Question 1

Although __________ is classified as a depressant,it has stimulant effects at low doses.

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol 
B)  tobacco 
C)  cocaine 
D)  amphetamine 
E)  morphine 
A)  alcohol 
B)  tobacco 
C)  cocaine 
D)  amphetamine 
E)  morphine

Question 2

A problem faced by theories of drug conditioning is predicting

Accepted Answer

A)  the direction of conditioned effects. 
B)  whether or not there is a conditional stimulus. 
C)  whether or not there is an unconditional stimulus. 
D)  whether conditioned or contingent tolerance will develop. 
E)  who will become addicted. 
A)  the direction of conditioned effects. 
B)  whether or not there is a conditional stimulus. 
C)  whether or not there is an unconditional stimulus. 
D)  whether conditioned or contingent tolerance will develop. 
E)  who will become addicted.

Question 3

The first endogenous cannabinoid neurotransmitter to be discovered in the nervous system was named __________,which means "internal bliss."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first endogenous cannabinoid neurotransmitter to be...

Question 4

Laudanum,Godfrey's Cordial,Dalby's Carminative,Mrs.Winslow's Soothing Syrup,and Street's Infant Quietness were all legal medications that contained

Accepted Answer

A)  opioids. 
B)  coca paste. 
C)  alcohol. 
D)  cocaine. 
E)  THC. 
A)  opioids. 
B)  coca paste. 
C)  alcohol. 
D)  cocaine. 
E)  THC.

Question 5

Cocaine sprees are the product of the interaction between the high positive-incentive value of cocaine and the rapid development of

Accepted Answer

A)  tolerance. 
B)  alcohol. 
C)  schizophrenia. 
D)  paranoia. 
E)  convulsions. 
A)  tolerance. 
B)  alcohol. 
C)  schizophrenia. 
D)  paranoia. 
E)  convulsions.

Question 6

Evidence that the nucleus accumbens is involved in drug addiction comes from reports that

Accepted Answer

A)  animals will self-administer microinjections of addictive drugs directly into the nucleus accumbens. 
B)  microinjection of addictive drugs into the nucleus accumbens can lead to the development of conditioned place preferences. 
C)  lesions to the nucleus accumbens reduce the rewarding effects of systemically administered drugs. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  animals will self-administer microinjections of addictive drugs directly into the nucleus accumbens. 
B)  microinjection of addictive drugs into the nucleus accumbens can lead to the development of conditioned place preferences. 
C)  lesions to the nucleus accumbens reduce the rewarding effects of systemically administered drugs. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 7

The impure residue left after boiling away a solution of cocaine hydrochloride and baking soda is

Accepted Answer

A)  crack. 
B)  smack. 
C)  lidocaine. 
D)  procaine 
E)  both A and B 
A)  crack. 
B)  smack. 
C)  lidocaine. 
D)  procaine 
E)  both A and B

Question 8

Dementia,liver cirrhosis,and gastritis are often experienced by people addicted to __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dementia,liver cirrhosis,and gastritis are often experienced by...

Question 9

The animal model that best approximates human drug addiction is the

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned tolerance model. 
B)  contingent tolerance model. 
C)  drug self-administration paradigm. 
D)  drug withdrawal syndrome. 
E)  conditioned place preference paradigm. 
A)  conditioned tolerance model. 
B)  contingent tolerance model. 
C)  drug self-administration paradigm. 
D)  drug withdrawal syndrome. 
E)  conditioned place preference paradigm.

Question 10

Most drugs that are taken orally enter the bloodstream through the walls of the

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach. 
B)  mouth. 
C)  intestine. 
D)  esophagus. 
E)  lungs. 
A)  stomach. 
B)  mouth. 
C)  intestine. 
D)  esophagus. 
E)  lungs.

Question 11

Which of the following routes of drug administration offers the least opportunity to counteract the effects of an overdose?

Accepted Answer

A)  IV 
B)  IM 
C)  SC 
D)  through mucus membranes 
E)  oral 
A)  IV 
B)  IM 
C)  SC 
D)  through mucus membranes 
E)  oral

Question 12

Recent research suggests that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens is more related to ____________ than to _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  liking; wanting 
B)  wanting; liking 
C)  craving; wanting 
D)  wanting; craving 
E)  hedonia; anhedonia 
A)  liking; wanting 
B)  wanting; liking 
C)  craving; wanting 
D)  wanting; craving 
E)  hedonia; anhedonia

Question 13

The severity of withdrawal symptoms depends upon the

Accepted Answer

A)  particular drug in question. 
B)  dose of the preceding drug exposure. 
C)  duration of the preceding drug exposure. 
D)  speed with which the drug is cleared from the body. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  particular drug in question. 
B)  dose of the preceding drug exposure. 
C)  duration of the preceding drug exposure. 
D)  speed with which the drug is cleared from the body. 
E)  all of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is the strongest psychoactive ingredient of opium?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphine 
B)  codeine 
C)  heroin 
D)  cocaine 
E)  methadone 
A)  morphine 
B)  codeine 
C)  heroin 
D)  cocaine 
E)  methadone

Question 15

Withdrawal from which of the following drugs produces the DTs?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphine 
B)  heroin 
C)  cocaine 
D)  both A and B 
E)  none of the above 
A)  morphine 
B)  heroin 
C)  cocaine 
D)  both A and B 
E)  none of the above

Question 16

Recent research suggests that,in drug-addicted individuals,dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens may be related more to the __________ of a drug than the liking of the drug.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recent research suggests that,in drug-addicted individuals,dopamine release...

