Question 1

Professor Ocampo studies drinking behavior in rats. She has found that rats will begin drinking when

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone reaches the OVLT. 
B)  aldosterone reaches the subfornical organ. 
C)  angiotensin II reaches the OVLT. 
D)  angiotensin II reaches the subfornical organ. 
A)  aldosterone reaches the OVLT. 
B)  aldosterone reaches the subfornical organ. 
C)  angiotensin II reaches the OVLT. 
D)  angiotensin II reaches the subfornical organ.

Question 2

Baroreceptors are located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  OVLT. 
B)  heart and kidneys. 
C)  medulla. 
D)  stomach and digestive tract. 
A)  OVLT. 
B)  heart and kidneys. 
C)  medulla. 
D)  stomach and digestive tract.

Question 3

What are the mechanisms for satiety?

Accepted Answer

Satiety, or fullness, occurs long before

Question 4

Kyle's father loves to add salt to his food, but given the family's history of high blood pressure and stroke, he is trying to avoid this practice. Why is eating less salt important in controlling blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excess salt damages the kidneys, resulting in a buildup of fluids leading to high blood pressure. 
B)  The kidneys get accustomed to higher levels of salt, interfering with their ability to monitor fluid levels properly. 
C)  High levels of salt in the blood cause water to leave the cells, and the higher blood volume increases blood pressure. 
D)  Higher levels of salt intake stimulate overdrinking and the resulting higher blood volume leads to high blood pressure. 
A)  Excess salt damages the kidneys, resulting in a buildup of fluids leading to high blood pressure. 
B)  The kidneys get accustomed to higher levels of salt, interfering with their ability to monitor fluid levels properly. 
C)  High levels of salt in the blood cause water to leave the cells, and the higher blood volume increases blood pressure. 
D)  Higher levels of salt intake stimulate overdrinking and the resulting higher blood volume leads to high blood pressure.

Question 5

Kimberlie's core temperature has increased. As a result,

Accepted Answer

A)  all temperature-sensitive neurons in her POA will increase their firing rates. 
B)  all temperature-sensitive neurons in her POA will decrease their firing rates. 
C)  warm-sensitive neurons will increase their firing rates, while cold-sensitive and temperature-insensitive neurons will maintain a steady rate of firing. 
D)  warm-sensitive neurons will inhibit cold-sensitive neurons, while temperature-insensitive neurons will not change. 
A)  all temperature-sensitive neurons in her POA will increase their firing rates. 
B)  all temperature-sensitive neurons in her POA will decrease their firing rates. 
C)  warm-sensitive neurons will increase their firing rates, while cold-sensitive and temperature-insensitive neurons will maintain a steady rate of firing. 
D)  warm-sensitive neurons will inhibit cold-sensitive neurons, while temperature-insensitive neurons will not change.

Question 6

Insulin levels

Accepted Answer

A)  remain constant over time. 
B)  increase following a meal. 
C)  decrease following a meal. 
D)  fluctuate according to ultradian rhythms. 
A)  remain constant over time. 
B)  increase following a meal. 
C)  decrease following a meal. 
D)  fluctuate according to ultradian rhythms.

Question 7

Shivering and blood vessel constriction

Accepted Answer

A)  dissipate heat in ectotherms. 
B)  dissipate heat in endotherms. 
C)  generate and conserve heat in ectotherms. 
D)  generate and conserve heat in endotherms. 
A)  dissipate heat in ectotherms. 
B)  dissipate heat in endotherms. 
C)  generate and conserve heat in ectotherms. 
D)  generate and conserve heat in endotherms.

Question 8

Although it may not have been the initial reason she became anorexic, describe two changes in the nervous system that LeeAnne might experience as a result of being anorexic.

Accepted Answer

Answer will vary, sample answer:
LeeAnne

Question 9

Individuals who have recovered from anorexia nervosa show _________ levels.

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated NPY 
B)  reduced NPY 
C)  elevated CART 
D)  reduced CART 
A)  elevated NPY 
B)  reduced NPY 
C)  elevated CART 
D)  reduced CART

Question 10

Temperature set points result from comparisons between the activity of temperature-sensitive and temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Symptoms of untreated diabetes mellitus include

Accepted Answer

A)  unexpected weight gains and excess urination. 
B)  unexpected weight loss, thirst, and excess urination. 
C)  unexpected weight gains and lack of thirst. 
D)  unexpected weight loss and reduced urination. 
A)  unexpected weight gains and excess urination. 
B)  unexpected weight loss, thirst, and excess urination. 
C)  unexpected weight gains and lack of thirst. 
D)  unexpected weight loss and reduced urination.

Question 12

MC4 receptors in the lateral hypothalamus are

Accepted Answer

A)  activated by AgRP, leading to satiety. 
B)  activated by AgRP, leading to feeding behavior. 
C)  blocked by AgRP, leading to satiety. 
D)  blocked by AgRP, leading to feeding behavior. 
A)  activated by AgRP, leading to satiety. 
B)  activated by AgRP, leading to feeding behavior. 
C)  blocked by AgRP, leading to satiety. 
D)  blocked by AgRP, leading to feeding behavior.

Question 13

Electrolytes are

Accepted Answer

A)  substances that have broken up into ions in a solution. 
B)  solutes that do not carry an electrical charge. 
C)  positively charged solutes. 
D)  negatively charged solutes. 
A)  substances that have broken up into ions in a solution. 
B)  solutes that do not carry an electrical charge. 
C)  positively charged solutes. 
D)  negatively charged solutes.

