Question 1

A client who has cirrhosis becomes very confused and lethargic and exhibits asterixis.These symptoms can indicate the development of what complication?

Accepted Answer

A) ascites 
B) hepatic encephalopathy 
C) hypoglycemia 
D) portal hypertension 
A) ascites 
B) hepatic encephalopathy 
C) hypoglycemia 
D) portal hypertension

Question 2

A client who has ulcerative colitis has an increased chance of developing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) viral pneumonia 
B) colorectal cancer 
C) pernicious anemia 
D) intestinal obstruction 
A) viral pneumonia 
B) colorectal cancer 
C) pernicious anemia 
D) intestinal obstruction

Question 3

A client who has cirrhosis requests a sleeping pill for insomnia.Which of these actions should the nurse take?

Accepted Answer

A) Administer a placebo. 
B) Provide comfort measures to facilitate natural sleep. 
C) Request a medication order from his health care provider. 
D) Tell the client it is unsafe to take any medications. 
A) Administer a placebo. 
B) Provide comfort measures to facilitate natural sleep. 
C) Request a medication order from his health care provider. 
D) Tell the client it is unsafe to take any medications.

Question 4

A client complains of lower right abdominal pain and nausea,and appendicitis is suspected.Which of the following lab reports would assist in confirming the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) 5,000/mm3 WBC (white blood cells);50% neutrophils 
B) 10,000/mm3 WBC;75% neutrophils 
C) 15,000/mm3 WBC;85% neutrophils 
D) 2,000/mm3 WBC;40% neutrophils 
A) 5,000/mm3 WBC (white blood cells);50% neutrophils 
B) 10,000/mm3 WBC;75% neutrophils 
C) 15,000/mm3 WBC;85% neutrophils 
D) 2,000/mm3 WBC;40% neutrophils

Question 5

A client who has surgical treatment for peritonitis would be encouraged to do all of the following postoperatively.Which is the MOST important for this client?

Accepted Answer

A) active exercises of the ankles and knees 
B) pulmonary hygiene 
C) splinting the abdominal incision with a pillow 
D) turning every 2 hours 
A) active exercises of the ankles and knees 
B) pulmonary hygiene 
C) splinting the abdominal incision with a pillow 
D) turning every 2 hours

Question 6

Clients who have a history of esophageal varices should avoid which of these?

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics 
B) antihistamines 
C) NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) 
D) laxatives 
A) antibiotics 
B) antihistamines 
C) NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) 
D) laxatives

Question 7

Which of these statements about Crohn's disease is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) It affects only the mucosal lining of the bowel. 
B) It is treated by colostomy. 
C) It can occur anywhere in the small and large intestines. 
D) It can produce 15 to 20 liquid stools containing blood daily. 
A) It affects only the mucosal lining of the bowel. 
B) It is treated by colostomy. 
C) It can occur anywhere in the small and large intestines. 
D) It can produce 15 to 20 liquid stools containing blood daily.

Question 8

A client has recurrent ascites as a result of cirrhosis.Which of these procedures will the health care provider perform to allow extended control of this fluid buildup?

Accepted Answer

A) daily administration of aldactone 
B) peritoneal venous shunt 
C) albumin infusion 
D) paracentesis 
A) daily administration of aldactone 
B) peritoneal venous shunt 
C) albumin infusion 
D) paracentesis

Question 9

Stress ulcers are the result of which of these factors?

Accepted Answer

A) acid/pepsin imbalance 
B) erosive gastritis that starts to bleed 
C) exposure to irritants and impaired mucosal defenses 
D) high secretion of HCl 
A) acid/pepsin imbalance 
B) erosive gastritis that starts to bleed 
C) exposure to irritants and impaired mucosal defenses 
D) high secretion of HCl

Question 10

An 83-year-old client tells the nurse,"My food doesn't taste as good anymore." Which of these responses by the nurse is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) "As we age our taste buds decrease.Experiment with various seasonings,but avoid salt." 
B) "If your dentures don't fit well,improper chewing could affect your ability to taste food." 
C) "Try holding your food in your mouth longer to provide increased taste." 
D) "You may find smaller,more frequent meals to be more satisfying." 
A) "As we age our taste buds decrease.Experiment with various seasonings,but avoid salt." 
B) "If your dentures don't fit well,improper chewing could affect your ability to taste food." 
C) "Try holding your food in your mouth longer to provide increased taste." 
D) "You may find smaller,more frequent meals to be more satisfying."

