Question 1

Varicose veins are aggravated during pregnancy due to all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Increased venous distensibility. 
B) Shift in the center of gravity superiorly and anteriorly. 
C) Increased uterine weight. 
D) Venous stasis in the legs. 
A) Increased venous distensibility. 
B) Shift in the center of gravity superiorly and anteriorly. 
C) Increased uterine weight. 
D) Venous stasis in the legs. B

Question 2

Which of the following is true about physical therapy intervention for pelvic floor dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

A) Men are twice as likely as women to experience urinary incontinence but are unwilling to seek medical care. 
B) The primary contributing factor for pelvic floor dysfunction in men is prostate enlargement or prostate cancer treatment. 
C) Biofeedback used to help patients perform effective pelvic floor contractions is not possible for men because the penis and scrotum block visualization of the internal structures. 
D) Females who have not been pregnant and males do not experience pelvic floor dysfunction, because it is directly associated with childbearing and childbirth. 
A) Men are twice as likely as women to experience urinary incontinence but are unwilling to seek medical care. 
B) The primary contributing factor for pelvic floor dysfunction in men is prostate enlargement or prostate cancer treatment. 
C) Biofeedback used to help patients perform effective pelvic floor contractions is not possible for men because the penis and scrotum block visualization of the internal structures. 
D) Females who have not been pregnant and males do not experience pelvic floor dysfunction, because it is directly associated with childbearing and childbirth. B

Question 3

During the last trimester of pregnancy, pain in the groin area is often caused by overstretching of the:

Accepted Answer

A) Broad ligament. 
B) Round ligament. 
C) Uterosacral ligament. 
D) Pubococcygeal ligament. 
A) Broad ligament. 
B) Round ligament. 
C) Uterosacral ligament. 
D) Pubococcygeal ligament. B

Question 4

During pregnancy, each of the following changes in the respiratory system occurs except:

Accepted Answer

A) Increased respiratory rate. 
B) Increased O₂ consumption and increased work of breathing. 
C) Relatively unchanged or slightly decreased total lung capacity. 
D) State of hyperventilation throughout pregnancy. 
A) Increased respiratory rate. 
B) Increased O₂ consumption and increased work of breathing. 
C) Relatively unchanged or slightly decreased total lung capacity. 
D) State of hyperventilation throughout pregnancy.

Question 5

Which of the following is true about sacroiliac (SI) joint pain experienced during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Pain often radiates from the buttock region distally to the foot. 
B) Asymmetrical lower extremity weight-bearing activities aggravate the pain. 
C) Resting on a soft support surface typically alleviates the pain. 
D) Hypomobility of the SI joint typically is evident. 
A) Pain often radiates from the buttock region distally to the foot. 
B) Asymmetrical lower extremity weight-bearing activities aggravate the pain. 
C) Resting on a soft support surface typically alleviates the pain. 
D) Hypomobility of the SI joint typically is evident.

Question 6

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to participating in an exercise program during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Diastasis recti 
B) Gestational diabetes 
C) Maternal type 1 diabetes 
D) Obesity 
A) Diastasis recti 
B) Gestational diabetes 
C) Maternal type 1 diabetes 
D) Obesity

Question 7

Which of the following activities should be used initially to correct a diastasis recti postpartum?

Accepted Answer

A) Have the patient lie supine, arms at sides, and do a partial sit-up (until scapulae clear the surface). 
B) Have the patient lie supine, arms across the abdomen, and perform leg lowering from a 90° position. 
C) Have the patient lie supine, arms across the abdomen, and perform head lifts. 
D) Have the patient avoid all abdominal exercises until the diastasis corrects itself. 
A) Have the patient lie supine, arms at sides, and do a partial sit-up (until scapulae clear the surface). 
B) Have the patient lie supine, arms across the abdomen, and perform leg lowering from a 90° position. 
C) Have the patient lie supine, arms across the abdomen, and perform head lifts. 
D) Have the patient avoid all abdominal exercises until the diastasis corrects itself.

Question 8

Each of the following is true about diastasis recti except:

Accepted Answer

A) A diastasis of the rectus abdominis is more prevalent in women with multiple pregnancies. 
B) Manual support of the abdominals during abdominal exercises over the course of pregnancy corrects a diastasis. 
C) The highest incidence of diastasis recti is during the third trimester. 
D) A separation of the rectus muscle along the linea alba that is more than two finger widths is clinically significant. 
A) A diastasis of the rectus abdominis is more prevalent in women with multiple pregnancies. 
B) Manual support of the abdominals during abdominal exercises over the course of pregnancy corrects a diastasis. 
C) The highest incidence of diastasis recti is during the third trimester. 
D) A separation of the rectus muscle along the linea alba that is more than two finger widths is clinically significant.

