Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which structures within the ear transfer a sound wave during hearing?

Accepted Answer

A) eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window, auditory canal 
B) eardrum, stirrup, hammer, anvil, oval window, auditory canal 
C) auditory canal, eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window 
D) auditory canal, eardrum, stirrup, hammer, anvil, oval window 
A) eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window, auditory canal 
B) eardrum, stirrup, hammer, anvil, oval window, auditory canal 
C) auditory canal, eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window 
D) auditory canal, eardrum, stirrup, hammer, anvil, oval window

Question 2

After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow.
Bats and marine mammals are well-known examples of animals that produce high-frequency sound waves beyond the range of human hearing. The high-frequency waves are used for echolocation, the process of emitting high-frequency sound waves and using both the time it takes for the waves to bounce back to the caller and the direction from which the waves return to the caller to locate distant objects. Research has shown that bats can send and receive sounds as high as 100,000 Hertz (Hz).
On the other hand, several mammals, such as elephants and whales, produce extremely low-frequency sounds. Elephant calls range from 5 to 50 Hz. Low-frequency sounds have long wavelengths, which means they are less likely to be distorted or interrupted by features in the environment. In favorable weather conditions, low-frequency sound waves can be transmitted over several kilometers.
-What advantage does the extended hearing range of elephants provide?

Accepted Answer

A) ability to communicate with other species with extended hearing ranges 
B) ability to locate obstacles in their migration routes 
C) ability to communicate with other elephants long distances away 
D) advance warning to take shelter when storms are coming 
A) ability to communicate with other species with extended hearing ranges 
B) ability to locate obstacles in their migration routes 
C) ability to communicate with other elephants long distances away 
D) advance warning to take shelter when storms are coming

Question 3

A person who cannot focus on distant objects has

Accepted Answer

A) hyperopia. 
B) myopia. 
C) astigmatism. 
D) presbyopia. 
A) hyperopia. 
B) myopia. 
C) astigmatism. 
D) presbyopia.

Question 4

Mechanoreceptors (touch)are not evenly spaced on your body. What part of the body might be expected to have mechanoreceptors located closer together?

Accepted Answer

A) eyelid 
B) heel of foot 
C) top side of arm 
D) pad of toe 
A) eyelid 
B) heel of foot 
C) top side of arm 
D) pad of toe

Question 5

Where is the organ of Corti?

Accepted Answer

A) in the pinna 
B) in the inner ear 
C) in the middle canal 
D) in the Eustachian tube 
A) in the pinna 
B) in the inner ear 
C) in the middle canal 
D) in the Eustachian tube

Question 6

Individuals medically diagnosed with "dry eyes" experience feelings of dryness, itchiness, burning, and general irritation in their eyes. Dry eyes can be caused by a decreased production of tears by the tear-producing glands in the eyes. Which of the following would help alleviate dry eyes?

Accepted Answer

A) Stimulate production of aqueous humor. 
B) Block the eyelid openings used to drain tears so that the limited amount of tears produced can stay longer on the eyes' surface. 
C) Stimulate production of vitreous humor. 
D) Avoid environments with dry climates (little moisture). 
A) Stimulate production of aqueous humor. 
B) Block the eyelid openings used to drain tears so that the limited amount of tears produced can stay longer on the eyes' surface. 
C) Stimulate production of vitreous humor. 
D) Avoid environments with dry climates (little moisture).

Question 7

Which type of sensory receptors becomes more sensitive when damaged tissues produce prostaglandins?

Accepted Answer

A) deep pressure receptors 
B) utricle hair cells 
C) pain receptors 
D) temperature receptors 
A) deep pressure receptors 
B) utricle hair cells 
C) pain receptors 
D) temperature receptors

Question 8

You are driving at night and decide to pass a slow-moving car. As you look at the car as you pass, it dawns on you that although you can see the car, you can't tell what color it is. This is due to

Accepted Answer

A) the poor ability of cones to function in low light. 
B) the poor ability of rods to function in low light. 
C) a reduced ability to focus in low light situations. 
D) the constriction of your pupil in low light situations, which reduces color vision. 
A) the poor ability of cones to function in low light. 
B) the poor ability of rods to function in low light. 
C) a reduced ability to focus in low light situations. 
D) the constriction of your pupil in low light situations, which reduces color vision.

Question 9

The semicircular canals

Accepted Answer

A) are arranged in three perpendicular planes. 
B) contain a thin basilar membrane. 
C) are lined by long rows of hair cells along their entire length. 
D) transmit vibrations from the oval window to the saccule. 
A) are arranged in three perpendicular planes. 
B) contain a thin basilar membrane. 
C) are lined by long rows of hair cells along their entire length. 
D) transmit vibrations from the oval window to the saccule.

Question 10

Honeybees are able to discriminate between different flowers using

Accepted Answer

A) color vision. 
B) a single lens. 
C) eye cups. 
D) basilar membranes. 
A) color vision. 
B) a single lens. 
C) eye cups. 
D) basilar membranes.

Question 11

In stimulus detection, sensory receptor cells convert a stimulus

Accepted Answer

A) into a neurotransmitter. 
B) into an enzyme. 
C) into an electric signal. 
D) into an astigmatism. 
A) into a neurotransmitter. 
B) into an enzyme. 
C) into an electric signal. 
D) into an astigmatism.

