Exam 38: Fluids,Electrolytes, Acidbase Balance

Which of the following is the most appropriate goal for a patient with the nursing diagnosis of Deficient Fluid Volume?

A patient is receiving an IV infusion of lactated Ringer's solution and 40 mEq of KCl at 100 mL/hr.When assessing the IV site,the nurse notes swelling,erythema,and warmth.There is a palpable cord along the vein,and the infusion is sluggish.The patient is complaining of pain at the site.The nurse would recognize these findings to be consistent with which of the following?

A patient had gastric surgery 10 days ago and continues to require gastric suction because of a paralytic ileus.The patient reports tingling in the fingers,has hypertonic reflexes,and has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute that are deep in nature.The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are consistent with which diagnosis?

In order to evaluate a patient's acid-base balance,the primary provider has prescribed diagnostic tests to measure pH,PCO₂,and HCO₃ - .The nurse realizes that the patient will:

A patient has a continuous IV infusion at 60 mL/hr.The right hand IV has infiltrated and the nurse has started a new IV on the left forearm.Which of the following interventions should the nurse also perform?

The nurse is caring for a patient with a low hematocrit.Which condition would accurately explain this finding?

Identify the appropriate interventions for a patient with hypovolemia.Select all that apply.

When performing a central venous catheter dressing change,which of the following steps is correct?

By which method is water absorbed by the small intestine and the colon?

The nurse assesses that her patient's intravenous solution has infiltrated into the tissues.What action should she take first?

The nurse gathers the following data: BP = 150/94 mm Hg; neck veins distended; P = 104 beats/min; pulse bounding; respiratory rate = 20 breaths/min; T = 37°C (98.6°F).What disorder should the nurse suspect?

A patient is admitted to the emergency department (ED)in respiratory distress.The results of his first arterial blood gases were pH = 7.30; PCO₂ = 40; HCO₃ = 19 mEq/L; PO₂ = 80.The nurse evaluates the patient's treatment plan by examining repeat arterial blood gases (ABGs).The results are pH = 7.38; PCO₂ = 32; HCO₃ = 19 mEq/L.The nurse concludes which of the following?

A 60-year-old woman complains of muscle weakness,constipation,nausea,and frequent urination,and is displaying bizarre behavior.The woman takes prescribed thiazide diuretics.What statement made by the patient might be an additional cause of her symptoms?

A patient's arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH = 7.30; PCO₂ = 40; HCO₃ = 19 mEq/L; PO₂ = 80.An appropriate nursing diagnosis for the patient is which of the following?

The nurse examines the electrocardiogram (ECG)tracing of a client and notes tall T waves.What electrolyte imbalance should the nurse suspect?

The nurse is caring for a patient with a medical diagnosis of hypernatremia.The following prescriptions are written in the client's electronic health record.Which one should the nurse question?

A new father begins to hyperventilate as his baby is about to be born; he becomes light headed.The nurse instructs him to breathe into the paper bag until his breathing slows down.When he feels better he asks the nurse why using the paper bag helped him.What is the nurse's best response? "Breathing into the paper bag allowed you to

What is the recommended position for a patient who is experiencing an air embolus because of failure to prime the IV tubing?

In a healthy adult,which of the following regulate body fluids? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure.The patient has chronic fluid volume excess secondary to ineffective pumping action of the heart.When teaching this patient about fluid and electrolyte balance,which diet is most important for the nurse to explain?