Question 1

Independent growths of new tissue that lack purpose are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  tumors. 
B)  arteriovenous malformations. 
C)  cavernous malformations. 
D)  aneurysms. 
A)  tumors. 
B)  arteriovenous malformations. 
C)  cavernous malformations. 
D)  aneurysms.

Question 2

The World Health Organization (WHO) establishes grading for tumors from Grade I to Grade IV. Explain these grades, the hallmarks of cancer seen for each grade, and differences in prognosis based on grade.

Accepted Answer

WHO grades tumors from Grade I (least se

Question 3

Most cases of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) probably resulted from

Accepted Answer

A)  contamination from instruments used in surgical procedures. 
B)  cannibalism. 
C)  eating steak (muscle meat) from infected cattle. 
D)  eating meat from infected cattle that contained nervous system tissue. 
A)  contamination from instruments used in surgical procedures. 
B)  cannibalism. 
C)  eating steak (muscle meat) from infected cattle. 
D)  eating meat from infected cattle that contained nervous system tissue.

Question 4

The outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Great Britain and other countries during the 1990s probably resulted from

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous genetic mutations. 
B)  housing cattle in too close proximity to infected sheep. 
C)  the use of ground bone and meat in animal feed. 
D)  the use of hormones to promote growth in cattle. 
A)  spontaneous genetic mutations. 
B)  housing cattle in too close proximity to infected sheep. 
C)  the use of ground bone and meat in animal feed. 
D)  the use of hormones to promote growth in cattle.

Question 5

Oligodendrocytes are destroyed by the autoimmune disease of multiple sclerosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Changes in consciousness frequently accompany

Accepted Answer

A)  Jacksonian seizures 
B)  photosensitive seizures 
C)  simple partial seizures 
D)  complex partial seizures 
A)  Jacksonian seizures 
B)  photosensitive seizures 
C)  simple partial seizures 
D)  complex partial seizures

Question 7

The autopsy results from cases of dementia pugilistica, or boxer's syndrome, most closely resemble

Accepted Answer

A)  open head injuries. 
B)  Alzheimer's disease. 
C)  Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJ
D) . 
D)  meningitis. 
A)  open head injuries. 
B)  Alzheimer's disease. 
C)  Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJ
D) . 
D)  meningitis.

Question 8

A young woman tells her physician that she is troubled by pain and tingling sensations in her legs. It is likely that she will be evaluated for

Accepted Answer

A)  a brain tumor. 
B)  multiple sclerosis. 
C)  petit mal seizures. 
D)  post-concussive syndrome. 
A)  a brain tumor. 
B)  multiple sclerosis. 
C)  petit mal seizures. 
D)  post-concussive syndrome.

Question 9

Oxygen deprivation in neurons leads to a "cascade" of enzyme activity triggered by abnormally

Accepted Answer

A)  high levels of sodium activity. 
B)  low levels of sodium activity. 
C)  high levels of calcium activity. 
D)  high levels of potassium activity. 
A)  high levels of sodium activity. 
B)  low levels of sodium activity. 
C)  high levels of calcium activity. 
D)  high levels of potassium activity.

Question 10

In studies of prion proteins in cell culture, the abnormal prions

Accepted Answer

A)  "hijack" deoxyribonucleic acid (DN
A)  in order to produce more abnormal prions. 
B)  convert normal prions into the abnormal form. 
C)  increase calcium influx, which triggers apoptosis. 
D)  enhance the expression of death genes that produce caspases. 
A)  "hijack" deoxyribonucleic acid (DN
A)  in order to produce more abnormal prions. 
B)  convert normal prions into the abnormal form. 
C)  increase calcium influx, which triggers apoptosis. 
D)  enhance the expression of death genes that produce caspases.

Question 11

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship between epilepsy and the results of electroencephalograph (EEG) and imaging?

