Exam 5: Social Cognition

The belief that people can control totally chance situations is the ____.

Reducing errors and biasing by getting people to use deliberate rather than automatic processing is called ____.

When people make internal, stable attributions for others' successes or failures, these attributions tend to concern questions of ____.

Which of the following is the best example of a schema?

Richard is a piano major and enters two music competitions in the same month. He places first in one of the competitions, but doesn't place at all in the other. If Richard is like most people, he will probably ____.

Which of the following is an explanation for the false consensus effect, but not an explanation for the false uniqueness effect?

Research on conformity and attribution reveals that people are ____.

According to the false consensus effect, most people ____.

People apply the ____ exclusively to their own desirable behaviors.

Which of the following would be least helpful in debiasing your thinking?

Fritz Heider analyzed what he called "common sense psychology"-the ways in which people explain everyday events. He suggested that most people explain everyday events in terms of either ____ factors.

Describe the ironic consequences of thought suppression, and what strategies might work better to accomplish that same goal.

People are faster to classify the target word "flower" when it is preceded by the word "plant" than when it is preceded by the word "elephant." This effect is due to ____.

Jacob is taking his economics final exam. He answers question #31 with "D" but isn't sure about it. After answering all the other questions, he goes back to 31 and starts to believe that perhaps "C" was the right answer. He decides to stick with "D," most likely because of ____.

In informal surveys, people always overestimate the number of lesbians who have AIDS. Lesbians actually have extremely low rates of AIDS, but people tend to associate lesbians with gay men (who have relatively high rates). Thus, people tend to think that they see a lesbian-AIDS relationship when in fact there is no such relationship. This is a good example of the ____.

Suppose that you meet someone who is smart, adventurous, and highly knowledgeable about rockets and outer space. Even though there are not many astronauts in the world, you might immediately assume that this person is an astronaut just because he or she fits your image of what an astronaut is like. That is, you might ____ and rely on the ____.

You flip a coin ten times in a row. Every single time it comes up heads. On the eleventh flip, is it more likely to be heads, tails, or are heads and tails equally likely? If you are a hot hand player, you will answer ____.

The older students get, the more variance there is in their reading test scores. This pattern can be attributed to statistical regression.

People generally prefer to conserve effort by relying on automatic modes of thought (rather than conscious modes of thought) whenever they can. That is, people tend to ____.

Define and give an example of three heuristics that are discussed in the textbook.