Question 1

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.
-Disciplinary tactics​

Accepted Answer

A) Parental guidance, teaching effectiveness, television, and other external influences 
B) Heredity, inborn traits, and inner motivation 
C) Studied the development of intelligence in children and proposed a theory based on four predetermined stages of mental growth 
D) Developed a bioecological model to explain expanding worries about school failure and behavioral, social, and emotional problems in children 
E) Empty slate
F)Special stickers or objects given to children for performing specified behaviors that are then exchanged at prearranged times for their choice activities or items from a menu of rewards
G)In behavior modification, this means to change specific behaviors in the child through external reinforcement of some kind.
H)Realized that play was the engine that naturally drove learning in young children; set about finding ways to guide children’s natural desire to play and to help them find additional meaning in their play
I)Affects a person’s perception of children, how they learn, what their intentions are, and why they behave as they do
J)Believed human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, striving for self-improvement and self-fulfillment, and contributing to the common welfare of the community
K)Process by which adults help children learn appropriate ways to function as part of a group
L)Took the abstract theories of Carl Rogers and developed a systematic set of guidelines for effective interpersonal skills
M)Identified what he called the “zone of proximal educational development”; believed that children develop by exposure to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are a little beyond their ability but within a “zone” of possible achievement
N)Snug binding of infants in strips of cloth or blankets
O)Focus on meeting minimal needs for health and safety
P)Aimed at controlling children’s behaviors, often by the use of punishment
Q)Held the view that the hope for world peace lay in a new education for young children
R)Modified Carkhuff’s work further to create an effective system for solving classroom management problems and motivating children to change their inappropriate behaviors 
A) Parental guidance, teaching effectiveness, television, and other external influences 
B) Heredity, inborn traits, and inner motivation 
C) Studied the development of intelligence in children and proposed a theory based on four predetermined stages of mental growth 
D) Developed a bioecological model to explain expanding worries about school failure and behavioral, social, and emotional problems in children 
E) Empty slate
F)Special stickers or objects given to children for performing specified behaviors that are then exchanged at prearranged times for their choice activities or items from a menu of rewards
G)In behavior modification, this means to change specific behaviors in the child through external reinforcement of some kind.
H)Realized that play was the engine that naturally drove learning in young children; set about finding ways to guide children’s natural desire to play and to help them find additional meaning in their play
I)Affects a person’s perception of children, how they learn, what their intentions are, and why they behave as they do
J)Believed human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, striving for self-improvement and self-fulfillment, and contributing to the common welfare of the community
K)Process by which adults help children learn appropriate ways to function as part of a group
L)Took the abstract theories of Carl Rogers and developed a systematic set of guidelines for effective interpersonal skills
M)Identified what he called the “zone of proximal educational development”; believed that children develop by exposure to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are a little beyond their ability but within a “zone” of possible achievement
N)Snug binding of infants in strips of cloth or blankets
O)Focus on meeting minimal needs for health and safety
P)Aimed at controlling children’s behaviors, often by the use of punishment
Q)Held the view that the hope for world peace lay in a new education for young children
R)Modified Carkhuff’s work further to create an effective system for solving classroom management problems and motivating children to change their inappropriate behaviors