Accepted Answer

A)  All individuals with epilepsy will show abnormal brain activity, which is never seen in people without the disorder. 
B)  All individuals with epilepsy will show abnormal brain activity, but some healthy people show the same patterns. 
C)  Some individuals with epilepsy show abnormal brain activity, but some healthy people show the same patterns. 
D)  Some individuals with epilepsy show abnormal brain activity, but healthy people never show these patterns. 
A)  All individuals with epilepsy will show abnormal brain activity, which is never seen in people without the disorder. 
B)  All individuals with epilepsy will show abnormal brain activity, but some healthy people show the same patterns. 
C)  Some individuals with epilepsy show abnormal brain activity, but some healthy people show the same patterns. 
D)  Some individuals with epilepsy show abnormal brain activity, but healthy people never show these patterns.

Question 12

Which of the following people is at highest risk for multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  an elderly man with a family history of multiple sclerosis living in Panama 
B)  a young man living in California who spends a lot of time in the sun as a construction worker 
C)  an older woman with a family history of multiple sclerosis who lives in Mexico 
D)  a young woman with a history of mononucleosis living in New York 
A)  an elderly man with a family history of multiple sclerosis living in Panama 
B)  a young man living in California who spends a lot of time in the sun as a construction worker 
C)  an older woman with a family history of multiple sclerosis who lives in Mexico 
D)  a young woman with a history of mononucleosis living in New York

Question 13

Most gliomas develop in

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons. 
B)  astrocytes and oligodendrocytes or a combination of the two. 
C)  Schwann and amacrine cells. 
D)  the membranes covering the brain. 
A)  neurons. 
B)  astrocytes and oligodendrocytes or a combination of the two. 
C)  Schwann and amacrine cells. 
D)  the membranes covering the brain.

Question 14

Phencyclidine (PCP) is a potent glutamate antagonist that is known to produce psychotic behavior in humans. Given what you know about stroke, what would happen if somebody used PCP right after a stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would increase the damage initiated by the stroke. 
B)  It might have a protective effect against further cell death, but the psychotic side effects would be problematic. 
C)  It would not produce any psychotic symptoms due to stroke-related changes in brain biochemistry. 
D)  It would have no observable effects on cell health or psychotic behavior. 
A)  It would increase the damage initiated by the stroke. 
B)  It might have a protective effect against further cell death, but the psychotic side effects would be problematic. 
C)  It would not produce any psychotic symptoms due to stroke-related changes in brain biochemistry. 
D)  It would have no observable effects on cell health or psychotic behavior.

Question 15

Symptoms that occur following a concussion

Accepted Answer

A)  occur only in cases in which unconsciousness lasts for more than a day. 
B)  occur only in cases in which bleeding has required surgery. 
C)  can produce lack of concentration and memory loss. 
D)  are usually so mild that the patient does not notice any changes. 
A)  occur only in cases in which unconsciousness lasts for more than a day. 
B)  occur only in cases in which bleeding has required surgery. 
C)  can produce lack of concentration and memory loss. 
D)  are usually so mild that the patient does not notice any changes.

Question 16

Paroxysmal depolarizing shifts (PDSs) characterize which of the following types of seizures?

Accepted Answer

A)  absence and tonic-clonic seizures 
B)  absence and simple partial seizures 
C)  simple and complex partial seizures 
D)  tonic-clonic and complex partial seizures 
A)  absence and tonic-clonic seizures 
B)  absence and simple partial seizures 
C)  simple and complex partial seizures 
D)  tonic-clonic and complex partial seizures

Question 17

In Jacksonian seizures, which of the following is disturbed?

Accepted Answer

A)  visual behavior 
B)  auditory behavior 
C)  motor behavior 
D)  consciousness 
A)  visual behavior 
B)  auditory behavior 
C)  motor behavior 
D)  consciousness

Question 18

Absence seizure is another term for

Accepted Answer

A)  the tonic phase of grand mal seizures. 
B)  the clonic phase of grand mal seizures. 
C)  a petit mal seizure. 
D)  the Jacksonian march. 
A)  the tonic phase of grand mal seizures. 
B)  the clonic phase of grand mal seizures. 
C)  a petit mal seizure. 
D)  the Jacksonian march.

Question 19

So-called mad cow disease is a type of

Accepted Answer

A)  TSE. 
B)  encephalitis. 
C)  meningitis. 
D)  kuru. 
A)  TSE. 
B)  encephalitis. 
C)  meningitis. 
D)  kuru.