Question 9

Common postural changes/deviations that develop or become exaggerated during pregnancy include each of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased thoracic kyphosis. 
B) Increased internal rotation of the shoulders. 
C) Excessive lumbar lordosis. 
D) Genu recurvatum. 
A) Decreased thoracic kyphosis. 
B) Increased internal rotation of the shoulders. 
C) Excessive lumbar lordosis. 
D) Genu recurvatum.

Question 10

Each of the following contributes to the potential for pelvic floor muscle dysfunction following pregnancy except:

Accepted Answer

A) Planned cesarean delivery. 
B) Injury to the pudendal nerve. 
C) Tear/surgical laceration of the perineal body. 
D) Stretch to the pelvic floor during late stage of pregnancy. 
A) Planned cesarean delivery. 
B) Injury to the pudendal nerve. 
C) Tear/surgical laceration of the perineal body. 
D) Stretch to the pelvic floor during late stage of pregnancy.

Question 11

An exercise program that includes posture training to counter the expected postural changes that occur during pregnancy should emphasize each of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Strengthening scapular retractors. 
B) Strengthening hip extensors. 
C) Strengthening abdominals (low-intensity). 
D) Strengthening shoulder internal rotators. 
A) Strengthening scapular retractors. 
B) Strengthening hip extensors. 
C) Strengthening abdominals (low-intensity). 
D) Strengthening shoulder internal rotators.

Question 12

Which of the following is true of nerve supply (innervation) of the pelvic floor complex?

Accepted Answer

A) Damage to the nerve supply of the pelvic floor complex during labor and delivery is one of the main contributors to organ prolapse. 
B) There are multiple and varied innervations from inconsistent sacral levels that innervate this area. 
C) The pudendal nerve is the sole innervation for the pelvic floor. 
D) The nerve supply is at risk with a 4° episiotomy, often resulting in permanent paralysis of the anal sphincter. 
A) Damage to the nerve supply of the pelvic floor complex during labor and delivery is one of the main contributors to organ prolapse. 
B) There are multiple and varied innervations from inconsistent sacral levels that innervate this area. 
C) The pudendal nerve is the sole innervation for the pelvic floor. 
D) The nerve supply is at risk with a 4° episiotomy, often resulting in permanent paralysis of the anal sphincter.

Question 13

Which of the following statements adequately represents aerobic exercise guidelines for a woman during an uncomplicated pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Continue exercise at levels prior to pregnancy with the understanding that a lower intensity of exercise results in the same level of exertion. 
B) Limit exercise to three times a week at a target heart rate during exercise based on a conventional age-based calculation. 
C) Women who have not been exercising prior to pregnancy should wait for 3 months after delivery to begin an exercise program. 
D) If a woman has exercised prior to pregnancy, all types of exercise can be continued throughout pregnancy, including those with ballistic end-range movements and rapid changes of direction. 
A) Continue exercise at levels prior to pregnancy with the understanding that a lower intensity of exercise results in the same level of exertion. 
B) Limit exercise to three times a week at a target heart rate during exercise based on a conventional age-based calculation. 
C) Women who have not been exercising prior to pregnancy should wait for 3 months after delivery to begin an exercise program. 
D) If a woman has exercised prior to pregnancy, all types of exercise can be continued throughout pregnancy, including those with ballistic end-range movements and rapid changes of direction.

Question 14

Each of the following is a normal change during pregnancy except:

Accepted Answer

A) Increased secretion of insulin. 
B) Decreased ligamentous stability. 
C) Decreased resting heart rate. 
D) Increased thyroid activity. 
A) Increased secretion of insulin. 
B) Decreased ligamentous stability. 
C) Decreased resting heart rate. 
D) Increased thyroid activity.

Question 15

During pregnancy, in which direction does the center of gravity of the body move?

Accepted Answer

A) Superior and posterior 
B) Superior and anterior 
C) Inferior and posterior 
D) Inferior and anterior 
A) Superior and posterior 
B) Superior and anterior 
C) Inferior and posterior 
D) Inferior and anterior

Question 16

Which of the following is a true statement about diastasis recti?

