Question 1

Reagent strips (e.g.,Chemstrips)have a stable reaction color for up to 5 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description.
-triple phosphate

Accepted Answer

A) found in acid urine 
B) envelope-shaped, glistening and colorless 
C) coffin lids 
D) colorless slender needles that are strongly birefringent with polarized light 
E) yellow or reddish-brown shapes (e.g., lemon- or barrel-shaped forms) 
A) found in acid urine 
B) envelope-shaped, glistening and colorless 
C) coffin lids 
D) colorless slender needles that are strongly birefringent with polarized light 
E) yellow or reddish-brown shapes (e.g., lemon- or barrel-shaped forms)

Question 3

A routine urinalysis can provide information regarding:

Accepted Answer

A)  patient's general health. 
B)  a clinical picture of the patient. 
C)  a potential disease. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  patient's general health. 
B)  a clinical picture of the patient. 
C)  a potential disease. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 4

In testing for glucose in the urine,all of the following are true except:

Accepted Answer

A)  if the blood glucose concentration becomes too high (usually greater than 180 to 200 mg/dL), the excess glucose will not be reabsorbed into the blood and will be eliminated from the body in the urine. 
B)  the renal threshold is the lowest blood glucose concentration that will result in glycosuria. 
C)  the most common condition in which the renal threshold for glucose is exceeded is diabetes mellitus. 
D)  the occurrence of glycosuria is diagnostic of diabetes mellitus. 
A)  if the blood glucose concentration becomes too high (usually greater than 180 to 200 mg/dL), the excess glucose will not be reabsorbed into the blood and will be eliminated from the body in the urine. 
B)  the renal threshold is the lowest blood glucose concentration that will result in glycosuria. 
C)  the most common condition in which the renal threshold for glucose is exceeded is diabetes mellitus. 
D)  the occurrence of glycosuria is diagnostic of diabetes mellitus.

Question 5

The function of the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the volume of the urine. 
B)  maintain water and electrolyte balance. 
C)  remove acid from the body. 
D)  do both b and c. 
A)  reduce the volume of the urine. 
B)  maintain water and electrolyte balance. 
C)  remove acid from the body. 
D)  do both b and c.

Question 6

The normal pH of freshly voided urine is:

Accepted Answer

A)  4 or 5. 
B)  5 or 6. 
C)  6 or 7. 
D)  7 or 8. 
A)  4 or 5. 
B)  5 or 6. 
C)  6 or 7. 
D)  7 or 8.

Question 7

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once).
-epithelial casts

Accepted Answer

A) exposure to nephrotoxic substances 
B) urinary tract infection 
C) acute pyelonephritis 
D) glomerular damage 
A) exposure to nephrotoxic substances 
B) urinary tract infection 
C) acute pyelonephritis 
D) glomerular damage

Question 8

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description.
-uric acid

Accepted Answer

A) found in acid urine 
B) envelope-shaped, glistening and colorless 
C) coffin lids 
D) colorless slender needles that are strongly birefringent with polarized light 
E) yellow or reddish-brown shapes (e.g., lemon- or barrel-shaped forms) 
A) found in acid urine 
B) envelope-shaped, glistening and colorless 
C) coffin lids 
D) colorless slender needles that are strongly birefringent with polarized light 
E) yellow or reddish-brown shapes (e.g., lemon- or barrel-shaped forms)

Question 9

Ketone bodies can be detected in urine in:

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of adequate insulin control. 
B)  starvation. 
C)  extreme dieting. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  lack of adequate insulin control. 
B)  starvation. 
C)  extreme dieting. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 10

Select the microscopic elements that could be found in normal or abnormal urinary sediment: 
>10 WBCs/hpf.

Accepted Answer

A)  Normal 
B)  Abnormal 
A)  Normal 
B)  Abnormal

Question 11

In the detection and diagnosis of renal disease,the most significant single finding probably is:

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  protein. 
C)  pH 
D)  ketones. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  protein. 
C)  pH 
D)  ketones.

Question 12

The most desirable type of routine urinalysis specimen is:

Accepted Answer

A)  sterile. 
B)  first, early morning. 
C)  random, mid-day. 
D)  24-hour. 
A)  sterile. 
B)  first, early morning. 
C)  random, mid-day. 
D)  24-hour.

Question 13

Structures that can be confused microscopically with RBCs include:

Accepted Answer

A)  leukocytes (WBCs). 
B)  yeast. 
C)  calcium oxalate crystals. 
D)  both b and c. 
A)  leukocytes (WBCs). 
B)  yeast. 
C)  calcium oxalate crystals. 
D)  both b and c.

Question 14

The longer a reagent strip is in contact with a urine specimen,the better the results that will be observed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The minimum acceptable volume of urine for routine urinalysis is ____ mL.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  12 
C)  25 
D)  50 
A)  5 
B)  12 
C)  25 
D)  50

Question 16

The presence of bilirubin in the urine is an early sign of:

Accepted Answer

A)  liver disease. 
B)  pancreatic cancer. 
C)  intestinal inflammation. 
D)  various infectious diseases. 
A)  liver disease. 
B)  pancreatic cancer. 
C)  intestinal inflammation. 
D)  various infectious diseases.

