Exam 7: Animal Adaptations to the Environment

Which of the following will always decrease an organism's thermal conductivity (k)?

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by some animals to stay afloat?

Environmental sources of heat control the rates of metabolism and activity among most ________.

A freshwater fish is ________ and ________ water to/from the environment.

An organism that derives energy and most nutrients through the consumption of plants and animals is a(n)

Air flow through bird lungs is a continuous circuit; the air flows in one direction only.

As the surface area of a body increases, the surface-area to volume ratio (SA/V)also increases.

Some aquatic poikilotherms (e.g., sharks)are able to maintain a higher internal body temperature than the surrounding water.

Homeotherms can sustain a higher level of physical activity for longer periods of time than poikilotherms.

Explain the importance of negative feedback to the maintenance of homeostatic plateaus in animals.

Amphibians and reptiles can quickly raise their body temperature by ________ in the sun.

All of the following characterize a hibernating homeotherm, EXCEPT

Explain the countercurrent heat exchange mechanism. How does this mechanism serve opposite purposes for animals in cold and hot environments?

________ can cool nasal membranes enough to cause condensation from inhaled air.

The ________ zone is a range of environmental temperatures within which homeothermic metabolic rates are minimal.

Terrestrial animals are usually subjected to more radical changes in their thermal environment than aquatic animals.

The smaller a homeotherm, the ________ the loss of heat to the surrounding environment.

Birds and reptiles reabsorb water from the ________ back into the body.

The highest-quality plant food for herbivores is high in ________.

Freshwater aquatic organisms are faced with the problem of preventing excessive uptake or retention of water.