Question 1

_____ are person-specific, whereas _____ are based on decisions made by groups or when carrying out tasks to meet business objectives.

Accepted Answer

A) Organizational factors; business ethics 
B) Codes of conduct; individual factors 
C) Individual factors; codes of conduct 
D) Business ethics; moral philosophies 
E) Moral philosophies; business ethics 
A) Organizational factors; business ethics 
B) Codes of conduct; individual factors 
C) Individual factors; codes of conduct 
D) Business ethics; moral philosophies 
E) Moral philosophies; business ethics E

Question 2

A marketing manager who orders that a manufacturing plant be refitted to make it safer for workers, no matter what the cost, may be a(n) _____ because he believes in the rights of all individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) egoist 
B) utilitarian 
C) deontologist 
D) relativist 
E) hedonist 
A) egoist 
B) utilitarian 
C) deontologist 
D) relativist 
E) hedonist C

Question 3

_____ argues that ethical behavior involves not only adhering to conventional moral standards but also considering what a mature person with a "good" moral character would deem appropriate.

Accepted Answer

A) Act utilitarianism 
B) Virtue ethics 
C) Reciprocity 
D) Hedonism 
E) Rule deontology 
A) Act utilitarianism 
B) Virtue ethics 
C) Reciprocity 
D) Hedonism 
E) Rule deontology B

Question 4

Teleological philosophies are often referred to as consequentialism. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to Kohlberg's model, as a person progresses through the stages of moral development, and with time, education, and experience, he/she

Accepted Answer

A) is unlikely to change his/her values and ethical behavior. 
B) may change his/her cognitive moral development and behavior. 
C) will likely be promoted. 
D) will depend more on the input of significant others in ethical decision making. 
E) will experience less opportunity to behave unethically. 
A) is unlikely to change his/her values and ethical behavior. 
B) may change his/her cognitive moral development and behavior. 
C) will likely be promoted. 
D) will depend more on the input of significant others in ethical decision making. 
E) will experience less opportunity to behave unethically.

Question 6

When a person defines right and wrong on the basis of legal contracts, he or she is using which of Kohlberg's stages of development?

Accepted Answer

A) Punishment and obedience (stage ) 
B) Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (stage 3) 
C) Social system and conscience maintenance (stage 4) 
D) Prior rights, social contract, or utility (stage 5) 
E) Universal ethical principles (stage 6) 
A) Punishment and obedience (stage ) 
B) Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (stage 3) 
C) Social system and conscience maintenance (stage 4) 
D) Prior rights, social contract, or utility (stage 5) 
E) Universal ethical principles (stage 6)

Question 7

_____ deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace, and therefore is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies than on teleological or utilitarian ones.

Accepted Answer

A) Rights 
B) Virtue ethics 
C) Justice 
D) Relativism 
E) Egoism 
A) Rights 
B) Virtue ethics 
C) Justice 
D) Relativism 
E) Egoism

Question 8

Explain how the levels of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development may influence a person's perception of and response to an ethical issue.

Accepted Answer

A person in stage 1 responds to rules an

Question 9

_____ have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning they are less likely to detect ethical issues. They may be more committed to completing projects and more dedicated to group values and objectives.

Accepted Answer

A) Relativists 
B) Hedonists 
C) Pragmatists 
D) Deontologists 
E) Teleologists 
A) Relativists 
B) Hedonists 
C) Pragmatists 
D) Deontologists 
E) Teleologists

Question 10

Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

Accepted Answer

A) Individual instrumental purpose and exchange 
B) Need achievement 
C) Social system and conscience maintenance 
D) Punishment and obedience 
E) Universal ethical principles 
A) Individual instrumental purpose and exchange 
B) Need achievement 
C) Social system and conscience maintenance 
D) Punishment and obedience 
E) Universal ethical principles

Question 11

An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?