Question 2

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.
-Alfred Adler​

Accepted Answer

A) Parental guidance, teaching effectiveness, television, and other external influences 
B) Heredity, inborn traits, and inner motivation 
C) Studied the development of intelligence in children and proposed a theory based on four predetermined stages of mental growth 
D) Developed a bioecological model to explain expanding worries about school failure and behavioral, social, and emotional problems in children 
E) Empty slate
F)Special stickers or objects given to children for performing specified behaviors that are then exchanged at prearranged times for their choice activities or items from a menu of rewards
G)In behavior modification, this means to change specific behaviors in the child through external reinforcement of some kind.
H)Realized that play was the engine that naturally drove learning in young children; set about finding ways to guide children’s natural desire to play and to help them find additional meaning in their play
I)Affects a person’s perception of children, how they learn, what their intentions are, and why they behave as they do
J)Believed human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, striving for self-improvement and self-fulfillment, and contributing to the common welfare of the community
K)Process by which adults help children learn appropriate ways to function as part of a group
L)Took the abstract theories of Carl Rogers and developed a systematic set of guidelines for effective interpersonal skills
M)Identified what he called the “zone of proximal educational development”; believed that children develop by exposure to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are a little beyond their ability but within a “zone” of possible achievement
N)Snug binding of infants in strips of cloth or blankets
O)Focus on meeting minimal needs for health and safety
P)Aimed at controlling children’s behaviors, often by the use of punishment
Q)Held the view that the hope for world peace lay in a new education for young children
R)Modified Carkhuff’s work further to create an effective system for solving classroom management problems and motivating children to change their inappropriate behaviors 
A) Parental guidance, teaching effectiveness, television, and other external influences 
B) Heredity, inborn traits, and inner motivation 
C) Studied the development of intelligence in children and proposed a theory based on four predetermined stages of mental growth 
D) Developed a bioecological model to explain expanding worries about school failure and behavioral, social, and emotional problems in children 
E) Empty slate
F)Special stickers or objects given to children for performing specified behaviors that are then exchanged at prearranged times for their choice activities or items from a menu of rewards
G)In behavior modification, this means to change specific behaviors in the child through external reinforcement of some kind.
H)Realized that play was the engine that naturally drove learning in young children; set about finding ways to guide children’s natural desire to play and to help them find additional meaning in their play
I)Affects a person’s perception of children, how they learn, what their intentions are, and why they behave as they do
J)Believed human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, striving for self-improvement and self-fulfillment, and contributing to the common welfare of the community
K)Process by which adults help children learn appropriate ways to function as part of a group
L)Took the abstract theories of Carl Rogers and developed a systematic set of guidelines for effective interpersonal skills
M)Identified what he called the “zone of proximal educational development”; believed that children develop by exposure to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are a little beyond their ability but within a “zone” of possible achievement
N)Snug binding of infants in strips of cloth or blankets
O)Focus on meeting minimal needs for health and safety
P)Aimed at controlling children’s behaviors, often by the use of punishment
Q)Held the view that the hope for world peace lay in a new education for young children
R)Modified Carkhuff’s work further to create an effective system for solving classroom management problems and motivating children to change their inappropriate behaviors

Question 3

One of the oldest debates related to children is disagreement over how children developpersonality and intelligence: the ____________________ versus nurture controversy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the oldest debates related to...

Question 4

Piaget thought that children must create their own knowledge through stages of____________________ with the environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Piaget thought that children must create their...

Question 5

Maturationists perceive that learning comes from​

Accepted Answer

A) inside the child. 
B) qualified teaching and parenting. 
C) a combination of maturation and environment. 
D) all of these. 
E) none of these. 
A) inside the child. 
B) qualified teaching and parenting. 
C) a combination of maturation and environment. 
D) all of these. 
E) none of these.

Question 6

How do constructivists see child guidance?​

Accepted Answer

​They believe that human learning result

Question 7

Jean Piaget's theory held that children's mental processes​

Accepted Answer

A) develop in predetermined stages of growth. 
B) enable children to progressively construct their own knowledge. 
C) cause the thinking of children to be qualitatively different from the thinking of adults. 
D) all of these. 
A) develop in predetermined stages of growth. 
B) enable children to progressively construct their own knowledge. 
C) cause the thinking of children to be qualitatively different from the thinking of adults. 
D) all of these.

Question 8

Children can learn how to function in a democracy by developing the necessary skills, such asconcepts of citizenship, self-reliance, appropriate work habits, and ability to cooperate inteamwork.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Vygotsky believed that​

Accepted Answer

A) children develop primarily as a result of their interaction with adults. 
B) child learning is closely tied to history and culture. 
C) language is the most important cognitive tool acquired by children. 
D) children develop best when exposed to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are justbeyond their ability. 
E) all of these. 
A) children develop primarily as a result of their interaction with adults. 
B) child learning is closely tied to history and culture. 
C) language is the most important cognitive tool acquired by children. 
D) children develop best when exposed to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are justbeyond their ability. 
E) all of these.