Question 14

Core temperatures in humans

Accepted Answer

A)  should be maintained within a range of 10 degrees in order for us to feel well. 
B)  are not as important as they are in animals that are ectotherms. 
C)  can vary quite a bit from person to person but must be maintained within a range of 10 degrees in order for us to feel well. 
D)  must be maintained within a very few degrees or life-threatening conditions can occur. 
A)  should be maintained within a range of 10 degrees in order for us to feel well. 
B)  are not as important as they are in animals that are ectotherms. 
C)  can vary quite a bit from person to person but must be maintained within a range of 10 degrees in order for us to feel well. 
D)  must be maintained within a very few degrees or life-threatening conditions can occur.

Question 15

Between 1988 and 2015, rates of obesity in the United States

Accepted Answer

A)  remained approximately the same, although other nations experienced rising rates. 
B)  declined, although other nations experienced rising rates. 
C)  increased slightly, a trend that also occurred in other nations. 
D)  increased significantly in all 50 states. 
A)  remained approximately the same, although other nations experienced rising rates. 
B)  declined, although other nations experienced rising rates. 
C)  increased slightly, a trend that also occurred in other nations. 
D)  increased significantly in all 50 states.

Question 16

Hypothermia occurs when a person's core body temperature

Accepted Answer

A)  increases to 102°F. 
B)  increases to 104°F. 
C)  decreases below 98°F. 
D)  decreases below 95°F. 
A)  increases to 102°F. 
B)  increases to 104°F. 
C)  decreases below 98°F. 
D)  decreases below 95°F.

Question 17

Temperature regulation is managed by a

Accepted Answer

A)  single system in the hypothalamus. 
B)  single system in the spinal cord. 
C)  hierarchy of systems extending from the spinal cord to the hypothalamus. 
D)  hierarchy of systems extending from the medulla to the spinal cord. 
A)  single system in the hypothalamus. 
B)  single system in the spinal cord. 
C)  hierarchy of systems extending from the spinal cord to the hypothalamus. 
D)  hierarchy of systems extending from the medulla to the spinal cord.

Question 18

If for some reason your hypothalamus doesn't raise your core temperature when you are exposed to very cold temperatures,

Accepted Answer

A)  you will die of hypothermia. 
B)  you will die of hyperthermia. 
C)  your brainstem and spinal cord will attempt to raise your core temperature. 
D)  your temporal lobe will tell you to move to a warmer environment, which will take care of the problem. 
A)  you will die of hypothermia. 
B)  you will die of hyperthermia. 
C)  your brainstem and spinal cord will attempt to raise your core temperature. 
D)  your temporal lobe will tell you to move to a warmer environment, which will take care of the problem.

Question 19

Temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA and posterior hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

A)  play no role in the maintenance of core temperature. 
B)  increase their firing rate when temperature reaches a set point. 
C)  maintain a fairly steady firing rate. 
D)  increase their firing rate when core temperature increases. 
A)  play no role in the maintenance of core temperature. 
B)  increase their firing rate when temperature reaches a set point. 
C)  maintain a fairly steady firing rate. 
D)  increase their firing rate when core temperature increases.

Question 20

(see Figure 9.12)
  
-In this image, structure #1, which is the ___________________________________, receives input from structure #2, the ____________________, and structure #7, the_________________________.

Accepted Answer

median preoptic nucl

Professor Ocampo studies drinking behavior in rats. She has found that rats will begin drinking when

Baroreceptors are located in the

What are the mechanisms for satiety?

Kyle's father loves to add salt to his food, but given the family's history of high blood pressure and stroke, he is trying to avoid this practice. Why is eating less salt important in controlling blood pressure?

Kimberlie's core temperature has increased. As a result,

Insulin levels

Shivering and blood vessel constriction

Although it may not have been the initial reason she became anorexic, describe two changes in the nervous system that LeeAnne might experience as a result of being anorexic.

Individuals who have recovered from anorexia nervosa show _________ levels.

Temperature set points result from comparisons between the activity of temperature-sensitive and temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA.

Symptoms of untreated diabetes mellitus include

MC4 receptors in the lateral hypothalamus are

Electrolytes are

Core temperatures in humans

Between 1988 and 2015, rates of obesity in the United States

Hypothermia occurs when a person's core body temperature

Temperature regulation is managed by a

If for some reason your hypothalamus doesn't raise your core temperature when you are exposed to very cold temperatures,

Temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA and posterior hypothalamus

(see Figure 9.12) -In this image, structure #1, which is the ___________, receives input from structure #2, the , and structure #7, the_.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 9: Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Professor Ocampo studies drinking behavior in rats. She has found that rats will begin drinking when

Baroreceptors are located in the

What are the mechanisms for satiety?

Kyle's father loves to add salt to his food, but given the family's history of high blood pressure and stroke, he is trying to avoid this practice. Why is eating less salt important in controlling blood pressure?

Kimberlie's core temperature has increased. As a result,

Insulin levels

Shivering and blood vessel constriction

Although it may not have been the initial reason she became anorexic, describe two changes in the nervous system that LeeAnne might experience as a result of being anorexic.

Individuals who have recovered from anorexia nervosa show _________ levels.

Temperature set points result from comparisons between the activity of temperature-sensitive and temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA.

Symptoms of untreated diabetes mellitus include

MC4 receptors in the lateral hypothalamus are

Electrolytes are

Core temperatures in humans

Between 1988 and 2015, rates of obesity in the United States

Hypothermia occurs when a person's core body temperature

Temperature regulation is managed by a

If for some reason your hypothalamus doesn't raise your core temperature when you are exposed to very cold temperatures,

Temperature-insensitive neurons in the POA and posterior hypothalamus

(see Figure 9.12) -In this image, structure #1, which is the ___________________________________, receives input from structure #2, the ____________________, and structure #7, the_________________________.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

(see Figure 9.12) -In this image, structure #1, which is the ___________, receives input from structure #2, the , and structure #7, the_.