Accepted Answer

A) Universal ethical principles (stage 6) 
B) Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (stage 3) 
C) Social system and conscience maintenance (stage 4) 
D) Punishment and obedience (stage 1) 
E) Prior rights, social contract, or utility (stage 5) 
A) Universal ethical principles (stage 6) 
B) Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (stage 3) 
C) Social system and conscience maintenance (stage 4) 
D) Punishment and obedience (stage 1) 
E) Prior rights, social contract, or utility (stage 5)

Question 12

Compare and contrast the two moral philosophies: teleology and deontology. Discuss the bases each philosophy type uses to evaluate the morality of a particular activity.

Accepted Answer

Teleological philosophies assess the mor

Question 13

Compare and contrast the two teleological philosophies: egoism and utilitarianism. Include a discussion of the bases that each type uses to evaluate the morality of activities.

Accepted Answer

Egoists believe they should make decisio

Question 14

Economist Adam Smith viewed profit as the ultimate goal of an enterprise and did not believe it was businesses' responsibility to be concerned about their impact on society. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Interactional justice considers the processes and activities that produce a particular outcome.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

_____ typically focuses on the end result of actions and happiness created by them, whereas _____ emphasizes the means and motives by which actions are justified.

Accepted Answer

A) Pragmatism; hedonism 
B) Deontology; pragmatism 
C) Utilitarianism; deontology 
D) Utilitarianism; a goodness theory 
E) A goodness theory; an obligation theory 
A) Pragmatism; hedonism 
B) Deontology; pragmatism 
C) Utilitarianism; deontology 
D) Utilitarianism; a goodness theory 
E) A goodness theory; an obligation theory

Question 17

Which moral philosophy is based on the premise that equal respect must be given to all persons?

Accepted Answer

A) The relativist perspective 
B) Deontology 
C) Egoism 
D) Teleology 
E) Utilitarianism 
A) The relativist perspective 
B) Deontology 
C) Egoism 
D) Teleology 
E) Utilitarianism

Question 18

A central problem with relativism is

Accepted Answer

A) that it emphasizes people's differences, not similarities. 
B) that few people believe that these principles are important. 
C) that it is very complicated. 
D) that it represents unattainable goals. 
E) that many feel that it only works in theory. 
A) that it emphasizes people's differences, not similarities. 
B) that few people believe that these principles are important. 
C) that it is very complicated. 
D) that it represents unattainable goals. 
E) that many feel that it only works in theory.

Question 19

Why might an individual's moral philosophies differ when making a personal decision versus a work-related decision? ​

Accepted Answer

A) ​Individuals tend to act more unethically in large work groups than alone. 
B) ​Businesses train individuals to adopt different moral philosophies at work. 
C) ​Personal temptations are rarely a problem in the business environment. 
D) ​Ethics is not held to be a high concern among managers in the workplace. 
E) ​Goals and pressures in the workplace are different from those outside of work. 
A) ​Individuals tend to act more unethically in large work groups than alone. 
B) ​Businesses train individuals to adopt different moral philosophies at work. 
C) ​Personal temptations are rarely a problem in the business environment. 
D) ​Ethics is not held to be a high concern among managers in the workplace. 
E) ​Goals and pressures in the workplace are different from those outside of work.

Question 20

The concept of moral philosophies is inexact.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

_ are person-specific, whereas _ are based on decisions made by groups or when carrying out tasks to meet business objectives.

A marketing manager who orders that a manufacturing plant be refitted to make it safer for workers, no matter what the cost, may be a(n) _____ because he believes in the rights of all individuals.

_____ argues that ethical behavior involves not only adhering to conventional moral standards but also considering what a mature person with a "good" moral character would deem appropriate.

Teleological philosophies are often referred to as consequentialism.

According to Kohlberg's model, as a person progresses through the stages of moral development, and with time, education, and experience, he/she

When a person defines right and wrong on the basis of legal contracts, he or she is using which of Kohlberg's stages of development?

_____ deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace, and therefore is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies than on teleological or utilitarian ones.

Explain how the levels of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development may influence a person's perception of and response to an ethical issue.

_____ have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning they are less likely to detect ethical issues. They may be more committed to completing projects and more dedicated to group values and objectives.

Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?

Compare and contrast the two moral philosophies: teleology and deontology. Discuss the bases each philosophy type uses to evaluate the morality of a particular activity.