Question 10

In an autocracy, educated, responsible citizens are needed to provide effective self-governancethrough active participation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Child care has brought_____________ to many children's lives.

Accepted Answer

​new level

Question 12

Vygotsky said that children interact through ____________________, and through these socialand cultural interactions learn the values of their society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Vygotsky said that children interact through ____________________,...

Question 13

Child care has brought new levels of structure to many children's lives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

During the past century, ideas about children were influenced by two world wars, periods ofeconomic depression and prosperity, and the changing role of women in the workforce, as well asby growing scientific interest in child development ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the past century, ideas about children...

Question 15

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.
-Lev Vygotsky​

Accepted Answer

A) Parental guidance, teaching effectiveness, television, and other external influences 
B) Heredity, inborn traits, and inner motivation 
C) Studied the development of intelligence in children and proposed a theory based on four predetermined stages of mental growth 
D) Developed a bioecological model to explain expanding worries about school failure and behavioral, social, and emotional problems in children 
E) Empty slate
F)Special stickers or objects given to children for performing specified behaviors that are then exchanged at prearranged times for their choice activities or items from a menu of rewards
G)In behavior modification, this means to change specific behaviors in the child through external reinforcement of some kind.
H)Realized that play was the engine that naturally drove learning in young children; set about finding ways to guide children’s natural desire to play and to help them find additional meaning in their play
I)Affects a person’s perception of children, how they learn, what their intentions are, and why they behave as they do
J)Believed human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, striving for self-improvement and self-fulfillment, and contributing to the common welfare of the community
K)Process by which adults help children learn appropriate ways to function as part of a group
L)Took the abstract theories of Carl Rogers and developed a systematic set of guidelines for effective interpersonal skills
M)Identified what he called the “zone of proximal educational development”; believed that children develop by exposure to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are a little beyond their ability but within a “zone” of possible achievement
N)Snug binding of infants in strips of cloth or blankets
O)Focus on meeting minimal needs for health and safety
P)Aimed at controlling children’s behaviors, often by the use of punishment
Q)Held the view that the hope for world peace lay in a new education for young children
R)Modified Carkhuff’s work further to create an effective system for solving classroom management problems and motivating children to change their inappropriate behaviors 
A) Parental guidance, teaching effectiveness, television, and other external influences 
B) Heredity, inborn traits, and inner motivation 
C) Studied the development of intelligence in children and proposed a theory based on four predetermined stages of mental growth 
D) Developed a bioecological model to explain expanding worries about school failure and behavioral, social, and emotional problems in children 
E) Empty slate
F)Special stickers or objects given to children for performing specified behaviors that are then exchanged at prearranged times for their choice activities or items from a menu of rewards
G)In behavior modification, this means to change specific behaviors in the child through external reinforcement of some kind.
H)Realized that play was the engine that naturally drove learning in young children; set about finding ways to guide children’s natural desire to play and to help them find additional meaning in their play
I)Affects a person’s perception of children, how they learn, what their intentions are, and why they behave as they do
J)Believed human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, striving for self-improvement and self-fulfillment, and contributing to the common welfare of the community
K)Process by which adults help children learn appropriate ways to function as part of a group
L)Took the abstract theories of Carl Rogers and developed a systematic set of guidelines for effective interpersonal skills
M)Identified what he called the “zone of proximal educational development”; believed that children develop by exposure to skills, words, concepts, and tasks that are a little beyond their ability but within a “zone” of possible achievement
N)Snug binding of infants in strips of cloth or blankets
O)Focus on meeting minimal needs for health and safety
P)Aimed at controlling children’s behaviors, often by the use of punishment
Q)Held the view that the hope for world peace lay in a new education for young children
R)Modified Carkhuff’s work further to create an effective system for solving classroom management problems and motivating children to change their inappropriate behaviors

Question 16

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.​
-Ability to cooperate in teamwork​

