Question 1

The "rule" that says humans should drink eight cups of plain water per day is

Accepted Answer

A)  a good one, because that is about the right amount of fluids everybody needs. 
B)  not so good, because we need about twice that much fluid for good health and skin. 
C)  unnecessary, because we take in all the fluids we need from our foods. 
D)  unnecessary, because we take in about half the fluid we need from our foods. 
A)  a good one, because that is about the right amount of fluids everybody needs. 
B)  not so good, because we need about twice that much fluid for good health and skin. 
C)  unnecessary, because we take in all the fluids we need from our foods. 
D)  unnecessary, because we take in about half the fluid we need from our foods.

Question 2

ADH or vasopressin controls the retention of fluid while aldosterone controls the retention of sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Extreme thirst may occur in cases of diabetes mellitus due to

Accepted Answer

A)  low blood volume. 
B)  low concentrations of solutes in the blood. 
C)  high concentrations of solutes in the blood. 
D)  high blood volume. 
A)  low blood volume. 
B)  low concentrations of solutes in the blood. 
C)  high concentrations of solutes in the blood. 
D)  high blood volume.

Question 4

In addition to receiving input from thermoreceptors in the skin and spinal cord, warm-sensitive cells in the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

A)  receive input from cold-sensitive but not temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA. 
B)  have receptors that sense temperature change in their vicinity. 
C)  receive input from both cold-insensitive and temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA. 
D)  receive input from temperature-insensitive but not cold-sensitive neurons in the POA. 
A)  receive input from cold-sensitive but not temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA. 
B)  have receptors that sense temperature change in their vicinity. 
C)  receive input from both cold-insensitive and temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA. 
D)  receive input from temperature-insensitive but not cold-sensitive neurons in the POA.

Question 5

Osmoreceptors appear to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase their rate of firing when placed in a hypertonic solution and decrease their rate of firing when placed in a hypotonic solution. 
B)  increase their rate of firing when placed in a hypotonic solution and decrease their rate of firing when placed in a hypertonic solution. 
C)  increase their rate of firing when blood pressure drops. 
D)  decrease their rate of firing when blood pressure drops. 
A)  increase their rate of firing when placed in a hypertonic solution and decrease their rate of firing when placed in a hypotonic solution. 
B)  increase their rate of firing when placed in a hypotonic solution and decrease their rate of firing when placed in a hypertonic solution. 
C)  increase their rate of firing when blood pressure drops. 
D)  decrease their rate of firing when blood pressure drops.

Question 6

Cells releasing orexins (hypocretins) become more active when

Accepted Answer

A)  both leptin and ghrelin levels are high. 
B)  both leptin and ghrelin levels are low. 
C)  leptin levels are low and ghrelin levels are high. 
D)  leptin levels are high and ghrelin levels are low. 
A)  both leptin and ghrelin levels are high. 
B)  both leptin and ghrelin levels are low. 
C)  leptin levels are low and ghrelin levels are high. 
D)  leptin levels are high and ghrelin levels are low.

Question 7

A biologist is studying an animal with an elongated body and very long legs, ears, and tail. It is likely that this animal lives in a _________ climate.

Accepted Answer

A)  cold 
B)  moderate 
C)  hot 
D)  dry 
A)  cold 
B)  moderate 
C)  hot 
D)  dry

Question 8

Risk for hyperthermia is increased when a

Accepted Answer

A)  person has immune system problems. 
B)  woman is approaching menopause. 
C)  person has a low thyroid condition. 
D)  person is using antibiotics. 
A)  person has immune system problems. 
B)  woman is approaching menopause. 
C)  person has a low thyroid condition. 
D)  person is using antibiotics.

Question 9

Animals with large body volumes generate _________ animals with small body volumes.

Accepted Answer

A)  more heat than 
B)  less heat than 
C)  the same amount of heat as 
D)  more heat than some animals with small body volumes and less heat than other 
A)  more heat than 
B)  less heat than 
C)  the same amount of heat as 
D)  more heat than some animals with small body volumes and less heat than other

Question 10

Tennie is in her physiology lab and is working on a lab project. Her teacher hands out a syringe filled with an isotonic solution. The solution has

Accepted Answer

A)  a higher concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. 
B)  a lower concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. 
C)  an equal concentration of solutes as normal body fluids. 
D)  the same solutes in the same concentrations as normal body fluids. 
A)  a higher concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. 
B)  a lower concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. 
C)  an equal concentration of solutes as normal body fluids. 
D)  the same solutes in the same concentrations as normal body fluids.

Question 11

Obesity is probably caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  one gene that results in your body not using nutrients properly. 
B)  eating the same amount that thin people eat. 
C)  a number of complex, interacting factors. 
D)  the same factors in humans as in other mammals. 
A)  one gene that results in your body not using nutrients properly. 
B)  eating the same amount that thin people eat. 
C)  a number of complex, interacting factors. 
D)  the same factors in humans as in other mammals.

Question 12

Which of the following behaviors is mostly influenced by emotions and learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  eating chocolate 
B)  drinking water after exercise 
C)  shivering in the cold 
D)  standing in the shade on a hot day 
A)  eating chocolate 
B)  drinking water after exercise 
C)  shivering in the cold 
D)  standing in the shade on a hot day

Question 13

________ involves a cyclical pattern of binge eating followed by purging through compensatory methods, such as inducing vomiting or the use of laxatives.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anorexia nervosa 
B)  Binge-eating disorder 
C)  Orthorexia nervosa 
D)  Bulimia nervosa 
A)  Anorexia nervosa 
B)  Binge-eating disorder 
C)  Orthorexia nervosa 
D)  Bulimia nervosa

Question 14

Hyponatremia occurs when sodium levels are high, but fluid levels are low.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Professor Rayfield is discussing body temperature and surface area to volume ratio. He tells the class that a _____ would have to work harder to maintain body heat.

