Question 1

All of us come from a long and unbroken line of ancestors who accomplished two critical tasks: they _____,and they _____.

Accepted Answer

A) evolved to near perfection;were physically fit 
B) survived to old age;were strong 
C) left a long list of ancestors;mate guarded 
D) survived to reproductive age;reproduced 
A) evolved to near perfection;were physically fit 
B) survived to old age;were strong 
C) left a long list of ancestors;mate guarded 
D) survived to reproductive age;reproduced

Question 2

In life-or-death situations,the primary variable that predicts helping behavior is the _____ of the person in need of assistance.

Accepted Answer

A) age 
B) sex 
C) ethnicity 
D) environment 
A) age 
B) sex 
C) ethnicity 
D) environment

Question 3

The idea that adaptations solve specific,as opposed to general,adaptive problems is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) domain specificity. 
B) functionality. 
C) numerousness. 
D) species typicality. 
A) domain specificity. 
B) functionality. 
C) numerousness. 
D) species typicality.

Question 4

The theory of frequency-dependent selection suggests that as the number of women who use a restricted mating strategy for attracting men increases,the:

Accepted Answer

A) number of sexy sons increases. 
B) number of men willing to invest in their children increases. 
C) average success of the restricted mating strategy declines. 
D) restricted mating strategy becomes a characteristic at the level of human nature. 
A) number of sexy sons increases. 
B) number of men willing to invest in their children increases. 
C) average success of the restricted mating strategy declines. 
D) restricted mating strategy becomes a characteristic at the level of human nature.

Question 5

Buss and his colleagues found that women place more importance on earning capacity in potential mates than men do:

Accepted Answer

A) in a majority of the 37 cultures that were studied. 
B) only in the individualistic Western cultures that were studied. 
C) in cultures where men control more resources than do women. 
D) in the traditionally paternalistic cultures that were studieD. 
A) in a majority of the 37 cultures that were studied. 
B) only in the individualistic Western cultures that were studied. 
C) in cultures where men control more resources than do women. 
D) in the traditionally paternalistic cultures that were studieD.

Question 6

Men and women value _____ equally in potential mates,but men place more value on _____.

Accepted Answer

A) physical attractiveness;earning potential 
B) physical attractiveness;a good personality 
C) a good personality;physical attractiveness 
D) earning potential;physical attractiveness 
A) physical attractiveness;earning potential 
B) physical attractiveness;a good personality 
C) a good personality;physical attractiveness 
D) earning potential;physical attractiveness

Question 7

Anything that impedes survival or reproduction is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) evolutionary block. 
B) adaptive problem. 
C) evolutionary byproduct. 
D) systematic variation. 
A) evolutionary block. 
B) adaptive problem. 
C) evolutionary byproduct. 
D) systematic variation.

Question 8

According to van der Linden (2012),individuals who score high on K-strategy are hypothesized to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) have formed weak attachments to their biological parents 
B) have a risk-taking personality 
C) pursue short-term mating 
D) invest heavily in children 
A) have formed weak attachments to their biological parents 
B) have a risk-taking personality 
C) pursue short-term mating 
D) invest heavily in children

Question 9

The idea that a man might decide on a particular social strategy based on how he views himself is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) an environmental effect. 
B) an adaptive self-assessment. 
C) a frequency-dependent alternative strategy. 
D) xenophobia. 
A) an environmental effect. 
B) an adaptive self-assessment. 
C) a frequency-dependent alternative strategy. 
D) xenophobia.

Question 10

Which of the following species has the greatest degree of effective polygyny?

