Question 1

The first plant group to evolve a vascular system was the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first plant group to evolve a...

Question 2

Which statement best summarizes the adaptive value of xylem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Xylem is specialized for transporting food molecules such as sugar. 
B)  Xylem is the reinforcing protein that, in combination with cellulose, allows plants to grow vertically. 
C)  Xylem cells open and close to admit carbon dioxide into the leaf during photosynthesis. 
D)  Xylem is specialized for transporting water and dissolved nutrients. 
A)  Xylem is specialized for transporting food molecules such as sugar. 
B)  Xylem is the reinforcing protein that, in combination with cellulose, allows plants to grow vertically. 
C)  Xylem cells open and close to admit carbon dioxide into the leaf during photosynthesis. 
D)  Xylem is specialized for transporting water and dissolved nutrients.

Question 3

Some plants rely on nocturnal bats for pollination rather than insects; in what way might these plants differ from those pollinated by insects?

Accepted Answer

A)  The flowers open at night and are closed during the day. 
B)  They would have the brightest petal colors. 
C)  The stamen would be located at the base of the receptacle. 
D)  The flowers would be much smaller on average than those pollinated by insects. 
A)  The flowers open at night and are closed during the day. 
B)  They would have the brightest petal colors. 
C)  The stamen would be located at the base of the receptacle. 
D)  The flowers would be much smaller on average than those pollinated by insects.

Question 4

Resolving the relationship between the various kingdoms has been challenging because species often resemble one another; for example,the kingdom ________ contains some organisms that are animal-like and others that are plantlike.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Fungi 
C)  Archaea 
D)  Protista 
A)  Bacteria 
B)  Fungi 
C)  Archaea 
D)  Protista

Question 5

Although costly to produce,the large number of fruit-producing species attests to the success of fruit production as an evolutionary adaptation; in what way is fruit production helpful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fruits attract pollinators such as insects and birds to move pollen between different plants. 
B)  Fruit toxins can discourage potential consumers from eating the plant. 
C)  Plants can store energy in fruits during summer and then later recover the energy during winter, when the fruit decomposes. 
D)  Consumers eating fruits also eat seeds that, when not digested, can be deposited far from the parent plant. 
A)  Fruits attract pollinators such as insects and birds to move pollen between different plants. 
B)  Fruit toxins can discourage potential consumers from eating the plant. 
C)  Plants can store energy in fruits during summer and then later recover the energy during winter, when the fruit decomposes. 
D)  Consumers eating fruits also eat seeds that, when not digested, can be deposited far from the parent plant.

Question 6

A mechanism for uniformly distributing water and nutrients is critical for any multicellular organism; in animals,this is accomplished with a circulatory system,while in plants,the ________ performs this task.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mechanism for uniformly distributing water and...

Question 7

The single-celled protists are often mobile and use a variety of propulsive mechanisms,for example,the amoeba move by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudopodia. 
B)  cilia. 
C)  flagella. 
D)  coccoliths. 
A)  pseudopodia. 
B)  cilia. 
C)  flagella. 
D)  coccoliths.

Question 8

Speculate on the diversity of life on Earth if plants had never evolved.

Accepted Answer

A)  The existence of large multicellular consumers such as animals and fungi would be unlikely. 
B)  No atmospheric oxygen would exist and the cell metabolism used by animals and fungi would not be possible. 
C)  Bacterial life would display a greatly expanded diversity since the competition created by plants would have been absent. 
D)  Photosynthetic species belonging to the fungi and animal kingdoms would surely have evolved. 
A)  The existence of large multicellular consumers such as animals and fungi would be unlikely. 
B)  No atmospheric oxygen would exist and the cell metabolism used by animals and fungi would not be possible. 
C)  Bacterial life would display a greatly expanded diversity since the competition created by plants would have been absent. 
D)  Photosynthetic species belonging to the fungi and animal kingdoms would surely have evolved.

Question 9

Biologists hypothesize all of the following advantages for cells of the size typically observed in eukaryotes,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the storage of food. 
B)  a larger selection of potential prey for predatory species. 
C)  improved defensive capabilities against predatory species. 
D)  a decrease in the recovery time between successive reproductive events. 
A)  the storage of food. 
B)  a larger selection of potential prey for predatory species. 
C)  improved defensive capabilities against predatory species. 
D)  a decrease in the recovery time between successive reproductive events.

Question 10

Although seeming quite distinct,cotton,morphine,and flour are all obtained from flowering plants,otherwise known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although seeming quite distinct,cotton,morphine,and flour are all...

Question 11

Which protist life strategy is matched with the appropriate nutritional mode?

