Question 1

It is believed that our solar system resulted from a second- or third-generation nebula.How do we know this?

Accepted Answer

A) The age of the Sun suggests this. 
B) The size of the Sun suggests this. 
C) The number of gas giants suggests this. 
D) The mix of complex elements suggests this. 
A) The age of the Sun suggests this. 
B) The size of the Sun suggests this. 
C) The number of gas giants suggests this. 
D) The mix of complex elements suggests this.

Question 2

If the temperature of a material is raised so high that electrons become stripped from atoms,what is formed?

Accepted Answer

A) a gas 
B) a plasma 
C) a liquid 
D) a solid 
A) a gas 
B) a plasma 
C) a liquid 
D) a solid

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT required for a substance to be considered a mineral?

Accepted Answer

A) It must be solid. 
B) It must be naturally occurring. 
C) It must contain carbon. 
D) It must have atoms arranged in an orderly pattern. 
A) It must be solid. 
B) It must be naturally occurring. 
C) It must contain carbon. 
D) It must have atoms arranged in an orderly pattern.

Question 4

Glass is different from a mineral because it ________.

Accepted Answer

A) is not naturally occurring 
B) is not a solid 
C) does not have atoms arranged in an orderly pattern 
D) contains carbon and is therefore organic 
A) is not naturally occurring 
B) is not a solid 
C) does not have atoms arranged in an orderly pattern 
D) contains carbon and is therefore organic

Question 5

The Earth's magnetic field is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) monopole,as would be produced by just one pole of a magnet 
B) dipole,such as that produced by a bar magnet 
C) torus,a doughnut-shaped ring parallel to Earth's equator 
D) sphere,following the shape of Earth 
A) monopole,as would be produced by just one pole of a magnet 
B) dipole,such as that produced by a bar magnet 
C) torus,a doughnut-shaped ring parallel to Earth's equator 
D) sphere,following the shape of Earth

Question 6

During a journey to the center of Earth,one would experience temperature ________.

Accepted Answer

A) and pressure both increasing 
B) and pressure both decreasing 
C) increasing but pressure staying nearly the same 
D) remaining remarkably constant but pressure increasing 
A) and pressure both increasing 
B) and pressure both decreasing 
C) increasing but pressure staying nearly the same 
D) remaining remarkably constant but pressure increasing

Question 7

According to the image below,temperature increases within the stratosphere.Why is this?

Accepted Answer

A) The stratosphere contains ozone,which absorbs radiation. 
B) The stratosphere is closer to the Sun,thus receives more heat. 
C) The heat from the troposphere rises into the stratosphere. 
D) The increase in pressure warms gases within the stratosphere. 
A) The stratosphere contains ozone,which absorbs radiation. 
B) The stratosphere is closer to the Sun,thus receives more heat. 
C) The heat from the troposphere rises into the stratosphere. 
D) The increase in pressure warms gases within the stratosphere.

Question 8

Scientist have estimated the age of Earth to be 4.57 Ga.What did they use to determine this age and why did they use it?

Accepted Answer

The age of Earth was determined by radio

Question 9

The distinction between the crust and the mantle is primarily on the basis of a difference in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) composition 
B) color of minerals 
C) ability to flow 
D) distance from the Sun 
A) composition 
B) color of minerals 
C) ability to flow 
D) distance from the Sun

Question 10

Terrestrial planets are mainly composed of ________ while Jovian planets are made dominantly of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) volatiles;rock and metals 
B) rock and metals;volatiles 
C) refractory materials;volatiles and metals 
D) volatiles and metals;refractory materials 
A) volatiles;rock and metals 
B) rock and metals;volatiles 
C) refractory materials;volatiles and metals 
D) volatiles and metals;refractory materials

Question 11

Which of the following lists compositions in order of increasing silica content?

Accepted Answer

A) felsic,intermediate,ultramafic,mafic 
B) ultramafic,mafic,intermediate,felsic 
C) felsic,intermediate,mafic,ultramafic 
D) mafic,ultramafic,intermediate,felsic 
A) felsic,intermediate,ultramafic,mafic 
B) ultramafic,mafic,intermediate,felsic 
C) felsic,intermediate,mafic,ultramafic 
D) mafic,ultramafic,intermediate,felsic

Question 12

The density of rocks is generally related to composition.Which of the following choices places rock compositions in order of increasing density?