Accepted Answer

A) Elephant seals 
B) Chimpanzees 
C) Humans 
D) Dogs 
A) Elephant seals 
B) Chimpanzees 
C) Humans 
D) Dogs

Question 11

Buss and his colleagues found that when men imagined that their partners were committing sexual infidelity:

Accepted Answer

A) they became very aggressive and physically violent. 
B) they began plotting revenge on their partners. 
C) their heart rates and skin conductance increased. 
D) they had increased activity in the parasympathetic nervous system. 
A) they became very aggressive and physically violent. 
B) they began plotting revenge on their partners. 
C) their heart rates and skin conductance increased. 
D) they had increased activity in the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 12

Charles Darwin proposed the theory of sexual selection to account for:

Accepted Answer

A) how organisms respond to the hostile forces of nature. 
B) genetic diversity. 
C) an evolution of characteristics because of their mating benefits. 
D) the Freudian theory. 
A) how organisms respond to the hostile forces of nature. 
B) genetic diversity. 
C) an evolution of characteristics because of their mating benefits. 
D) the Freudian theory.

Question 13

According to Fitzgerald and Colarelli (2009),the tendency to help is a direct function of the degree of _____,especially in a life-or-death context.

Accepted Answer

A) financial success 
B) sexual dimorphism 
C) physical attractiveness 
D) genetic relatedness 
A) financial success 
B) sexual dimorphism 
C) physical attractiveness 
D) genetic relatedness

Question 14

Research on altruism has found that younger individuals are helped _____ than 45-year-old relatives and older individuals are helped _____ than 45-year-old relatives in everyday tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) less;less 
B) more;less 
C) more;more 
D) less;more 
A) less;less 
B) more;less 
C) more;more 
D) less;more

Question 15

Evolutionary theory predicts sex differences in jealousy due to:

Accepted Answer

A) sexual dimorphism. 
B) effective polygyny. 
C) paternal uncertainty. 
D) intrasexual competition. 
A) sexual dimorphism. 
B) effective polygyny. 
C) paternal uncertainty. 
D) intrasexual competition.

Question 16

_____ are the smallest discrete units that are inherited by offspring intact,without being broken up.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA molecules 
B) Adaptations 
C) Genes 
D) The byproducts of adaptations 
A) DNA molecules 
B) Adaptations 
C) Genes 
D) The byproducts of adaptations

Question 17

Research by Paul Ekman and his colleagues has demonstrated that emotional expression:

Accepted Answer

A) differs widely across cultures. 
B) can be identified by people in diverse cultures. 
C) can be identified by people in similar cultures only. 
D) serves no adaptive function. 
A) differs widely across cultures. 
B) can be identified by people in diverse cultures. 
C) can be identified by people in similar cultures only. 
D) serves no adaptive function.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an adaptive problem faced by women?

Accepted Answer

A) Finding a good mate 
B) Securing resources 
C) Parental uncertainty 
D) Mate guarding 
A) Finding a good mate 
B) Securing resources 
C) Parental uncertainty 
D) Mate guarding

Question 19

Competition that tends to be very intense among individuals using the same strategy may lead to the development of:

Accepted Answer

A) adaptive self-assessments. 
B) frequency-dependent alternative strategies. 
C) double-shot hypotheses. 
D) variant competitive strategies. 
A) adaptive self-assessments. 
B) frequency-dependent alternative strategies. 
C) double-shot hypotheses. 
D) variant competitive strategies.

Question 20

Which of the following terms can be defined as a reliably developing structure in an organism,which,because it meshes with the recurrent structure of the world,causes a solution to an accommodative problem?

Accepted Answer

A) Evocation 
B) Adaptation 
C) Evolutionary noise 
D) Perceptual sensitivity 
A) Evocation 
B) Adaptation 
C) Evolutionary noise 
D) Perceptual sensitivity

All of us come from a long and unbroken line of ancestors who accomplished two critical tasks: they _,and they _.

In life-or-death situations,the primary variable that predicts helping behavior is the _____ of the person in need of assistance.

The idea that adaptations solve specific,as opposed to general,adaptive problems is known as:

The theory of frequency-dependent selection suggests that as the number of women who use a restricted mating strategy for attracting men increases,the:

Buss and his colleagues found that women place more importance on earning capacity in potential mates than men do:

Men and women value _ equally in potential mates,but men place more value on _.