Compare and contrast the two teleological philosophies: egoism and utilitarianism. Include a discussion of the bases that each type uses to evaluate the morality of activities.

Economist Adam Smith viewed profit as the ultimate goal of an enterprise and did not believe it was businesses' responsibility to be concerned about their impact on society.

Interactional justice considers the processes and activities that produce a particular outcome.

_ typically focuses on the end result of actions and happiness created by them, whereas _ emphasizes the means and motives by which actions are justified.

Which moral philosophy is based on the premise that equal respect must be given to all persons?

A central problem with relativism is

Why might an individual's moral philosophies differ when making a personal decision versus a work-related decision?

The concept of moral philosophies is inexact.

The Importance of Business Ethics

Stakeholder Relationships, Social Responsibility, and Corporate Governance

Emerging Business Ethics Issues

The Institutionalization of Business Ethics

Ethical Decision Making

Organizational Factors: the Role of Ethical Culture and Relationships

Developing an Effective Ethics Program

Managing and Controlling Ethics Programs

Globalization of Ethical Decision Making

Ethical Leadership

Sustainability: Ethical and Social Responsibility Dimensions

Filters

Exam 6: Individual Factors: Moral Philosophies and Values

_____ are person-specific, whereas _____ are based on decisions made by groups or when carrying out tasks to meet business objectives.

A marketing manager who orders that a manufacturing plant be refitted to make it safer for workers, no matter what the cost, may be a(n) _____ because he believes in the rights of all individuals.

_____ argues that ethical behavior involves not only adhering to conventional moral standards but also considering what a mature person with a "good" moral character would deem appropriate.

Teleological philosophies are often referred to as consequentialism. ​

According to Kohlberg's model, as a person progresses through the stages of moral development, and with time, education, and experience, he/she

When a person defines right and wrong on the basis of legal contracts, he or she is using which of Kohlberg's stages of development?

_____ deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace, and therefore is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies than on teleological or utilitarian ones.

Explain how the levels of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development may influence a person's perception of and response to an ethical issue.

_____ have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning they are less likely to detect ethical issues. They may be more committed to completing projects and more dedicated to group values and objectives.

Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?

An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?

Compare and contrast the two moral philosophies: teleology and deontology. Discuss the bases each philosophy type uses to evaluate the morality of a particular activity.

Compare and contrast the two teleological philosophies: egoism and utilitarianism. Include a discussion of the bases that each type uses to evaluate the morality of activities.

Economist Adam Smith viewed profit as the ultimate goal of an enterprise and did not believe it was businesses' responsibility to be concerned about their impact on society. ​

Interactional justice considers the processes and activities that produce a particular outcome.​

_____ typically focuses on the end result of actions and happiness created by them, whereas _____ emphasizes the means and motives by which actions are justified.

Which moral philosophy is based on the premise that equal respect must be given to all persons?

A central problem with relativism is

Why might an individual's moral philosophies differ when making a personal decision versus a work-related decision? ​

The concept of moral philosophies is inexact.

The Importance of Business Ethics

Stakeholder Relationships, Social Responsibility, and Corporate Governance

Emerging Business Ethics Issues

The Institutionalization of Business Ethics

Ethical Decision Making

Organizational Factors: the Role of Ethical Culture and Relationships

Developing an Effective Ethics Program

Managing and Controlling Ethics Programs

Globalization of Ethical Decision Making

Ethical Leadership

Sustainability: Ethical and Social Responsibility Dimensions

Filters

_ are person-specific, whereas _ are based on decisions made by groups or when carrying out tasks to meet business objectives.

Teleological philosophies are often referred to as consequentialism.

Economist Adam Smith viewed profit as the ultimate goal of an enterprise and did not believe it was businesses' responsibility to be concerned about their impact on society.

Interactional justice considers the processes and activities that produce a particular outcome.

_ typically focuses on the end result of actions and happiness created by them, whereas _ emphasizes the means and motives by which actions are justified.

Why might an individual's moral philosophies differ when making a personal decision versus a work-related decision?