Question 1

"There is only one right answer to this exercise," the professor says as the class is reviewing a problem.What type of thinking is the professor describing?

Accepted Answer

A)  divergent thinking 
B)  convergent thinking 
C)  heuristics 
D)  brainstorming 
A)  divergent thinking 
B)  convergent thinking 
C)  heuristics 
D)  brainstorming

Question 2

Koko the gorilla has a vocabulary of about ____ signs and Washoe the chimpanzee has learned about ____ signs.

Accepted Answer

A)  200; 20 
B)  500; 50 
C)  1,000; 250 
D)  1,200; 200 
A)  200; 20 
B)  500; 50 
C)  1,000; 250 
D)  1,200; 200

Question 3

Does the brain have built-in categories for sorting and filing information?

Accepted Answer

A)  No-the brain does not sort and file information based on categories 
B)  Yes-but the categories are developed through experience 
C)  Yes-but the brain doesn't have specific parts for categories 
D)  Yes-the brain has different areas for different categories 
A)  No-the brain does not sort and file information based on categories 
B)  Yes-but the categories are developed through experience 
C)  Yes-but the brain doesn't have specific parts for categories 
D)  Yes-the brain has different areas for different categories

Question 4

The Pirahã people illustrate how culture impacts thinking.They:

Accepted Answer

A)  only have words for relative amounts, but not specific numbers 
B)  only have words for specific numbers, but not relative amounts 
C)  they have no words for any quantity above one 
D)  they think of numbers in terms of images 
A)  only have words for relative amounts, but not specific numbers 
B)  only have words for specific numbers, but not relative amounts 
C)  they have no words for any quantity above one 
D)  they think of numbers in terms of images

Question 5

Describe the focus and personality of creative individuals.Is their creativity correlated with their intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The focus of creative individuals is oft

Question 6

An incident of overgeneralization represents a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  step backward for children 
B)  atypical landmark in acquiring language 
C)  point between babbling and single word stages 
D)  understanding of the basic rules of grammar 
A)  step backward for children 
B)  atypical landmark in acquiring language 
C)  point between babbling and single word stages 
D)  understanding of the basic rules of grammar

Question 7

According to Noam Chomsky's view of language acquisition,a child whose parents speak French will:

Accepted Answer

A)  learn French via genetics 
B)  be genetically programmed the same way a German child is to facilitate the learning of language 
C)  begin life with no facility for learning language and, therefore, have to learn it all from his parents and other models 
D)  have more difficulty than children learning an easier language such as Spanish 
A)  learn French via genetics 
B)  be genetically programmed the same way a German child is to facilitate the learning of language 
C)  begin life with no facility for learning language and, therefore, have to learn it all from his parents and other models 
D)  have more difficulty than children learning an easier language such as Spanish

Question 8

When parents use parentese,children learn many things about language.Which of the following is not an effect of parentese?

Accepted Answer

A)  it prevents errors of overgeneralization 
B)  attracts the child's attention 
C)  holds the child's attention 
D)  helps children with language comprehension 
A)  it prevents errors of overgeneralization 
B)  attracts the child's attention 
C)  holds the child's attention 
D)  helps children with language comprehension

Question 9

Creative people are driven by external motivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In divergent thinking,we develop many solutions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

At about six months of age,babies begin to verbalize one-syllable sounds called:

Accepted Answer

A)  babbling 
B)  syntax 
C)  holophrasing 
D)  telegraphing 
A)  babbling 
B)  syntax 
C)  holophrasing 
D)  telegraphing

Question 12

A common finding in case studies of creative people is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an unwillingness to take risks 
B)  a history of abuse in childhood 
C)  they tend to be creative in some areas and poor in others 
D)  a lack of desire to be creative 
A)  an unwillingness to take risks 
B)  a history of abuse in childhood 
C)  they tend to be creative in some areas and poor in others 
D)  a lack of desire to be creative

Question 13

Language uses a set of ____ symbols.

Accepted Answer

A)  auditory 
B)  abstract 
C)  practical 
D)  visual 
A)  auditory 
B)  abstract 
C)  practical 
D)  visual

Question 14

What's the problem-solving strategy that breaks down the overall problem into separate parts?