Question 17

In most countries,attempts to treat heroin and morphine addiction usually involve the prescription of

Accepted Answer

A)  methadone. 
B)  heroin. 
C)  morphine. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C 
A)  methadone. 
B)  heroin. 
C)  morphine. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C

Question 18

Modern theories of addiction recognize that in drug-addicted persons there is often a major difference between the positive incentive value of a drug and its ____________ value.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Modern theories of addiction recognize that in...

Question 19

According to the incentive-sensitization theory of drug addiction,as a drug-addicted habitually consumes the drug,the

Accepted Answer

A)  positive-incentive value of taking the drug increases. 
B)  hedonic value of taking the drug decreases. 
C)  positive-incentive value of taking the drug decreases. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C 
A)  positive-incentive value of taking the drug increases. 
B)  hedonic value of taking the drug decreases. 
C)  positive-incentive value of taking the drug decreases. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both B and C

Question 20

The main disadvantage of the oral route of drug administration is

Accepted Answer

A)  indigestion. 
B)  the binding of drugs to the wall of the stomach. 
C)  its unpredictability. 
D)  nausea. 
E)  that it promotes drug interactions. 
A)  indigestion. 
B)  the binding of drugs to the wall of the stomach. 
C)  its unpredictability. 
D)  nausea. 
E)  that it promotes drug interactions.

Although __________ is classified as a depressant,it has stimulant effects at low doses.

A problem faced by theories of drug conditioning is predicting

The first endogenous cannabinoid neurotransmitter to be discovered in the nervous system was named __________,which means "internal bliss."

Laudanum,Godfrey's Cordial,Dalby's Carminative,Mrs.Winslow's Soothing Syrup,and Street's Infant Quietness were all legal medications that contained

Cocaine sprees are the product of the interaction between the high positive-incentive value of cocaine and the rapid development of

Evidence that the nucleus accumbens is involved in drug addiction comes from reports that

The impure residue left after boiling away a solution of cocaine hydrochloride and baking soda is

Dementia,liver cirrhosis,and gastritis are often experienced by people addicted to __________.

The animal model that best approximates human drug addiction is the

Most drugs that are taken orally enter the bloodstream through the walls of the

Which of the following routes of drug administration offers the least opportunity to counteract the effects of an overdose?

Recent research suggests that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens is more related to than to _.

The severity of withdrawal symptoms depends upon the

Which of the following is the strongest psychoactive ingredient of opium?

Withdrawal from which of the following drugs produces the DTs?

Recent research suggests that,in drug-addicted individuals,dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens may be related more to the __________ of a drug than the liking of the drug.

In most countries,attempts to treat heroin and morphine addiction usually involve the prescription of

Modern theories of addiction recognize that in drug-addicted persons there is often a major difference between the positive incentive value of a drug and its ____________ value.

According to the incentive-sensitization theory of drug addiction,as a drug-addicted habitually consumes the drug,the

The main disadvantage of the oral route of drug administration is

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Lateralization, language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 15: Drug Addiction and the Brains Reward Circuits

Although __________ is classified as a depressant,it has stimulant effects at low doses.

A problem faced by theories of drug conditioning is predicting

The first endogenous cannabinoid neurotransmitter to be discovered in the nervous system was named __________,which means "internal bliss."

Laudanum,Godfrey's Cordial,Dalby's Carminative,Mrs.Winslow's Soothing Syrup,and Street's Infant Quietness were all legal medications that contained

Cocaine sprees are the product of the interaction between the high positive-incentive value of cocaine and the rapid development of

Evidence that the nucleus accumbens is involved in drug addiction comes from reports that

The impure residue left after boiling away a solution of cocaine hydrochloride and baking soda is

Dementia,liver cirrhosis,and gastritis are often experienced by people addicted to __________.

The animal model that best approximates human drug addiction is the

Most drugs that are taken orally enter the bloodstream through the walls of the

Which of the following routes of drug administration offers the least opportunity to counteract the effects of an overdose?

Recent research suggests that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens is more related to ____________ than to _____________.

The severity of withdrawal symptoms depends upon the

Which of the following is the strongest psychoactive ingredient of opium?

Withdrawal from which of the following drugs produces the DTs?

Recent research suggests that,in drug-addicted individuals,dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens may be related more to the __________ of a drug than the liking of the drug.

In most countries,attempts to treat heroin and morphine addiction usually involve the prescription of

Modern theories of addiction recognize that in drug-addicted persons there is often a major difference between the positive incentive value of a drug and its ____________ value.

According to the incentive-sensitization theory of drug addiction,as a drug-addicted habitually consumes the drug,the

The main disadvantage of the oral route of drug administration is

Biopsychology As a Neuroscience

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Lateralization, language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters

Recent research suggests that dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens is more related to than to _.