or hypoxanthine can wobble with all the following bases,except:

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  C 
C)  T 
D)  U 
E)  Inosine can wobble with all of these bases. 
A)  A 
B)  C 
C)  T 
D)  U 
E)  Inosine can wobble with all of these bases.

Exam 12: Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

The mRNA must contain the following to allow for initiation of protein synthesis in E.coli?

Which of the following is associated with post-translational processing of proteins?

Which of the following is not a prokaryotic elongation factor?A

Which of the following is not a function of initiation factors in E.coli?

Activation of amino acids always takes place

As in RNA and DNA synthesis,the synthesis of proteins follows the following steps,except:

The first tRNA (bearing fmet) binds to the

Which of the following is not an advantage of degeneracy in the genetic code?

HIF-1 is related to which process?

Which of following best describes the two-step process for adding amino acids to tRNAs? AA = amino acid,Pi = phosphate,PPi = pyrophosphate

Which of the following best describes the assembly process to initiate translation in prokaryotes?

N-formyl methionine

The amino acids are initially attached to either the 2' or 3' hydroxyl group of the tRNA.

Which of the following is not true concerning silent mutations?

Which of the following codons does not code for an amino acid?

An aminoacyl-tRNA is initially bound to the ribosome

Which of the following is not a function of elongation factors in E.coli?

Which of the following is necessary for chain termination in protein synthesis?

Which antibiotic confirmed that the growing peptide chain is transferred to the amino group of the incoming tRNA?

Inosine or hypoxanthine can wobble with all the following bases,except:

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: The Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of Rna

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

Filters

Which of following best describes the two-step process for adding amino acids to tRNAs? AA = amino acid,P_i = phosphate,PP_i = pyrophosphate