Accepted Answer

A) Jean Piaget’s theory that children’s mental development proceeds in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from the thinking of adults; like John Dewey and Maria Montessori, Piaget believed early learning experiences had tremendous impact on children’s long-term cognitive development. 
B) Being a self-starter, a lifelong learner, and a creative problem-solver 
C) He had a world-famous school that was based on learning as a part of daily life, and was specifically designed to foster the characteristics that are essential for living in a democracy. 
D) Control by a single person having unlimited power 
E) Those holding the view that the environment is the primary determinant of human behavior and that objectively observable behavior constitutes the essential psychological makeup of a human being
F)His theory of personality was based on the humane and ethical treatment of persons. He argued that to reach their full potential, human beings must have positive regard from others that eventually leads to the development of positive self-regard. Robert Carkhuff and George Gazda refined his theories into practical, hands-on techniques beneficial to therapists and educators.
G)Being cooperative, having a sense of fair play, and respecting the rights of others
H)Having established habits of accomplishing tasks, taking pride in the accomplishments, and accepting responsibility for the results
I)Causes a wasting away of the child’s body. This condition can result from prolonged absence of emotional nurturance as well as from malnutrition, and affected infants typically show delays in motor and intellectual development.
J)Absence of any form of control; chaos and disorder
K)Tabula rasa
L)Another term for developmental interactionists, who believe that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based on their current/past knowledge. The learner selects and transforms information, constructs hypotheses, and makes decisions, relying on a cognitive structure to do so.
M)Area of potential learning identified by Lev Vygotsky; he believed that adults played an important role.
N)Scientists who study the behavior of living creatures under normal conditions
O)Those holding the view that internal predisposition, physiological characteristics, or inherited traits account for the essential psychological makeup of a human being
P)The principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a cohesive community
Q)Alfred Adler’s analysis of behavior holding that human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, and striving for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and to contribute to the common welfare of the community
R)Willingness to put aside one’s immediate interests for the good of the team 
A) Jean Piaget’s theory that children’s mental development proceeds in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from the thinking of adults; like John Dewey and Maria Montessori, Piaget believed early learning experiences had tremendous impact on children’s long-term cognitive development. 
B) Being a self-starter, a lifelong learner, and a creative problem-solver 
C) He had a world-famous school that was based on learning as a part of daily life, and was specifically designed to foster the characteristics that are essential for living in a democracy. 
D) Control by a single person having unlimited power 
E) Those holding the view that the environment is the primary determinant of human behavior and that objectively observable behavior constitutes the essential psychological makeup of a human being
F)His theory of personality was based on the humane and ethical treatment of persons. He argued that to reach their full potential, human beings must have positive regard from others that eventually leads to the development of positive self-regard. Robert Carkhuff and George Gazda refined his theories into practical, hands-on techniques beneficial to therapists and educators.
G)Being cooperative, having a sense of fair play, and respecting the rights of others
H)Having established habits of accomplishing tasks, taking pride in the accomplishments, and accepting responsibility for the results
I)Causes a wasting away of the child’s body. This condition can result from prolonged absence of emotional nurturance as well as from malnutrition, and affected infants typically show delays in motor and intellectual development.
J)Absence of any form of control; chaos and disorder
K)Tabula rasa
L)Another term for developmental interactionists, who believe that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based on their current/past knowledge. The learner selects and transforms information, constructs hypotheses, and makes decisions, relying on a cognitive structure to do so.
M)Area of potential learning identified by Lev Vygotsky; he believed that adults played an important role.
N)Scientists who study the behavior of living creatures under normal conditions
O)Those holding the view that internal predisposition, physiological characteristics, or inherited traits account for the essential psychological makeup of a human being
P)The principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a cohesive community
Q)Alfred Adler’s analysis of behavior holding that human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, and striving for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and to contribute to the common welfare of the community
R)Willingness to put aside one’s immediate interests for the good of the team

Question 17

In his social constructivist view, Alfred Adler proposed that human beings​

Accepted Answer

A) are little more than passive victims of their own environment and heredity. 
B) cannot help striving for self-gratification because of their feelings of superiority andegocentricity. 
C) are capable of living together peacefully and cooperatively rather than competitively. 
D) all of these. 
E) none of these. 
A) are little more than passive victims of their own environment and heredity. 
B) cannot help striving for self-gratification because of their feelings of superiority andegocentricity. 
C) are capable of living together peacefully and cooperatively rather than competitively. 
D) all of these. 
E) none of these.