Accepted Answer

A) It affects function of only the rectus abdominis muscle. 
B) It is characterized by a separation of abdominal muscles at the linea alba. 
C) Corrective exercise is recommended if the diastasis is greater than 1 cm. 
D) The etiology during pregnancy is well understood. 
A) It affects function of only the rectus abdominis muscle. 
B) It is characterized by a separation of abdominal muscles at the linea alba. 
C) Corrective exercise is recommended if the diastasis is greater than 1 cm. 
D) The etiology during pregnancy is well understood.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about testing for a diastasis recti?

Accepted Answer

A) The fingertips are placed vertically at the midline of the abdomen (parallel along the linea alba) at the level of the umbilicus to assess the size of the separation. 
B) Place the heel of your hand across the abdomen and apply light compression at the level of the umbilicus and have the patient cough. 
C) The test is performed with the patient in a hook-lying position and having her perform an abdominal contraction by lifting her head, shoulders, and trunk off the support surface. 
D) The fingertips are placed horizontally at the midline of the abdomen (perpendicular to the linea alba) at the level of the umbilicus to assess the size of the separation. 
A) The fingertips are placed vertically at the midline of the abdomen (parallel along the linea alba) at the level of the umbilicus to assess the size of the separation. 
B) Place the heel of your hand across the abdomen and apply light compression at the level of the umbilicus and have the patient cough. 
C) The test is performed with the patient in a hook-lying position and having her perform an abdominal contraction by lifting her head, shoulders, and trunk off the support surface. 
D) The fingertips are placed horizontally at the midline of the abdomen (perpendicular to the linea alba) at the level of the umbilicus to assess the size of the separation.

Question 18

When exercising during pregnancy, each of the following is a reason to discontinue exercise and contact a physician before resuming exercise except:

Accepted Answer

A) Transient pubic pain. 
B) Irregular heart rhythm. 
C) Vaginal bleeding. 
D) Uterine contractions that persist after cessation of exercise. 
A) Transient pubic pain. 
B) Irregular heart rhythm. 
C) Vaginal bleeding. 
D) Uterine contractions that persist after cessation of exercise.

Exam 25: Womens Health: Obstetrics and Pelvic Floor

Varicose veins are aggravated during pregnancy due to all of the following except:

Which of the following is true about physical therapy intervention for pelvic floor dysfunction?

During the last trimester of pregnancy, pain in the groin area is often caused by overstretching of the:

During pregnancy, each of the following changes in the respiratory system occurs except:

Which of the following is true about sacroiliac (SI) joint pain experienced during pregnancy?

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to participating in an exercise program during pregnancy?

Which of the following activities should be used initially to correct a diastasis recti postpartum?

Each of the following is true about diastasis recti except:

Common postural changes/deviations that develop or become exaggerated during pregnancy include each of the following except:

Each of the following contributes to the potential for pelvic floor muscle dysfunction following pregnancy except:

An exercise program that includes posture training to counter the expected postural changes that occur during pregnancy should emphasize each of the following except:

Which of the following is true of nerve supply (innervation) of the pelvic floor complex?

Which of the following statements adequately represents aerobic exercise guidelines for a woman during an uncomplicated pregnancy?

Each of the following is a normal change during pregnancy except:

During pregnancy, in which direction does the center of gravity of the body move?

Which of the following is a true statement about diastasis recti?

Which of the following is true about testing for a diastasis recti?

When exercising during pregnancy, each of the following is a reason to discontinue exercise and contact a physician before resuming exercise except:

Therapeutic Exercise: Foundational Concepts

Prevention, Health, and Wellness

Range of Motion

Stretching for Improved Mobility

Peripheral Joint Mobilizationmanipulation

Resistance Exercise for Impaired Muscle Performance

Principles of Aerobic Exercise

Exercise for Impaired Balance

Aquatic Exercise

Soft Tissue Injury, Repair, and Management

Joint, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders and Management

Surgical Interventions and Postoperative Management

Peripheral Nerve Disorders and Management

The Spine: Structure, Function, and Posture

The Spine: Management Guidelines

The Spine: Exercise and Manipulation Interventions

The Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle

The Elbow and Forearm Complex

The Wrist and Hand

The Hip

The Knee

The Ankle and Foot

Advanced Functional Training

Exercise in the Older Adult

Management of Lymphatic Disorders

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