Question 1

In colon cancer,the complete loss of function of the p53 gene requires

Accepted Answer

A)  a single mutation. 
B)  at least two mutations. 
C)  at least three mutations. 
D)  more than four mutations. 
A)  a single mutation. 
B)  at least two mutations. 
C)  at least three mutations. 
D)  more than four mutations.

Question 2

Cancer cells can ________,or spread,to other organs where they can form new tumors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cancer cells can ________,or spread,to other organs...

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the p53 protein is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It halts cell division when necessary, allowing the cell to repair damaged DNA. 
B)  It causes cells with heavily damaged, unrepairable DNA to undergo cell death. 
C)  It works with telomerase to extend the ends of the chromosomes. 
D)  It is critical to the regulation of the cell cycle. 
A)  It halts cell division when necessary, allowing the cell to repair damaged DNA. 
B)  It causes cells with heavily damaged, unrepairable DNA to undergo cell death. 
C)  It works with telomerase to extend the ends of the chromosomes. 
D)  It is critical to the regulation of the cell cycle.

Question 4

Immunotherapy has less side effects than chemotherapy because immunotherapy

Accepted Answer

A)  kills all rapidly dividing cells. 
B)  specifically targets the cancer cells. 
C)  kills viruses. 
D)  blocks the effects of carcinogens. 
A)  kills all rapidly dividing cells. 
B)  specifically targets the cancer cells. 
C)  kills viruses. 
D)  blocks the effects of carcinogens.

Question 5

The p53 gene is activated by positive growth regulators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Genes that increase the rate of cell division are ________ growth regulators.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genes that increase the rate of cell...

Question 7

The p53 protein is a ________ because it halts the cell cycle and allows the cell to repair DNA damage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The p53 protein is a ________ because...

Question 8

Cancer-causing chemicals increase the risk of cancer by promoting ________ in the DNA,causing changes in the DNA base sequences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cancer-causing chemicals increase the risk of cancer...

Question 9

Even though all people are exposed to potential carcinogens on a daily basis,we do not all develop cancer.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The carcinogens are too weak to cause mutations in our DNA. 
B)  Human cells are resistant to carcinogens until we are approximately 50 years old. 
C)  DNA repair mechanisms are able to correct some of the mutations that occur. 
D)  Oncogenes protect cells from most carcinogen exposures. 
A)  The carcinogens are too weak to cause mutations in our DNA. 
B)  Human cells are resistant to carcinogens until we are approximately 50 years old. 
C)  DNA repair mechanisms are able to correct some of the mutations that occur. 
D)  Oncogenes protect cells from most carcinogen exposures.

Question 10

A mutation that changes a gene,but not the protein product of that gene,will NOT cause cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

AIDS patients are more susceptible to infections than healthy people.Therefore,AIDS patients are more likely than healthy people to develop some cancers caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  inherited defects. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  a family history of cancer. 
D)  obesity. 
A)  inherited defects. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  a family history of cancer. 
D)  obesity.

Question 12

Examine the following graph.This graph shows that the

Accepted Answer

A)  rate of cancer diagnosis increases for both genders with increasing age. 
B)  mortality rate for cancer increases more rapidly in older men than in older women. 
C)  probability of acquiring cancer for both genders becomes greater than 50 percent after age 80. 
D)  majority of individuals living to age 80 or beyond will be diagnosed with cancer. 
A)  rate of cancer diagnosis increases for both genders with increasing age. 
B)  mortality rate for cancer increases more rapidly in older men than in older women. 
C)  probability of acquiring cancer for both genders becomes greater than 50 percent after age 80. 
D)  majority of individuals living to age 80 or beyond will be diagnosed with cancer.

Question 13

Examine the following diagram.Which is most likely to have occurred in panel 1,depicting proliferation?

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of adhesion dependence 
B)  initiation of angiogenesis 
C)  mutation of a proto-oncogene into an oncogene 
D)  metastasis 
A)  loss of adhesion dependence 
B)  initiation of angiogenesis 
C)  mutation of a proto-oncogene into an oncogene 
D)  metastasis

Question 14

The capacity of stem cells,germ line cells,and HeLa cells to divide repeatedly suggests that they share one or more common features,the most important of which is probably the ability to synthesize ________ and repair their chromosomes after each round of cell division.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The capacity of stem cells,germ line cells,and...

