Question 1

A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is called a theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following statements concerning anecdotal evidence is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anecdotal evidence is based on a single example and may reflect sampling bias. 
B)  Anecdotal evidence rarely influences a person's opinion or behavior. 
C)  Anecdotal evidence can usually be found to support any position. 
D)  Anecdotal evidence often reflects a distortion in self-report. 
A)  Anecdotal evidence is based on a single example and may reflect sampling bias. 
B)  Anecdotal evidence rarely influences a person's opinion or behavior. 
C)  Anecdotal evidence can usually be found to support any position. 
D)  Anecdotal evidence often reflects a distortion in self-report.

Question 3

The ____________________ is the measure of central tendency that is most affected by extreme scores in a set of data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ is the measure of central...

Question 4

The two main types of research methods used in psychology are the

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental and descriptive/correlational research methods 
B)  experimental and case study research methods 
C)  descriptive and correlational research methods 
D)  descriptive/correlational and case study research methods 
A)  experimental and descriptive/correlational research methods 
B)  experimental and case study research methods 
C)  descriptive and correlational research methods 
D)  descriptive/correlational and case study research methods

Question 5

A researcher plans to study the relationship between people's smoking behavior and their tendency to have minor physical illnesses (such as colds or the flu).Most likely he will use correlational research for the study because

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational studies are always the "first choice" of researchers. 
B)  it is not practical or ethical to manipulate people's smoking behavior. 
C)  correlational studies allow the researcher to draw strong cause and effect conclusions. 
D)  the university does not allow smoking in the psychology building. 
A)  correlational studies are always the "first choice" of researchers. 
B)  it is not practical or ethical to manipulate people's smoking behavior. 
C)  correlational studies allow the researcher to draw strong cause and effect conclusions. 
D)  the university does not allow smoking in the psychology building.

Question 6

When a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained,____________________ is said to have occurred.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a researcher's expectations or preferences about...

Question 7

The Featured Study presented in the text demonstrates that people's motives can affect their

Accepted Answer

A)  choice of hobbies. 
B)  sense of taste. 
C)  attraction to others. 
D)  visual perception. 
A)  choice of hobbies. 
B)  sense of taste. 
C)  attraction to others. 
D)  visual perception.

Question 8

Conclusions concerning cause and effect relationships are only possible when the ____ method is used.

Accepted Answer

A)  survey 
B)  experimental 
C)  correlational 
D)  descriptive 
A)  survey 
B)  experimental 
C)  correlational 
D)  descriptive

Question 9

Derrick designed an experiment in which participants listened to a persuasive speech delivered either by a person who was very tall or a person who was average in height.In addition,the speeches were delivered either by individuals wearing business clothes or by people wearing casual clothes.In this example,Derrick

Accepted Answer

A)  has two dependent variables, and will be able to determine if persuasion interacts with any other factors. 
B)  has two independent variables, and will be able to determine if height and style of clothing interact. 
C)  does not have a control group, which should reduce the impact of self-reporting bias in his study. 
D)  is using a double-blind procedure, which should reduce experimenter bias. 
A)  has two dependent variables, and will be able to determine if persuasion interacts with any other factors. 
B)  has two independent variables, and will be able to determine if height and style of clothing interact. 
C)  does not have a control group, which should reduce the impact of self-reporting bias in his study. 
D)  is using a double-blind procedure, which should reduce experimenter bias.

Question 10

The double blind procedure was developed by researchers because of which unifying theme in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology is empirical 
B)  psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context 
C)  our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage 
D)  our experience of the world is highly subjective 
A)  psychology is empirical 
B)  psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context 
C)  our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage 
D)  our experience of the world is highly subjective

Question 11

Dr.Critell is studying aggression in children and plans to define aggression as the number of times one child pushes or strikes another child.Defining aggression in this way would

Accepted Answer

A)  be an example of a hypothesis. 
B)  violate ethical guidelines for psychological research. 
C)  represent an operational definition. 
D)  require a double-blind research design. 
A)  be an example of a hypothesis. 
B)  violate ethical guidelines for psychological research. 
C)  represent an operational definition. 
D)  require a double-blind research design.

Question 12

Most typically,researchers report their findings

Accepted Answer

A)  by holding a press conference. 
B)  in a book. 
C)  in a scientific magazine. 
D)  in a journal. 
A)  by holding a press conference. 
B)  in a book. 
C)  in a scientific magazine. 
D)  in a journal.

Question 13

A correlation coefficient of zero describes

Accepted Answer

A)  a positive relationship between two variables. 
B)  a negative relationship between two variables. 
C)  the lack of a relationship between two variables. 
D)  a perfect relationship between two variables. 
A)  a positive relationship between two variables. 
B)  a negative relationship between two variables. 
C)  the lack of a relationship between two variables. 
D)  a perfect relationship between two variables.

Question 14

Pretend that you are in a discussion with friends and the topic is hard sciences versus soft sciences.It is argued that psychology is not a true science at all,as are sciences like chemistry and physics.How would you defend the proposition that psychology is a true science?