Anything that impedes survival or reproduction is a(n):

According to van der Linden (2012),individuals who score high on K-strategy are hypothesized to _____.

The idea that a man might decide on a particular social strategy based on how he views himself is an example of:

Which of the following species has the greatest degree of effective polygyny?

Buss and his colleagues found that when men imagined that their partners were committing sexual infidelity:

Charles Darwin proposed the theory of sexual selection to account for:

According to Fitzgerald and Colarelli (2009),the tendency to help is a direct function of the degree of _____,especially in a life-or-death context.

Research on altruism has found that younger individuals are helped _ than 45-year-old relatives and older individuals are helped _ than 45-year-old relatives in everyday tasks.

Evolutionary theory predicts sex differences in jealousy due to:

_____ are the smallest discrete units that are inherited by offspring intact,without being broken up.

Research by Paul Ekman and his colleagues has demonstrated that emotional expression:

Which of the following is NOT an adaptive problem faced by women?

Competition that tends to be very intense among individuals using the same strategy may lead to the development of:

Which of the following terms can be defined as a reliably developing structure in an organism,which,because it meshes with the recurrent structure of the world,causes a solution to an accommodative problem?

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex,Gender,and Personality

Culture and Personality

Stress,Coping,Adjustment,and Health

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

Exam 8: Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality

All of us come from a long and unbroken line of ancestors who accomplished two critical tasks: they _____,and they _____.

In life-or-death situations,the primary variable that predicts helping behavior is the _____ of the person in need of assistance.

The idea that adaptations solve specific,as opposed to general,adaptive problems is known as:

The theory of frequency-dependent selection suggests that as the number of women who use a restricted mating strategy for attracting men increases,the:

Buss and his colleagues found that women place more importance on earning capacity in potential mates than men do:

Men and women value _____ equally in potential mates,but men place more value on _____.

Anything that impedes survival or reproduction is a(n):

According to van der Linden (2012),individuals who score high on K-strategy are hypothesized to _____.

The idea that a man might decide on a particular social strategy based on how he views himself is an example of:

Which of the following species has the greatest degree of effective polygyny?

Buss and his colleagues found that when men imagined that their partners were committing sexual infidelity:

Charles Darwin proposed the theory of sexual selection to account for:

According to Fitzgerald and Colarelli (2009),the tendency to help is a direct function of the degree of _____,especially in a life-or-death context.

Research on altruism has found that younger individuals are helped _____ than 45-year-old relatives and older individuals are helped _____ than 45-year-old relatives in everyday tasks.

Evolutionary theory predicts sex differences in jealousy due to:

_____ are the smallest discrete units that are inherited by offspring intact,without being broken up.

Research by Paul Ekman and his colleagues has demonstrated that emotional expression:

Which of the following is NOT an adaptive problem faced by women?

Competition that tends to be very intense among individuals using the same strategy may lead to the development of:

Which of the following terms can be defined as a reliably developing structure in an organism,which,because it meshes with the recurrent structure of the world,causes a solution to an accommodative problem?

Introduction to Personality Psychology

Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

Traits and Trait Taxonomies

Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology

Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change

Genetics and Personality

Physiological Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues

Motives and Personality

Cognitive Topics in Personality

Emotion and Personality

Approaches to the Self

Personality and Social Interaction

Sex,Gender,and Personality

Culture and Personality

Stress,Coping,Adjustment,and Health

Disorders of Personality

Summary and Future Directions

Filters

All of us come from a long and unbroken line of ancestors who accomplished two critical tasks: they _,and they _.

Men and women value _ equally in potential mates,but men place more value on _.

Research on altruism has found that younger individuals are helped _ than 45-year-old relatives and older individuals are helped _ than 45-year-old relatives in everyday tasks.