Question 15

A cure for cancer would stop all cell division in an organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Growth factors,which often participate in signal cascades,are typically active

Accepted Answer

A)  in Golgi bodies. 
B)  on the cell's surface. 
C)  in the cell's nucleus. 
D)  throughout the cell. 
A)  in Golgi bodies. 
B)  on the cell's surface. 
C)  in the cell's nucleus. 
D)  throughout the cell.

Question 17

A tumor suppressor is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  negative growth regulator. 
B)  oncogene. 
C)  positive growth regulator. 
D)  sarcoma virus. 
A)  negative growth regulator. 
B)  oncogene. 
C)  positive growth regulator. 
D)  sarcoma virus.

Question 18

Normal cellular genes that can be mutated into cancer-causing genes are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  oncogenes. 
B)  growth factors. 
C)  proto-oncogenes. 
D)  viral proteins. 
A)  oncogenes. 
B)  growth factors. 
C)  proto-oncogenes. 
D)  viral proteins.

Question 19

As indicated in the following diagram,the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b)is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  proto-oncogene. 
B)  oncogene. 
C)  growth factor. 
D)  tumor suppressor. 
A)  proto-oncogene. 
B)  oncogene. 
C)  growth factor. 
D)  tumor suppressor.

Question 20

HeLa cells display a variety of abnormalities.Which is most associated with their ability to divide repeatedly?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell line shows evidence of having been infected with HPV (human papillomavirus). 
B)  HeLa cells express the telomerase gene and are able to reconstruct the ends of their chromosomes after each round of cell division. 
C)  The cell line is quadraploid (having four sets of chromosomes) rather than diploid (having two sets of chromosomes) like all normal somatic cells. 
D)  The HeLa cell line was exposed to cosmic radiation prior to developing its unusual reproductive capabilities. 
A)  The cell line shows evidence of having been infected with HPV (human papillomavirus). 
B)  HeLa cells express the telomerase gene and are able to reconstruct the ends of their chromosomes after each round of cell division. 
C)  The cell line is quadraploid (having four sets of chromosomes) rather than diploid (having two sets of chromosomes) like all normal somatic cells. 
D)  The HeLa cell line was exposed to cosmic radiation prior to developing its unusual reproductive capabilities.

Exam 8: Cancer and Human Health

In colon cancer,the complete loss of function of the p53 gene requires

Cancer cells can ________,or spread,to other organs where they can form new tumors.

Which of the following statements about the p53 protein is FALSE?

Immunotherapy has less side effects than chemotherapy because immunotherapy

The p53 gene is activated by positive growth regulators.

Genes that increase the rate of cell division are ________ growth regulators.

The p53 protein is a ________ because it halts the cell cycle and allows the cell to repair DNA damage.

Cancer-causing chemicals increase the risk of cancer by promoting ________ in the DNA,causing changes in the DNA base sequences.

Even though all people are exposed to potential carcinogens on a daily basis,we do not all develop cancer.Why?

A mutation that changes a gene,but not the protein product of that gene,will NOT cause cancer.

AIDS patients are more susceptible to infections than healthy people.Therefore,AIDS patients are more likely than healthy people to develop some cancers caused by

Examine the following graph.This graph shows that the

Examine the following diagram.Which is most likely to have occurred in panel 1,depicting proliferation?

The capacity of stem cells,germ line cells,and HeLa cells to divide repeatedly suggests that they share one or more common features,the most important of which is probably the ability to synthesize ________ and repair their chromosomes after each round of cell division.

A cure for cancer would stop all cell division in an organism.

Growth factors,which often participate in signal cascades,are typically active

A tumor suppressor is a(n)

Normal cellular genes that can be mutated into cancer-causing genes are known as

As indicated in the following diagram,the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b)is an example of a

HeLa cells display a variety of abnormalities.Which is most associated with their ability to divide repeatedly?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

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From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

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