Accepted Answer

Scientists assume that there are constan

Question 15

A correlation coefficient will always have a value between

Accepted Answer

A)  0% and 100%. 
B)  -10.00 and +10.00. 
C)  -1.00 and +1.00. 
D)  0 and +1.00. 
A)  0% and 100%. 
B)  -10.00 and +10.00. 
C)  -1.00 and +1.00. 
D)  0 and +1.00.

Question 16

Briefly describe the steps involved in scientific psychological research.

Accepted Answer

All scientific research follows a system

Question 17

In which of the scientific research methods are distortions in self-report MOST likely to be of concern to the researcher?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental method 
B)  correlational method 
C)  naturalistic observation method 
D)  survey method 
A)  experimental method 
B)  correlational method 
C)  naturalistic observation method 
D)  survey method

Question 18

The hypotheses for a research study are most likely to be found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  methodology section of a journal article. 
B)  reference section of a journal article. 
C)  results section of a journal article. 
D)  introduction section of a journal article. 
A)  methodology section of a journal article. 
B)  reference section of a journal article. 
C)  results section of a journal article. 
D)  introduction section of a journal article.

Question 19

The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  sampling bias. 
B)  response stereotyping. 
C)  a placebo effect. 
D)  socially desirable responding. 
A)  sampling bias. 
B)  response stereotyping. 
C)  a placebo effect. 
D)  socially desirable responding.

Question 20

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship,the ____ variable would be the cause,and the ____ variable would be the effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent; independent 
B)  independent; dependent 
C)  control; experimental 
D)  independent; confounded 
A)  dependent; independent 
B)  independent; dependent 
C)  control; experimental 
D)  independent; confounded

A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is called a theory.

Which of the following statements concerning anecdotal evidence is false?

The ____________________ is the measure of central tendency that is most affected by extreme scores in a set of data.

The two main types of research methods used in psychology are the

A researcher plans to study the relationship between people's smoking behavior and their tendency to have minor physical illnesses (such as colds or the flu).Most likely he will use correlational research for the study because

When a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained,____________________ is said to have occurred.

The Featured Study presented in the text demonstrates that people's motives can affect their

Conclusions concerning cause and effect relationships are only possible when the ____ method is used.

The double blind procedure was developed by researchers because of which unifying theme in psychology?

Dr.Critell is studying aggression in children and plans to define aggression as the number of times one child pushes or strikes another child.Defining aggression in this way would

Most typically,researchers report their findings

A correlation coefficient of zero describes

Pretend that you are in a discussion with friends and the topic is hard sciences versus soft sciences.It is argued that psychology is not a true science at all,as are sciences like chemistry and physics.How would you defend the proposition that psychology is a true science?

A correlation coefficient will always have a value between

Briefly describe the steps involved in scientific psychological research.

In which of the scientific research methods are distortions in self-report MOST likely to be of concern to the researcher?

The hypotheses for a research study are most likely to be found in the

The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship,the variable would be the cause,and the variable would be the effect.

The Evolution of Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Variations in Consciousness

Learning

Human Memory

Language and Thought

Intelligence and Psychological Testing

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development Across the Life Span

Personality

Social Behavior

Stress,Coping,and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Statistical Methods

Industrial organizational Psychology

Psychology and Environmental Sustainability: Conservation Psychology

Filters

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is called a theory.

Which of the following statements concerning anecdotal evidence is false?

The ____________________ is the measure of central tendency that is most affected by extreme scores in a set of data.

The two main types of research methods used in psychology are the

A researcher plans to study the relationship between people's smoking behavior and their tendency to have minor physical illnesses (such as colds or the flu).Most likely he will use correlational research for the study because

When a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained,____________________ is said to have occurred.

The Featured Study presented in the text demonstrates that people's motives can affect their

Conclusions concerning cause and effect relationships are only possible when the ____ method is used.

The double blind procedure was developed by researchers because of which unifying theme in psychology?

Dr.Critell is studying aggression in children and plans to define aggression as the number of times one child pushes or strikes another child.Defining aggression in this way would

Most typically,researchers report their findings

A correlation coefficient of zero describes

Pretend that you are in a discussion with friends and the topic is hard sciences versus soft sciences.It is argued that psychology is not a true science at all,as are sciences like chemistry and physics.How would you defend the proposition that psychology is a true science?

A correlation coefficient will always have a value between

Briefly describe the steps involved in scientific psychological research.

In which of the scientific research methods are distortions in self-report MOST likely to be of concern to the researcher?

The hypotheses for a research study are most likely to be found in the

The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship,the ____ variable would be the cause,and the ____ variable would be the effect.

The Evolution of Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Variations in Consciousness

Learning

Human Memory

Language and Thought

Intelligence and Psychological Testing

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development Across the Life Span

Personality

Social Behavior

Stress,Coping,and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Statistical Methods

Industrial organizational Psychology

Psychology and Environmental Sustainability: Conservation Psychology

Filters

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship,the variable would be the cause,and the variable would be the effect.