Question 11

When caring for a client who is obese,which of the following are risk factors for increased complications? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) immobility 
B) skin breakdown 
C) hypocoagulopathy 
D) increased dietary needs 
E) difficulty breathing
F)safety 
A) immobility 
B) skin breakdown 
C) hypocoagulopathy 
D) increased dietary needs 
E) difficulty breathing
F)safety

Question 12

A postoperative client has been receiving narcotic analgesics every 4 hours for incisional pain for 2 days and has now developed severe constipation.An enema has been prescribed by the health care provider.Client education about preventing constipation should emphasize that enemas and laxatives are not recommended for long-term use,because they can:

Accepted Answer

A) cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances 
B) interrupt normal bowel function 
C) remove normal bowel flora and cause infections 
D) traumatize the intestinal lining 
A) cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances 
B) interrupt normal bowel function 
C) remove normal bowel flora and cause infections 
D) traumatize the intestinal lining

Question 13

A client has a gastrectomy and vagotomy for treatment of peptic ulcer disease.Why was the vagotomy performed?

Accepted Answer

A) to anastomose the remaining portion of the stomach to the bowel 
B) to remove the vagal innervation to the fundus of the stomach 
C) to remove the perforated section of the stomach or bowel 
D) to prevent further hemorrhage from the site 
A) to anastomose the remaining portion of the stomach to the bowel 
B) to remove the vagal innervation to the fundus of the stomach 
C) to remove the perforated section of the stomach or bowel 
D) to prevent further hemorrhage from the site

Question 14

A client is lifting a box and experiences a sudden pain in the lower right side and upper thigh,with a "bulge" in the groin area.The nurse notes a tight band around the bulge.The client has probably developed which type of hernia?

Accepted Answer

A) abdominal,reducible 
B) femoral,strangulated 
C) inguinal,incarcerated 
D) umbilical,strangulated 
A) abdominal,reducible 
B) femoral,strangulated 
C) inguinal,incarcerated 
D) umbilical,strangulated

Question 15

For a client who has viral hepatitis,which of these statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Frequent rest periods are optional. 
B) Thorough hand hygiene is essential. 
C) Food preparation is unaffected. 
D) Donating blood is encouraged. 
A) Frequent rest periods are optional. 
B) Thorough hand hygiene is essential. 
C) Food preparation is unaffected. 
D) Donating blood is encouraged.

Question 16

A client is admitted with diverticulitis of 1 day's duration.Which of these nursing interventions should be included in the client's plan of care?

Accepted Answer

A) Offer oral fluids frequently. 
B) Ambulate ad lib. 
C) Keep the client in a private room. 
D) Maintain NPO. 
A) Offer oral fluids frequently. 
B) Ambulate ad lib. 
C) Keep the client in a private room. 
D) Maintain NPO.

Question 17

A client complains of daily indigestion and heartburn,especially after eating a large meal.A nurse should suspect that the client has which type of hernia?

Accepted Answer

A) abdominal 
B) femoral 
C) hiatal 
D) umbilical 
A) abdominal 
B) femoral 
C) hiatal 
D) umbilical

Question 18

When teaching the client with gastritis,the nurse should include which of these instructions?

Accepted Answer

A) "Avoid eating at bedtime." 
B) "Drink as much decaffeinated tea and coffee as you like." 
C) "Drink only milk products and antacids until the pain subsides." 
D) "Eat anything you want as long as you take your medications on time." 
A) "Avoid eating at bedtime." 
B) "Drink as much decaffeinated tea and coffee as you like." 
C) "Drink only milk products and antacids until the pain subsides." 
D) "Eat anything you want as long as you take your medications on time."

