Question 1

The two most common extracellular ions are:

Accepted Answer

A) sodium and potassium. 
B) potassium and chloride. 
C) phosphorus and calcium. 
D) sodium and chloride. 
A) sodium and potassium. 
B) potassium and chloride. 
C) phosphorus and calcium. 
D) sodium and chloride.

Question 2

In the majority of cases,the cause of hypertension is:

Accepted Answer

A) excessive salt intake. 
B) kidney disease. 
C) sleep apnea. 
D) unknown. 
A) excessive salt intake. 
B) kidney disease. 
C) sleep apnea. 
D) unknown.

Question 3

Which of the following will likely result if the concentration of electrolytes inside a cell is higher than in the extracellular environment?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell will swell or burst. 
B) The cell will shrink and dry up. 
C) The cell will undergo mitosis and divide. 
D) The cell will be unaffected. 
A) The cell will swell or burst. 
B) The cell will shrink and dry up. 
C) The cell will undergo mitosis and divide. 
D) The cell will be unaffected.

Question 4

Insensible water loss is:

Accepted Answer

A) water lost during illness or trauma. 
B) water lost during intense exercise. 
C) water lost through perspiration and respiration. 
D) water lost through urination. 
A) water lost during illness or trauma. 
B) water lost during intense exercise. 
C) water lost through perspiration and respiration. 
D) water lost through urination.

Question 5

Diets high in sodium are associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) breast cancer. 
B) diabetes mellitus. 
C) obesity. 
D) high blood pressure. 
A) breast cancer. 
B) diabetes mellitus. 
C) obesity. 
D) high blood pressure.

Question 6

The two most common intracellular ions are:

Accepted Answer

A) potassium and phosphate. 
B) sodium and potassium. 
C) phosphorus and calcium. 
D) sodium and chloride. 
A) potassium and phosphate. 
B) sodium and potassium. 
C) phosphorus and calcium. 
D) sodium and chloride.

Question 7

Hyponatremia is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) insufficient intake of dietary sodium. 
B) excessive intake of dietary sodium. 
C) insufficient intake of dietary sodium and overhydration. 
D) overhydration. 
A) insufficient intake of dietary sodium. 
B) excessive intake of dietary sodium. 
C) insufficient intake of dietary sodium and overhydration. 
D) overhydration.

Question 8

Hypertension affects approximately ________ of all adult Americans.

Accepted Answer

A) 5% 
B) 30% 
C) 60% 
D) 75% 
A) 5% 
B) 30% 
C) 60% 
D) 75%

Question 9

Water formed during oxidative metabolism accounts for what percentage of the water the body needs each day?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 - 5% 
B) 10 - 14% 
C) 20 - 25% 
D) more than 30% 
A) 0 - 5% 
B) 10 - 14% 
C) 20 - 25% 
D) more than 30%

Question 10

Living in areas of higher altitude increases fluid loss.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Explain the role of electrolytes and ions in body fluid,and describe their characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes and ions play a crucial rol

Question 12

Drinking eight glasses of fluid each day ensures that all healthy adults will meet their fluid needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The MOST significant contributor to weight gain and obesity in the United States in recent years has been:

Accepted Answer

A) produce prices. 
B) soft drinks and fruit juices. 
C) shorter work weeks. 
D) ready-made meals. 
A) produce prices. 
B) soft drinks and fruit juices. 
C) shorter work weeks. 
D) ready-made meals.

Question 14

Liz has recently been diagnosed with hypertension.Detail the lifestyle changes that are important for Liz to identify and modify in an effort to improve her situation.What do we know and understand about hypertension,and what isn't clear?

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle changes are crucial for managi

Question 15

Who would have the highest percent of total body water?

Accepted Answer

A) 20-year-old obese male 
B) 20-year-old lean female 
C) 20-year-old lean male 
D) 20-year-old obese female 
A) 20-year-old obese male 
B) 20-year-old lean female 
C) 20-year-old lean male 
D) 20-year-old obese female

Question 16

A potentially fatal condition characterized by the failure of the body's heat-regulating mechanisms is:

Accepted Answer

A) hypertension. 
B) fever. 
C) dehydration. 
D) heat stroke. 
A) hypertension. 
B) fever. 
C) dehydration. 
D) heat stroke.

Question 17

Which region of the brain controls fluid intake?

Accepted Answer

A) brain stem 
B) pituitary gland 
C) central sulcus 
D) hypothalamus 
A) brain stem 
B) pituitary gland 
C) central sulcus 
D) hypothalamus

Question 18

In the angiotensin-renin system,which protein is the active vasoconstrictor?

Accepted Answer

A) Renin 
B) Angiotensinogen 
C) Angiotensin I 
D) Angiotensin II 
A) Renin 
B) Angiotensinogen 
C) Angiotensin I 
D) Angiotensin II

Question 19

Phosphorus absorption is enhanced by:

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin C. 
B) potassium. 
C) vitamin D. 
D) iron. 
A) vitamin C. 
B) potassium. 
C) vitamin D. 
D) iron.

Question 20

Overhydration most commonly occurs in:

Accepted Answer

A) healthy adults who consume primarily vegetables and fruits. 
B) people with health problem that cause the kidneys to retain too much water. 
C) infants and young children. 
D) athletes. 
A) healthy adults who consume primarily vegetables and fruits. 
B) people with health problem that cause the kidneys to retain too much water. 
C) infants and young children. 
D) athletes.

Exam 13: Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The two most common extracellular ions are:

In the majority of cases,the cause of hypertension is:

Which of the following will likely result if the concentration of electrolytes inside a cell is higher than in the extracellular environment?

Insensible water loss is:

Diets high in sodium are associated with:

The two most common intracellular ions are:

Hyponatremia is associated with:

Hypertension affects approximately ________ of all adult Americans.

Water formed during oxidative metabolism accounts for what percentage of the water the body needs each day?

Living in areas of higher altitude increases fluid loss.

Explain the role of electrolytes and ions in body fluid,and describe their characteristics.

Drinking eight glasses of fluid each day ensures that all healthy adults will meet their fluid needs.

The MOST significant contributor to weight gain and obesity in the United States in recent years has been:

Liz has recently been diagnosed with hypertension.Detail the lifestyle changes that are important for Liz to identify and modify in an effort to improve her situation.What do we know and understand about hypertension,and what isn't clear?

Who would have the highest percent of total body water?

A potentially fatal condition characterized by the failure of the body's heat-regulating mechanisms is:

Which region of the brain controls fluid intake?

In the angiotensin-renin system,which protein is the active vasoconstrictor?

Phosphorus absorption is enhanced by:

Overhydration most commonly occurs in:

The Science of Nutrition: Linking Food, function, and Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

in Depth: Alcohol

Lipids: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

Phytochemicals

Disordered Eating

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Metabolism: From Food to Life

Nutrients Involved in Energy Metabolism

Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function and Vision

Nutrients Involved in Bone Health

Nutrients Involved in Blood Health and Immunity

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Consumer Issues: Food Safety, Production, and Impact on the Environment

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: The Later Years

Global Nutrition

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