Exam 1: Reconstruction, 1863-1877

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The agricultural system under which workers farmed land they did not own in return for part of the crop they produced was called ____________________.

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sharecropping

____ was the presidential candidate nominated by both the Liberal Republicans and the Democratic Party in the election of 1872.

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Carpetbaggers

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Carpetbaggers was a term used pejoratively by Southerners to describe Northerners who moved to the Southern United States after the American Civil War during the Reconstruction era, which lasted from 1865 to 1877. These individuals, many of whom were entrepreneurs, politicians, and teachers, were perceived as exploiting the political and economic chaos in the South for their own gain.

The term "carpetbagger" originated from the notion that these individuals carried their belongings in large bags made of carpeting material. Southerners used the term to suggest that these newcomers had no genuine interest in the welfare of the region and were there only to extract profit or gain political power.

Carpetbaggers often aligned themselves with the Republican Party and were involved in the radical state governments that were established during Reconstruction. They played a significant role in shaping the new Southern governments, which included efforts to establish civil rights for freed slaves and to rebuild the devastated Southern economy.

While some carpetbaggers were undoubtedly opportunistic and corrupt, others were motivated by a genuine desire to assist in the reconstruction of the South and to help the newly emancipated African American population. They contributed to the establishment of public school systems, participated in the development of infrastructure, and worked towards the modernization of Southern society.

The term "carpetbagger" has since been used more broadly to describe any outsider who enters an area to take advantage of a situation without a commitment to the community or its long-term wellbeing.

White southerners who joined the Republican Party were called ____________________.

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The impeachment of Andrew Johnson was

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Newly enfranchised freedmen learned about their rights and responsibilities as voters​

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Without black enfranchisement,Ulysses S.Grant would have had a minority of the popular vote in 1868.

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The ____________________ Act established the modern structure of the civil service.

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At the height of Reconstruction,blacks held ____ percent of public offices.

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Discuss the role of race and racism in the post Civil War South.What role did race play in southern resistance to Reconstruction? How did southern society attempt in the post-war era to retain the racial structure of the pre-war era?

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Nearly all freed slaves continued to work for their former owners after the war.

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The Ku Klux Klan was created by former Confederate soldiers.

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Abolitionist and missionary groups sent teachers into the Union-occupied South to educate freed slaves during the Civil War.

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Andrew Johnson advised Southern legislatures to accept the Fourteenth Amendment.

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Crédit Mobilier

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Roughly ____________________ percent of southern Republican voters were white.

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The removal of ____________________ from the post of secretary of war triggered the impeachment of Andrew Johnson.

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During the 1866 congressional election campaign,Republicans made clear that any ex-Confederate state that ratified the Fourteenth Amendment would be considered "reconstructed" and that its representatives and senators would be seated in Congress.

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Scalawags were

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The congressional acts that divided the former Confederate states (except Tennessee)into five military districts,enfranchised black men,disenfranchised some Confederates,and called for new constitutional conventions were the ______________________________.

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