Question 18

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.​
-Ethologists​

Accepted Answer

A) Jean Piaget’s theory that children’s mental development proceeds in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from the thinking of adults; like John Dewey and Maria Montessori, Piaget believed early learning experiences had tremendous impact on children’s long-term cognitive development. 
B) Being a self-starter, a lifelong learner, and a creative problem-solver 
C) He had a world-famous school that was based on learning as a part of daily life, and was specifically designed to foster the characteristics that are essential for living in a democracy. 
D) Control by a single person having unlimited power 
E) Those holding the view that the environment is the primary determinant of human behavior and that objectively observable behavior constitutes the essential psychological makeup of a human being
F)His theory of personality was based on the humane and ethical treatment of persons. He argued that to reach their full potential, human beings must have positive regard from others that eventually leads to the development of positive self-regard. Robert Carkhuff and George Gazda refined his theories into practical, hands-on techniques beneficial to therapists and educators.
G)Being cooperative, having a sense of fair play, and respecting the rights of others
H)Having established habits of accomplishing tasks, taking pride in the accomplishments, and accepting responsibility for the results
I)Causes a wasting away of the child’s body. This condition can result from prolonged absence of emotional nurturance as well as from malnutrition, and affected infants typically show delays in motor and intellectual development.
J)Absence of any form of control; chaos and disorder
K)Tabula rasa
L)Another term for developmental interactionists, who believe that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based on their current/past knowledge. The learner selects and transforms information, constructs hypotheses, and makes decisions, relying on a cognitive structure to do so.
M)Area of potential learning identified by Lev Vygotsky; he believed that adults played an important role.
N)Scientists who study the behavior of living creatures under normal conditions
O)Those holding the view that internal predisposition, physiological characteristics, or inherited traits account for the essential psychological makeup of a human being
P)The principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a cohesive community
Q)Alfred Adler’s analysis of behavior holding that human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, and striving for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and to contribute to the common welfare of the community
R)Willingness to put aside one’s immediate interests for the good of the team 
A) Jean Piaget’s theory that children’s mental development proceeds in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from the thinking of adults; like John Dewey and Maria Montessori, Piaget believed early learning experiences had tremendous impact on children’s long-term cognitive development. 
B) Being a self-starter, a lifelong learner, and a creative problem-solver 
C) He had a world-famous school that was based on learning as a part of daily life, and was specifically designed to foster the characteristics that are essential for living in a democracy. 
D) Control by a single person having unlimited power 
E) Those holding the view that the environment is the primary determinant of human behavior and that objectively observable behavior constitutes the essential psychological makeup of a human being
F)His theory of personality was based on the humane and ethical treatment of persons. He argued that to reach their full potential, human beings must have positive regard from others that eventually leads to the development of positive self-regard. Robert Carkhuff and George Gazda refined his theories into practical, hands-on techniques beneficial to therapists and educators.
G)Being cooperative, having a sense of fair play, and respecting the rights of others
H)Having established habits of accomplishing tasks, taking pride in the accomplishments, and accepting responsibility for the results
I)Causes a wasting away of the child’s body. This condition can result from prolonged absence of emotional nurturance as well as from malnutrition, and affected infants typically show delays in motor and intellectual development.
J)Absence of any form of control; chaos and disorder
K)Tabula rasa
L)Another term for developmental interactionists, who believe that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based on their current/past knowledge. The learner selects and transforms information, constructs hypotheses, and makes decisions, relying on a cognitive structure to do so.
M)Area of potential learning identified by Lev Vygotsky; he believed that adults played an important role.
N)Scientists who study the behavior of living creatures under normal conditions
O)Those holding the view that internal predisposition, physiological characteristics, or inherited traits account for the essential psychological makeup of a human being
P)The principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a cohesive community
Q)Alfred Adler’s analysis of behavior holding that human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, and striving for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and to contribute to the common welfare of the community
R)Willingness to put aside one’s immediate interests for the good of the team