Accepted Answer

A) felsic,intermediate,ultramafic,mafic 
B) ultramafic,mafic,intermediate,felsic 
C) felsic,intermediate,mafic,ultramafic 
D) mafic,ultramafic,intermediate,felsic 
A) felsic,intermediate,ultramafic,mafic 
B) ultramafic,mafic,intermediate,felsic 
C) felsic,intermediate,mafic,ultramafic 
D) mafic,ultramafic,intermediate,felsic

Question 13

________ is the study of the history and structure of the Universe.

Accepted Answer

A) Geology 
B) Geophysics 
C) Physics 
D) Cosmology 
A) Geology 
B) Geophysics 
C) Physics 
D) Cosmology

Question 14

The age of the Universe is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) less than the age of the Earth 
B) the exact same age as the Earth 
C) greater than the age of the Earth 
D) impossible to determine 
A) less than the age of the Earth 
B) the exact same age as the Earth 
C) greater than the age of the Earth 
D) impossible to determine

Question 15

In general,the mantle is made of the rock ________ and has a(n)________ composition.

Accepted Answer

A) granite;intermediate 
B) basalt;mafic 
C) gabbro;mafic 
D) peridotite;ultramafic 
A) granite;intermediate 
B) basalt;mafic 
C) gabbro;mafic 
D) peridotite;ultramafic

Question 16

Which of the following bodies is the smallest?

Accepted Answer

A) planet 
B) star 
C) protoplanet 
D) planetesimal 
A) planet 
B) star 
C) protoplanet 
D) planetesimal

Question 17

Atoms that are heavier than iron are generally produced by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fission reactions within stars 
B) fusion reactions within stars 
C) explosions of supernovas 
D) the Big Bang 
A) fission reactions within stars 
B) fusion reactions within stars 
C) explosions of supernovas 
D) the Big Bang

Question 18

The image below represents which model of the solar system?

Accepted Answer

A) lunarcentric 
B) electrocentric 
C) geocentric 
D) heliocentric 
A) lunarcentric 
B) electrocentric 
C) geocentric 
D) heliocentric

Question 19

The ________ theory states that the Universe is continually growing.

Accepted Answer

A) Big Bang 
B) expanding universe 
C) nebular expansion 
D) heliocentric 
A) Big Bang 
B) expanding universe 
C) nebular expansion 
D) heliocentric

Question 20

The densest layer of Earth is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) crust 
B) mantle 
C) outer core 
D) inner core 
A) crust 
B) mantle 
C) outer core 
D) inner core

Exam 1: The Earth in Context

It is believed that our solar system resulted from a second- or third-generation nebula.How do we know this?

If the temperature of a material is raised so high that electrons become stripped from atoms,what is formed?

Which of the following is NOT required for a substance to be considered a mineral?

Glass is different from a mineral because it ________.

The Earth's magnetic field is a ________.

During a journey to the center of Earth,one would experience temperature ________.

According to the image below,temperature increases within the stratosphere.Why is this?

Scientist have estimated the age of Earth to be 4.57 Ga.What did they use to determine this age and why did they use it?

The distinction between the crust and the mantle is primarily on the basis of a difference in ________.

Terrestrial planets are mainly composed of ________ while Jovian planets are made dominantly of ________.

Which of the following lists compositions in order of increasing silica content?

The density of rocks is generally related to composition.Which of the following choices places rock compositions in order of increasing density?

________ is the study of the history and structure of the Universe.

The age of the Universe is ________.

In general,the mantle is made of the rock ________ and has a(n)________ composition.

Which of the following bodies is the smallest?

Atoms that are heavier than iron are generally produced by ________.

The image below represents which model of the solar system?

The ________ theory states that the Universe is continually growing.

The densest layer of Earth is the ________.

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Pages of Earth S Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags, cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

Dry Regions: The Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Interlude A: Rock Groups

Interlude B: A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

Interlude C: The Rock Cycle

Interlude D: The Earth S Interior Revisited: Insights From Geophysics

Interlude E: Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Interlude F: An Introduction to Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Filters

Terrestrial planets are mainly composed of while Jovian planets are made dominantly of .

In general,the mantle is made of the rock and has a(n) composition.