Question 12

After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow.
Bats and marine mammals are well-known examples of animals that produce high-frequency sound waves beyond the range of human hearing. The high-frequency waves are used for echolocation, the process of emitting high-frequency sound waves and using both the time it takes for the waves to bounce back to the caller and the direction from which the waves return to the caller to locate distant objects. Research has shown that bats can send and receive sounds as high as 100,000 Hertz (Hz).
On the other hand, several mammals, such as elephants and whales, produce extremely low-frequency sounds. Elephant calls range from 5 to 50 Hz. Low-frequency sounds have long wavelengths, which means they are less likely to be distorted or interrupted by features in the environment. In favorable weather conditions, low-frequency sound waves can be transmitted over several kilometers.
-If you were observing two elephants separated by a distance of four miles, could the sensory receptors of your ear receive signals passing between them?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes. Human ears have sound reception over the same range of frequencies as elephants. 
B) Yes. The organ of Corti in humans is more highly evolved than the comparable organ in elephants. 
C) No. Elephants have a much wider range of high-frequency hearing. 
D) No. Human ears cannot hear sounds lower than 20 Hz. 
A) Yes. Human ears have sound reception over the same range of frequencies as elephants. 
B) Yes. The organ of Corti in humans is more highly evolved than the comparable organ in elephants. 
C) No. Elephants have a much wider range of high-frequency hearing. 
D) No. Human ears cannot hear sounds lower than 20 Hz.

Question 13

Which part of this figure depicting an ear is the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

A) part A 
B) part B 
C) part C 
D) part D 
A) part A 
B) part B 
C) part C 
D) part D

Question 14

The nervous system determines the pitch of a tone by

Accepted Answer

A) the region of the basilar membrane that vibrates most vigorously at any one instant. 
B) peak amplitude of basilar membrane displacement. 
C) sites along the basilar membrane where vibrations are longest. 
D) the frequency of oval window vibration. 
A) the region of the basilar membrane that vibrates most vigorously at any one instant. 
B) peak amplitude of basilar membrane displacement. 
C) sites along the basilar membrane where vibrations are longest. 
D) the frequency of oval window vibration.

Question 15

You arrive at your office and are startled by the sounds of building construction outside your window. As you settle in to your work for the day, you forget about the construction noises. When a visitor comes to your office later that day, the first thing she comments on is how disruptive the construction noise must be to your concentration. You realize that you have not even noticed it for over an hour. This is due to

Accepted Answer

A) sensory transduction. 
B) sensory adaptation. 
C) resting potential. 
D) action potential firing. 
A) sensory transduction. 
B) sensory adaptation. 
C) resting potential. 
D) action potential firing.

Question 16

A person who has blurred vision caused by a misshapen lens or cornea has

Accepted Answer

A) myopia. 
B) astigmatism. 
C) presbyopia. 
D) night blindness. 
A) myopia. 
B) astigmatism. 
C) presbyopia. 
D) night blindness.

Question 17

Which of the following statements regarding rods and cones is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Rods are more sensitive to light than cones. 
B) Cones are responsible for night vision. 
C) Rods are found at the greatest density at the fovea, the retina's center of focus. 
D) Rods contain the visual pigment called photopsin. 
A) Rods are more sensitive to light than cones. 
B) Cones are responsible for night vision. 
C) Rods are found at the greatest density at the fovea, the retina's center of focus. 
D) Rods contain the visual pigment called photopsin.

Question 18

Mechanoreceptors (touch and pressure)are not evenly spaced on your body. What is an advantage of having mechanoreceptors located farther apart?

Accepted Answer

A) allows often used parts of the human body to feel pressure more severely than areas where mechanoreceptors are closer together 
B) allows often used parts of the human body to feel pressure less severely than areas where mechanoreceptors are closer together 
C) allows for greater dendrite regeneration after the body has experienced excessive pressure 
D) allows for a thicker epidermis than in areas where mechanoreceptors are closer together 
A) allows often used parts of the human body to feel pressure more severely than areas where mechanoreceptors are closer together 
B) allows often used parts of the human body to feel pressure less severely than areas where mechanoreceptors are closer together 
C) allows for greater dendrite regeneration after the body has experienced excessive pressure 
D) allows for a thicker epidermis than in areas where mechanoreceptors are closer together

Question 19

Sensory transduction occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebral cortex. 
B) thalamus. 
C) spinal cord. 
D) plasma membrane of sensory cells. 
A) cerebral cortex. 
B) thalamus. 
C) spinal cord. 
D) plasma membrane of sensory cells.

Question 20

Our sense of taste results from receptors organized into taste buds

Accepted Answer

A) in the upper portions of nasal passages. 
B) on the tongue. 
C) that are also responsible for smell. 
D) with long cilia that are constantly in motion. 
A) in the upper portions of nasal passages. 
B) on the tongue. 
C) that are also responsible for smell. 
D) with long cilia that are constantly in motion.

Exam 29: the Senses

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which structures within the ear transfer a sound wave during hearing?

A person who cannot focus on distant objects has

Mechanoreceptors (touch)are not evenly spaced on your body. What part of the body might be expected to have mechanoreceptors located closer together?

Where is the organ of Corti?

Individuals medically diagnosed with "dry eyes" experience feelings of dryness, itchiness, burning, and general irritation in their eyes. Dry eyes can be caused by a decreased production of tears by the tear-producing glands in the eyes. Which of the following would help alleviate dry eyes?

Which type of sensory receptors becomes more sensitive when damaged tissues produce prostaglandins?

You are driving at night and decide to pass a slow-moving car. As you look at the car as you pass, it dawns on you that although you can see the car, you can't tell what color it is. This is due to

The semicircular canals

Honeybees are able to discriminate between different flowers using

In stimulus detection, sensory receptor cells convert a stimulus

Which part of this figure depicting an ear is the cochlea?

The nervous system determines the pitch of a tone by

A person who has blurred vision caused by a misshapen lens or cornea has

Which of the following statements regarding rods and cones is true?

Mechanoreceptors (touch and pressure)are not evenly spaced on your body. What is an advantage of having mechanoreceptors located farther apart?

Sensory transduction occurs in the

Our sense of taste results from receptors organized into taste buds

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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