Accepted Answer

A)  horse 
B)  rat 
C)  human 
D)  whale 
A)  horse 
B)  rat 
C)  human 
D)  whale

Question 16

During the summer heat, Bennett stays cool by

Accepted Answer

A)  perspiring and dilating his blood vessels. 
B)  perspiring and constricting his blood vessels. 
C)  increasing his thyroid activity and reducing his brown fat cell numbers. 
D)  stimulating his brown fat activity and increasing his white fat cell numbers. 
A)  perspiring and dilating his blood vessels. 
B)  perspiring and constricting his blood vessels. 
C)  increasing his thyroid activity and reducing his brown fat cell numbers. 
D)  stimulating his brown fat activity and increasing his white fat cell numbers.

Question 17

Pyrogens influence fever by which of the following mechanisms of action?

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting the activity of temperature-insensitive neurons 
B)  increasing the activity of cold-sensitive neurons 
C)  reducing the activity of warm-sensitive neurons 
D)  increasing the activity of warm-sensitive neurons 
A)  inhibiting the activity of temperature-insensitive neurons 
B)  increasing the activity of cold-sensitive neurons 
C)  reducing the activity of warm-sensitive neurons 
D)  increasing the activity of warm-sensitive neurons

Question 18

Warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals attempt to maintain

Accepted Answer

A)  approximately the same internal temperatures but do so through different methods. 
B)  approximately the same internal temperatures using the same methods. 
C)  very different internal temperatures, with the warm-blooded animals having internal temperatures about 10°F higher than cold-blooded animals. 
D)  very different internal temperatures but use the same methods to maintain their respective set points. 
A)  approximately the same internal temperatures but do so through different methods. 
B)  approximately the same internal temperatures using the same methods. 
C)  very different internal temperatures, with the warm-blooded animals having internal temperatures about 10°F higher than cold-blooded animals. 
D)  very different internal temperatures but use the same methods to maintain their respective set points.

Question 19

Animals that maintain their core temperature through internal metabolic activity are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  endotherms. 
B)  ectotherms. 
C)  mesotherms. 
D)  cold-blooded animals. 
A)  endotherms. 
B)  ectotherms. 
C)  mesotherms. 
D)  cold-blooded animals.

Question 20

Regarding reward, what is the difference between wanting and liking? Describe the brain regions involved with each.

Accepted Answer

Reward is not a single process. Instead,

The "rule" that says humans should drink eight cups of plain water per day is

ADH or vasopressin controls the retention of fluid while aldosterone controls the retention of sodium.

Extreme thirst may occur in cases of diabetes mellitus due to

In addition to receiving input from thermoreceptors in the skin and spinal cord, warm-sensitive cells in the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus

Osmoreceptors appear to

Cells releasing orexins (hypocretins) become more active when

A biologist is studying an animal with an elongated body and very long legs, ears, and tail. It is likely that this animal lives in a _________ climate.

Risk for hyperthermia is increased when a

Animals with large body volumes generate _________ animals with small body volumes.

Tennie is in her physiology lab and is working on a lab project. Her teacher hands out a syringe filled with an isotonic solution. The solution has

Obesity is probably caused by

Which of the following behaviors is mostly influenced by emotions and learning?

________ involves a cyclical pattern of binge eating followed by purging through compensatory methods, such as inducing vomiting or the use of laxatives.

Hyponatremia occurs when sodium levels are high, but fluid levels are low.

Professor Rayfield is discussing body temperature and surface area to volume ratio. He tells the class that a _____ would have to work harder to maintain body heat.

During the summer heat, Bennett stays cool by

Pyrogens influence fever by which of the following mechanisms of action?

Warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals attempt to maintain

Animals that maintain their core temperature through internal metabolic activity are known as

Regarding reward, what is the difference between wanting and liking? Describe the brain regions involved with each.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 9: Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

The "rule" that says humans should drink eight cups of plain water per day is

ADH or vasopressin controls the retention of fluid while aldosterone controls the retention of sodium.

Extreme thirst may occur in cases of diabetes mellitus due to

In addition to receiving input from thermoreceptors in the skin and spinal cord, warm-sensitive cells in the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus

Osmoreceptors appear to

Cells releasing orexins (hypocretins) become more active when

A biologist is studying an animal with an elongated body and very long legs, ears, and tail. It is likely that this animal lives in a _________ climate.

Risk for hyperthermia is increased when a

Animals with large body volumes generate _________ animals with small body volumes.

Tennie is in her physiology lab and is working on a lab project. Her teacher hands out a syringe filled with an isotonic solution. The solution has

Obesity is probably caused by

Which of the following behaviors is mostly influenced by emotions and learning?

________ involves a cyclical pattern of binge eating followed by purging through compensatory methods, such as inducing vomiting or the use of laxatives.

Hyponatremia occurs when sodium levels are high, but fluid levels are low.

Professor Rayfield is discussing body temperature and surface area to volume ratio. He tells the class that a _____ would have to work harder to maintain body heat.

During the summer heat, Bennett stays cool by

Pyrogens influence fever by which of the following mechanisms of action?

Warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals attempt to maintain

Animals that maintain their core temperature through internal metabolic activity are known as

Regarding reward, what is the difference between wanting and liking? Describe the brain regions involved with each.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters