Exam 6: Describing What People Do: Surveys,Observations,and Sampling

Dr.Katz is interested in studying self-esteem.He is especially curious as to whether people who have higher self-esteem say the words I and me more often than do those who have low self-esteem.He has decided to poll people and ask them how often they say these words during the day.Explain why you would advise him not to use this method and explain what alternative you would propose.

All of the following are true of observational data EXCEPT:

Which of the following is true?

Refer to Research Study 6.3 above to answer the following question. For each of Dr.Omiata's statements,say whether it is well worded.If it is not,indicate what the problem is and how it could be fixed.

RESEARCH STUDY 6.1 Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester-Psychology and Law class and Introduction to Neuroscience class. His survey has the following questions. -Refer to Research Study 6.1 above to answer the following question. Which of the questions above is an example of a forced-choice question?

A study by Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968)involved telling teachers that some of their students were "bloomers" and would achieve rapid academic success within the next year.In fact,these students were no different than any of the other students in the class.At the end of the year,the "bloomers" showed more gains in IQ than the other students.It appeared that the teacher had inadvertently treated the "bloomers" in special ways.This is an example of which of the following?

RESEARCH STUDY 6.2 Dr. Ewell, a developmental psychologist, is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same-sex friend pairs compared with opposite-sex friend pairs. -Refer to Research Study 6.2 above to answer the following question. Given the scenario above,Dr.Ewell is concerned that the children will behave differently because of the presence of research assistants.He is concerned about:

-Refer to Research Study 6.4 above to answer the following question. Imagine that Dr.Parrett wants to use a nonrepresentative sampling technique.Name the three types of nonprobability sampling and explain how each one could be used by Dr.Parrett.

RESEARCH STUDY 6.2 Dr. Ewell, a developmental psychologist, is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same-sex friend pairs compared with opposite-sex friend pairs. -Refer to Research Study 6.2 above to answer the following question. Given the scenario above,Dr.Ewell decides to collect his data at a neighborhood park.He has his two research assistants pose as a married couple having a picnic.While having their picnic,they take detailed records of the sharing behavior of the children and note whether the pairs are same sex or opposite sex.Given his use of two research assistants,he must establish the _______________ of their measures.

Which of the following is NOT true of interrater reliability?

RESEARCH STUDY 6.1 Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester-Psychology and Law class and Introduction to Neuroscience class. His survey has the following questions. -Refer to Research Study 6.1 above to answer the following question. In the above scenario,what is Dr.Kramer's population?

Dr.Gahan decides to create a questionnaire asking about people's attitudes toward immigration (a socially sensitive topic).He should be most concerned about which of the following?

RESEARCH STUDY 6.1 Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester-Psychology and Law class and Introduction to Neuroscience class. His survey has the following questions. -Refer to Research Study 6.1 above to answer the following question. In the above scenario,Dr.Kramer needs to avoid which of the following if he hopes to avoid having a biased sample?

-Refer to Research Study 6.4 above to answer the following question. Describe the three sampling problems that could lead to a biased sample for Dr.Parrett.

Dr.Fletcher is concerned about a fence-sitting response set when he conducts his survey.Which of the following might you recommend to decrease fence sitting?

How do reverse-worded items address shortcuts?

Explain the two reasons nonrandom samples are sometimes acceptable.

Why are double-barreled questions problematic?

RESEARCH STUDY 6.1 Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester-Psychology and Law class and Introduction to Neuroscience class. His survey has the following questions. -Refer to Research Study 6.1 above to answer the following question. In the above scenario,Dr.Kramer plans to give his survey only to his Psychology and Law students because he sees them on Mondays,Wednesdays,and Fridays and he can spare the class time (unlike his Tuesday/Thursday Introduction to Neuroscience class).Which of the following is true?

-Refer to Research Study 6.4 above to answer the following question. What is the difference between a cluster technique and a multistage technique? Explain why Dr.Parrett would be advised to use a cluster or a multistage technique rather than a simple random sample.