Question 20

Your physician somberly informs you that you have been diagnosed with a Grade I tumor and will require surgery. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  You may want to pass up the surgery and concentrate on enjoying your remaining time, as Grade I tumors are typically rapidly fatal with or without treatment. 
B)  You should ask for a second opinion, as Grade I tumors are benign and do not need to be removed through surgery. 
C)  You can feel mildly optimistic, as Grade I tumors tend to recur after surgery, but they also grow slowly. 
D)  Your chances of survival are relatively good, as Grade I tumors are usually benign, slow-growing, and respond well to surgery. 
A)  You may want to pass up the surgery and concentrate on enjoying your remaining time, as Grade I tumors are typically rapidly fatal with or without treatment. 
B)  You should ask for a second opinion, as Grade I tumors are benign and do not need to be removed through surgery. 
C)  You can feel mildly optimistic, as Grade I tumors tend to recur after surgery, but they also grow slowly. 
D)  Your chances of survival are relatively good, as Grade I tumors are usually benign, slow-growing, and respond well to surgery.

Independent growths of new tissue that lack purpose are known as

The World Health Organization (WHO) establishes grading for tumors from Grade I to Grade IV. Explain these grades, the hallmarks of cancer seen for each grade, and differences in prognosis based on grade.

Most cases of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) probably resulted from

The outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Great Britain and other countries during the 1990s probably resulted from

Oligodendrocytes are destroyed by the autoimmune disease of multiple sclerosis.

Changes in consciousness frequently accompany

The autopsy results from cases of dementia pugilistica, or boxer's syndrome, most closely resemble

A young woman tells her physician that she is troubled by pain and tingling sensations in her legs. It is likely that she will be evaluated for

Oxygen deprivation in neurons leads to a "cascade" of enzyme activity triggered by abnormally

In studies of prion proteins in cell culture, the abnormal prions

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship between epilepsy and the results of electroencephalograph (EEG) and imaging?

Which of the following people is at highest risk for multiple sclerosis?

Most gliomas develop in

Phencyclidine (PCP) is a potent glutamate antagonist that is known to produce psychotic behavior in humans. Given what you know about stroke, what would happen if somebody used PCP right after a stroke?

Symptoms that occur following a concussion

Paroxysmal depolarizing shifts (PDSs) characterize which of the following types of seizures?

In Jacksonian seizures, which of the following is disturbed?

Absence seizure is another term for

So-called mad cow disease is a type of

Your physician somberly informs you that you have been diagnosed with a Grade I tumor and will require surgery. What does this mean?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 15: Neuropsychology

Independent growths of new tissue that lack purpose are known as

The World Health Organization (WHO) establishes grading for tumors from Grade I to Grade IV. Explain these grades, the hallmarks of cancer seen for each grade, and differences in prognosis based on grade.

Most cases of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) probably resulted from

The outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Great Britain and other countries during the 1990s probably resulted from

Oligodendrocytes are destroyed by the autoimmune disease of multiple sclerosis.

Changes in consciousness frequently accompany

The autopsy results from cases of dementia pugilistica, or boxer's syndrome, most closely resemble

A young woman tells her physician that she is troubled by pain and tingling sensations in her legs. It is likely that she will be evaluated for

Oxygen deprivation in neurons leads to a "cascade" of enzyme activity triggered by abnormally

In studies of prion proteins in cell culture, the abnormal prions

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship between epilepsy and the results of electroencephalograph (EEG) and imaging?

Which of the following people is at highest risk for multiple sclerosis?

Most gliomas develop in

Phencyclidine (PCP) is a potent glutamate antagonist that is known to produce psychotic behavior in humans. Given what you know about stroke, what would happen if somebody used PCP right after a stroke?

Symptoms that occur following a concussion

Paroxysmal depolarizing shifts (PDSs) characterize which of the following types of seizures?

In Jacksonian seizures, which of the following is disturbed?

Absence seizure is another term for

So-called mad cow disease is a type of

Your physician somberly informs you that you have been diagnosed with a Grade I tumor and will require surgery. What does this mean?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology

Filters