Question 17

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-medications (e.g.,azo-containing compounds or dyes that color urine red or that turn red in an acidic medium when testing for nitrite for the detection of bacteria in urine)

Accepted Answer

A) false positive 
B) false negative 
A) false positive 
B) false negative

Question 18

Reagent strips must be used within 1 year of opening the container.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips.
-in the reaction to detect blood in the urine,microbial peroxidase activity associated with urinary tract infection can produce

Accepted Answer

A) false positive 
B) false negative 
A) false positive 
B) false negative

Question 20

Reagent strips will deteriorate if the cap is kept open for a prolonged period.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Reagent strips (e.g.,Chemstrips)have a stable reaction color for up to 5 minutes.

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -triple phosphate

A routine urinalysis can provide information regarding:

In testing for glucose in the urine,all of the following are true except:

The function of the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is to:

The normal pH of freshly voided urine is:

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once). -epithelial casts

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -uric acid

Ketone bodies can be detected in urine in:

Select the microscopic elements that could be found in normal or abnormal urinary sediment: >10 WBCs/hpf.

In the detection and diagnosis of renal disease,the most significant single finding probably is:

The most desirable type of routine urinalysis specimen is:

Structures that can be confused microscopically with RBCs include:

The longer a reagent strip is in contact with a urine specimen,the better the results that will be observed.

The minimum acceptable volume of urine for routine urinalysis is ____ mL.

The presence of bilirubin in the urine is an early sign of:

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -medications (e.g.,azo-containing compounds or dyes that color urine red or that turn red in an acidic medium when testing for nitrite for the detection of bacteria in urine)

Reagent strips must be used within 1 year of opening the container.

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -in the reaction to detect blood in the urine,microbial peroxidase activity associated with urinary tract infection can produce

Reagent strips will deteriorate if the cap is kept open for a prolonged period.

Fundamentals of the Clinical Laboratory

Safety in the Clinical Laboratory

Quality Assessment and Quality Control in the Clinical Laboratory

Phlebotomy: Collecting and Processing Blood

The Microscope

Systems of Measurement, laboratory Equipment, and Reagents

Laboratory Mathematics and Solution Preparation

Basic and New Techniques in the Clinical Laboratory

Delivery of Laboratory Testing From Point of Care to Total Automation

Introduction to Clinical Chemistry

Principles and Practice of Clinical Hematology

Introduction to Hemostasis

Examination of Body Fluids and Miscellaneous Specimens

Introduction to Microbiology

Immunology and Serology

Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine

Filters

Exam 13: Renal Physiology and Urinalysis

Reagent strips (e.g.,Chemstrips)have a stable reaction color for up to 5 minutes.

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -triple phosphate

A routine urinalysis can provide information regarding:

In testing for glucose in the urine,all of the following are true except:

The function of the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is to:

The normal pH of freshly voided urine is:

Match the respective type of casts with an associated condition (use an answer only once). -epithelial casts

Match the name of each type of crystal with the appropriate description. -uric acid

Ketone bodies can be detected in urine in:

Select the microscopic elements that could be found in normal or abnormal urinary sediment: >10 WBCs/hpf.

In the detection and diagnosis of renal disease,the most significant single finding probably is:

The most desirable type of routine urinalysis specimen is:

Structures that can be confused microscopically with RBCs include:

The longer a reagent strip is in contact with a urine specimen,the better the results that will be observed.

The minimum acceptable volume of urine for routine urinalysis is ____ mL.

The presence of bilirubin in the urine is an early sign of:

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -medications (e.g.,azo-containing compounds or dyes that color urine red or that turn red in an acidic medium when testing for nitrite for the detection of bacteria in urine)

Reagent strips must be used within 1 year of opening the container.

Match the following potential causes of false-positive or false-negative results with chemical reagent strips. -in the reaction to detect blood in the urine,microbial peroxidase activity associated with urinary tract infection can produce

Reagent strips will deteriorate if the cap is kept open for a prolonged period.

Fundamentals of the Clinical Laboratory

Safety in the Clinical Laboratory

Quality Assessment and Quality Control in the Clinical Laboratory

Phlebotomy: Collecting and Processing Blood

The Microscope

Systems of Measurement, laboratory Equipment, and Reagents

Laboratory Mathematics and Solution Preparation

Basic and New Techniques in the Clinical Laboratory

Delivery of Laboratory Testing From Point of Care to Total Automation

Introduction to Clinical Chemistry

Principles and Practice of Clinical Hematology

Introduction to Hemostasis

Examination of Body Fluids and Miscellaneous Specimens

Introduction to Microbiology

Immunology and Serology

Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine

Filters