Accepted Answer

A)  phytoplankton-photoautotroph 
B)  zooplankton-photoautotroph 
C)  decomposer-chemoautotroph 
D)  endosymbiont-chemoheterotroph 
A)  phytoplankton-photoautotroph 
B)  zooplankton-photoautotroph 
C)  decomposer-chemoautotroph 
D)  endosymbiont-chemoheterotroph

Question 12

The majority of protists are motile,enabling heterotrophic species to locate organic resources and autotrophic species to orient to sunlight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Xylem is specialized for transporting water and dissolved nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

During a red tide

Accepted Answer

A)  air pollution turns the sunrise and sunset bright red, which, in turn, makes beaches appear red. 
B)  fish die from water pollution and bleed as they wash up on the shoreline. 
C)  single-celled protists become so numerous that they color the water red, brown, yellow, or other colors. 
D)  fish eat large quantities of red-colored food items and temporarily become red themselves. 
A)  air pollution turns the sunrise and sunset bright red, which, in turn, makes beaches appear red. 
B)  fish die from water pollution and bleed as they wash up on the shoreline. 
C)  single-celled protists become so numerous that they color the water red, brown, yellow, or other colors. 
D)  fish eat large quantities of red-colored food items and temporarily become red themselves.

Question 15

Despite their classification as protists,the evolutionary tree suggests that amoebas and the green algae are more closely related to animals and plants,respectively,than one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The main body of a multicellular fungus is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  mycelium. 
B)  gymnosperm. 
C)  mitochondrion. 
D)  septum. 
A)  mycelium. 
B)  gymnosperm. 
C)  mitochondrion. 
D)  septum.

Question 17

Many biologists have suggested revising the kingdom Protista.The primary problem with the Protista,as shown in the following figure,is that

Accepted Answer

A)  protists are single-celled organisms and should be grouped with the bacteria or archaeans. 
B)  the cells of some, but not all, protists contain nuclei and organelles. 
C)  the current classification model does not suggest an association between the plants and alga despite the presence of chloroplasts in both groups. 
D)  the amoeboid protists are no more closely related to the rest of the group than are animals and fungi. 
A)  protists are single-celled organisms and should be grouped with the bacteria or archaeans. 
B)  the cells of some, but not all, protists contain nuclei and organelles. 
C)  the current classification model does not suggest an association between the plants and alga despite the presence of chloroplasts in both groups. 
D)  the amoeboid protists are no more closely related to the rest of the group than are animals and fungi.

Question 18

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are believed to be more closely related to one another than the other major plant groups because

Accepted Answer

A)  they alone possess vascular systems. 
B)  both groups produce separate male and female gametes. 
C)  they provide their embryos with stored food that can support growth before photosynthesis begins. 
D)  both groups protect their seeds within protective structures. 
A)  they alone possess vascular systems. 
B)  both groups produce separate male and female gametes. 
C)  they provide their embryos with stored food that can support growth before photosynthesis begins. 
D)  both groups protect their seeds within protective structures.

Question 19

The arrival of a pollen grain on the carpel of a flower or the scale of a female cone is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilization. 
B)  pollination. 
C)  germination. 
D)  vascularization. 
A)  fertilization. 
B)  pollination. 
C)  germination. 
D)  vascularization.

Question 20

Mutualistic organisms are more commonly termed parasites.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 18: Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

The first plant group to evolve a vascular system was the ________.

Which statement best summarizes the adaptive value of xylem?

Some plants rely on nocturnal bats for pollination rather than insects; in what way might these plants differ from those pollinated by insects?

Resolving the relationship between the various kingdoms has been challenging because species often resemble one another; for example,the kingdom ________ contains some organisms that are animal-like and others that are plantlike.

Although costly to produce,the large number of fruit-producing species attests to the success of fruit production as an evolutionary adaptation; in what way is fruit production helpful?

A mechanism for uniformly distributing water and nutrients is critical for any multicellular organism; in animals,this is accomplished with a circulatory system,while in plants,the ________ performs this task.

The single-celled protists are often mobile and use a variety of propulsive mechanisms,for example,the amoeba move by means of

Speculate on the diversity of life on Earth if plants had never evolved.

Biologists hypothesize all of the following advantages for cells of the size typically observed in eukaryotes,EXCEPT

Although seeming quite distinct,cotton,morphine,and flour are all obtained from flowering plants,otherwise known as ________.

Which protist life strategy is matched with the appropriate nutritional mode?

The majority of protists are motile,enabling heterotrophic species to locate organic resources and autotrophic species to orient to sunlight.

Xylem is specialized for transporting water and dissolved nutrients.

During a red tide

Despite their classification as protists,the evolutionary tree suggests that amoebas and the green algae are more closely related to animals and plants,respectively,than one another.

The main body of a multicellular fungus is known as the

Many biologists have suggested revising the kingdom Protista.The primary problem with the Protista,as shown in the following figure,is that

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are believed to be more closely related to one another than the other major plant groups because

The arrival of a pollen grain on the carpel of a flower or the scale of a female cone is termed

Mutualistic organisms are more commonly termed parasites.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

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