Question 19

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.​
-Predetermined stages of mental growth

Accepted Answer

A) Jean Piaget’s theory that children’s mental development proceeds in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from the thinking of adults; like John Dewey and Maria Montessori, Piaget believed early learning experiences had tremendous impact on children’s long-term cognitive development. 
B) Being a self-starter, a lifelong learner, and a creative problem-solver 
C) He had a world-famous school that was based on learning as a part of daily life, and was specifically designed to foster the characteristics that are essential for living in a democracy. 
D) Control by a single person having unlimited power 
E) Those holding the view that the environment is the primary determinant of human behavior and that objectively observable behavior constitutes the essential psychological makeup of a human being
F)His theory of personality was based on the humane and ethical treatment of persons. He argued that to reach their full potential, human beings must have positive regard from others that eventually leads to the development of positive self-regard. Robert Carkhuff and George Gazda refined his theories into practical, hands-on techniques beneficial to therapists and educators.
G)Being cooperative, having a sense of fair play, and respecting the rights of others
H)Having established habits of accomplishing tasks, taking pride in the accomplishments, and accepting responsibility for the results
I)Causes a wasting away of the child’s body. This condition can result from prolonged absence of emotional nurturance as well as from malnutrition, and affected infants typically show delays in motor and intellectual development.
J)Absence of any form of control; chaos and disorder
K)Tabula rasa
L)Another term for developmental interactionists, who believe that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based on their current/past knowledge. The learner selects and transforms information, constructs hypotheses, and makes decisions, relying on a cognitive structure to do so.
M)Area of potential learning identified by Lev Vygotsky; he believed that adults played an important role.
N)Scientists who study the behavior of living creatures under normal conditions
O)Those holding the view that internal predisposition, physiological characteristics, or inherited traits account for the essential psychological makeup of a human being
P)The principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a cohesive community
Q)Alfred Adler’s analysis of behavior holding that human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, and striving for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and to contribute to the common welfare of the community
R)Willingness to put aside one’s immediate interests for the good of the team 
A) Jean Piaget’s theory that children’s mental development proceeds in distinct stages that are qualitatively different from the thinking of adults; like John Dewey and Maria Montessori, Piaget believed early learning experiences had tremendous impact on children’s long-term cognitive development. 
B) Being a self-starter, a lifelong learner, and a creative problem-solver 
C) He had a world-famous school that was based on learning as a part of daily life, and was specifically designed to foster the characteristics that are essential for living in a democracy. 
D) Control by a single person having unlimited power 
E) Those holding the view that the environment is the primary determinant of human behavior and that objectively observable behavior constitutes the essential psychological makeup of a human being
F)His theory of personality was based on the humane and ethical treatment of persons. He argued that to reach their full potential, human beings must have positive regard from others that eventually leads to the development of positive self-regard. Robert Carkhuff and George Gazda refined his theories into practical, hands-on techniques beneficial to therapists and educators.
G)Being cooperative, having a sense of fair play, and respecting the rights of others
H)Having established habits of accomplishing tasks, taking pride in the accomplishments, and accepting responsibility for the results
I)Causes a wasting away of the child’s body. This condition can result from prolonged absence of emotional nurturance as well as from malnutrition, and affected infants typically show delays in motor and intellectual development.
J)Absence of any form of control; chaos and disorder
K)Tabula rasa
L)Another term for developmental interactionists, who believe that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based on their current/past knowledge. The learner selects and transforms information, constructs hypotheses, and makes decisions, relying on a cognitive structure to do so.
M)Area of potential learning identified by Lev Vygotsky; he believed that adults played an important role.
N)Scientists who study the behavior of living creatures under normal conditions
O)Those holding the view that internal predisposition, physiological characteristics, or inherited traits account for the essential psychological makeup of a human being
P)The principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a cohesive community
Q)Alfred Adler’s analysis of behavior holding that human beings were capable of working cooperatively, living together peacefully, and striving for self-improvement, self-fulfillment, and to contribute to the common welfare of the community
R)Willingness to put aside one’s immediate interests for the good of the team

Question 20

Behaviorists believe that behavior and learning result from ____________________ forces such as reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Behaviorists believe that behavior and learning result...