Question 19

An older adult client tells the nurse about experiencing chronic constipation.The nurse should suggest that the client increase intake of which of these foods?

Accepted Answer

A) baked potatoes and rice 
B) milk and cheese 
C) fish and red meat 
D) apples and broccoli 
A) baked potatoes and rice 
B) milk and cheese 
C) fish and red meat 
D) apples and broccoli

Question 20

Clients with diverticulitis will frequently complain of abdominal pain located in which area of the abdomen?

Accepted Answer

A) generalized 
B) left lower side 
C) right lower side 
D) umbilicus area 
A) generalized 
B) left lower side 
C) right lower side 
D) umbilicus area

Exam 38: Gastrointestinal System

A client who has cirrhosis becomes very confused and lethargic and exhibits asterixis.These symptoms can indicate the development of what complication?

A client who has ulcerative colitis has an increased chance of developing which of the following?

A client who has cirrhosis requests a sleeping pill for insomnia.Which of these actions should the nurse take?

A client complains of lower right abdominal pain and nausea,and appendicitis is suspected.Which of the following lab reports would assist in confirming the diagnosis?

A client who has surgical treatment for peritonitis would be encouraged to do all of the following postoperatively.Which is the MOST important for this client?

Clients who have a history of esophageal varices should avoid which of these?

Which of these statements about Crohn's disease is TRUE?

A client has recurrent ascites as a result of cirrhosis.Which of these procedures will the health care provider perform to allow extended control of this fluid buildup?

Stress ulcers are the result of which of these factors?

An 83-year-old client tells the nurse,"My food doesn't taste as good anymore." Which of these responses by the nurse is correct?

When caring for a client who is obese,which of the following are risk factors for increased complications? (Select all that apply. )

A client has a gastrectomy and vagotomy for treatment of peptic ulcer disease.Why was the vagotomy performed?

A client is lifting a box and experiences a sudden pain in the lower right side and upper thigh,with a "bulge" in the groin area.The nurse notes a tight band around the bulge.The client has probably developed which type of hernia?

For a client who has viral hepatitis,which of these statements is TRUE?

A client is admitted with diverticulitis of 1 day's duration.Which of these nursing interventions should be included in the client's plan of care?

A client complains of daily indigestion and heartburn,especially after eating a large meal.A nurse should suspect that the client has which type of hernia?

When teaching the client with gastritis,the nurse should include which of these instructions?

An older adult client tells the nurse about experiencing chronic constipation.The nurse should suggest that the client increase intake of which of these foods?

Clients with diverticulitis will frequently complain of abdominal pain located in which area of the abdomen?

Student Nurse Skills for Success

Holistic Care

Nursing History, Education, and Organizations

Legal and Ethical Responsibilities

The Health Care Delivery System

Arenas of Care

Communication

Client Teaching

Nursing Processdocumentationinformatics

Life Span Development

Cultural Considerations

Stress, Adaptation, and Anxiety

Loss, Grief, and Death

Wellness Concepts

Self-Concept

Spirituality

Complementary Alternative Therapies

Basic Nutrition

Rest and Sleep

Safety-Hygiene

Infection Controlasepsis

Standard Precautions and Isolation

Bioterrorism

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Medication Administration and IV Therapy

Assessment

Pain Management

Diagnostic Tests

Basic Procedures

Intermediate Procedures

Advanced Procedures

Anesthesia

Surgery

Oncology

Respiratory System

Cardiovascular System

Hematologic and Lymphatic Systems

Urinary System

Musculoskeletal System

Neurological System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Integumentary System

Immune System

Mental Illness

Substance Abuse

The Older Adult

Ambulatory, Restorative, and Palliative Care in Community Settings

Responding to Emergencies

Integration

Prenatal Care

Complications of Pregnancy

The Birth Process

Postpartum Care

Newborn Care

Basics of Pediatric Care

Infants With Special Needs: Birth to 12 Months

Common Problems: 1-18 Years