Accepted Answer

A)  forming ill-defined goals 
B)  forming subgoals 
C)  forming secondary problems 
D)  forming heuristics 
A)  forming ill-defined goals 
B)  forming subgoals 
C)  forming secondary problems 
D)  forming heuristics

Question 15

Steve is playing a chess game online against an expert.Even though he is a novice at chess,he is doing well until he's put in a difficult situation.Since Steve is a novice,according to Module 14 his most likely strategy is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  spend lots of time examining strategies and many future moves 
B)  focus on just a few strategies that are the most effective 
C)  use the wrong algorithm to analyze the situation 
D)  focus on a few strategies, but be indecisive about which one to take 
A)  spend lots of time examining strategies and many future moves 
B)  focus on just a few strategies that are the most effective 
C)  use the wrong algorithm to analyze the situation 
D)  focus on a few strategies, but be indecisive about which one to take

Question 16

The areas of thinking and language are important topics to study in the ____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  humanistic 
D)  behavioral 
A)  cognitive 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  humanistic 
D)  behavioral

Question 17

As you read a novel,it occurs to you that you have never before read these sentences in your entire life.What allowed the author of this novel to create so many different,brand new combinations of words?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphology 
B)  mental grammar 
C)  innate program 
D)  surface structure 
A)  morphology 
B)  mental grammar 
C)  innate program 
D)  surface structure

Question 18

A problem of the exemplar theory of concept formation is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  our memory systems do not function in the way that exemplar theory predicts 
B)  our prototypes are based upon average features 
C)  we would have to list all the exceptions to the definition of an object 
D)  it takes longer to evaluate events that do not match the prototype 
A)  our memory systems do not function in the way that exemplar theory predicts 
B)  our prototypes are based upon average features 
C)  we would have to list all the exceptions to the definition of an object 
D)  it takes longer to evaluate events that do not match the prototype

Question 19

Shaun is gambling and is told that there is a 70% chance that he will win the bet.Kevin is also gambling and is told that there is a 30% probability that he will lose the bet.Stuart is gambling and he has been told that he has a 50% chance that he will lose the bet.Based on the research by De Martino described in Module 14,which person is most likely to gamble more?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shaun 
B)  Kevin 
C)  Stuart 
D)  it is impossible to predict based on the information presented 
A)  Shaun 
B)  Kevin 
C)  Stuart 
D)  it is impossible to predict based on the information presented

Question 20

Little 15-month-old Jeanie has already developed several concepts.Researchers have found that Jeanie has formed concepts as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  parental competence 
B)  genetic makeup 
C)  personality disposition 
D)  experience with objects and her growing ability to use language 
A)  parental competence 
B)  genetic makeup 
C)  personality disposition 
D)  experience with objects and her growing ability to use language

Exam 14: Thought and Language

"There is only one right answer to this exercise," the professor says as the class is reviewing a problem.What type of thinking is the professor describing?

Koko the gorilla has a vocabulary of about ____ signs and Washoe the chimpanzee has learned about ____ signs.

Does the brain have built-in categories for sorting and filing information?

The Pirahã people illustrate how culture impacts thinking.They:

Describe the focus and personality of creative individuals.Is their creativity correlated with their intelligence?

An incident of overgeneralization represents a(n):

According to Noam Chomsky's view of language acquisition,a child whose parents speak French will:

When parents use parentese,children learn many things about language.Which of the following is not an effect of parentese?

Creative people are driven by external motivation.

In divergent thinking,we develop many solutions.

At about six months of age,babies begin to verbalize one-syllable sounds called:

A common finding in case studies of creative people is:

Language uses a set of ____ symbols.

What's the problem-solving strategy that breaks down the overall problem into separate parts?

Steve is playing a chess game online against an expert.Even though he is a novice at chess,he is doing well until he's put in a difficult situation.Since Steve is a novice,according to Module 14 his most likely strategy is to:

The areas of thinking and language are important topics to study in the ____ approach.

As you read a novel,it occurs to you that you have never before read these sentences in your entire life.What allowed the author of this novel to create so many different,brand new combinations of words?

A problem of the exemplar theory of concept formation is that:

Little 15-month-old Jeanie has already developed several concepts.Researchers have found that Jeanie has formed concepts as a result of:

Discovering Psychology

Psychology and Science

Brains Building Blocks

Incredible Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis and Drugs

Classical Conditioning

Operant and Cognitive Approaches

Types of Memory

Remembering and Forgetting

Intelligence

Motivation

Emotion

Infancy Childhood

Infancy Childhood Part II

Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Social and Cognitive and Trait Theories

Health,stress and Coping

Assessment and Anxiety Disorders

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Therapies

Social Psychology

Extenssion: Social Cognition and Behavior

Filters

Koko the gorilla has a vocabulary of about signs and Washoe the chimpanzee has learned about signs.