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Disciplinary tactics

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Alfred Adler

One of the oldest debates related to children is disagreement over how children developpersonality and intelligence: the ____________________ versus nurture controversy.

Piaget thought that children must create their own knowledge through stages of____________________ with the environment.

Maturationists perceive that learning comes from

How do constructivists see child guidance?

Jean Piaget's theory held that children's mental processes

Children can learn how to function in a democracy by developing the necessary skills, such asconcepts of citizenship, self-reliance, appropriate work habits, and ability to cooperate inteamwork.

Vygotsky believed that

In an autocracy, educated, responsible citizens are needed to provide effective self-governancethrough active participation.

Child care has brought_____________ to many children's lives.

Vygotsky said that children interact through ____________________, and through these socialand cultural interactions learn the values of their society.

Child care has brought new levels of structure to many children's lives.

During the past century, ideas about children were influenced by two world wars, periods ofeconomic depression and prosperity, and the changing role of women in the workforce, as well asby growing scientific interest in child development ____________________.

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Lev Vygotsky

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Ability to cooperate in teamwork

In his social constructivist view, Alfred Adler proposed that human beings

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Ethologists

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Predetermined stages of mental growth

Behaviorists believe that behavior and learning result from ____________________ forces such as reinforcement.

Why Guidance Matters

Understanding Childrens Behavior

How to Observe Children

Serving Culturally Diverse Children and Families

Understanding Children With Ability Differences

Designing Developmentally Appropriate Environments Inside and Out

Building Relationships Through Positive Communication

Fundamental Causes of Positive and Negative Behavior

Effective Guidance Interventions

Mistaken Goals, Motivation, and Mindfulness

Filters

Exam 2: Historical Perspectives and Guidance Theories

​Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Disciplinary tactics​

​Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Alfred Adler​

One of the oldest debates related to children is disagreement over how children developpersonality and intelligence: the ____________________ versus nurture controversy.

Piaget thought that children must create their own knowledge through stages of____________________ with the environment.

Maturationists perceive that learning comes from​

How do constructivists see child guidance?​

Jean Piaget's theory held that children's mental processes​

Children can learn how to function in a democracy by developing the necessary skills, such asconcepts of citizenship, self-reliance, appropriate work habits, and ability to cooperate inteamwork.

Vygotsky believed that​

In an autocracy, educated, responsible citizens are needed to provide effective self-governancethrough active participation.

Child care has brought_____________ to many children's lives.

Vygotsky said that children interact through ____________________, and through these socialand cultural interactions learn the values of their society.

Child care has brought new levels of structure to many children's lives.

During the past century, ideas about children were influenced by two world wars, periods ofeconomic depression and prosperity, and the changing role of women in the workforce, as well asby growing scientific interest in child development ____________________.

​Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Lev Vygotsky​

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.​ -Ability to cooperate in teamwork​

In his social constructivist view, Alfred Adler proposed that human beings​

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.​ -Ethologists​

​Match each definition to the corresponding term.​ -Predetermined stages of mental growth

Behaviorists believe that behavior and learning result from ____________________ forces such as reinforcement.

Why Guidance Matters

Understanding Childrens Behavior

How to Observe Children

Serving Culturally Diverse Children and Families

Understanding Children With Ability Differences

Designing Developmentally Appropriate Environments Inside and Out

Building Relationships Through Positive Communication

Fundamental Causes of Positive and Negative Behavior

Effective Guidance Interventions

Mistaken Goals, Motivation, and Mindfulness

Filters

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Disciplinary tactics

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Alfred Adler

Maturationists perceive that learning comes from

How do constructivists see child guidance?

Jean Piaget's theory held that children's mental processes

Vygotsky believed that

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Lev Vygotsky

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Ability to cooperate in teamwork

In his social constructivist view, Alfred Adler proposed that human beings

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Ethologists

Match each definition to the corresponding term. -Predetermined stages of mental growth