Question 1

Discuss the significance of workload adaptation for skeletal function and maintenance of bone strength.

Accepted Answer

The skeleton must be maintained so that

Question 2

Is race a valid,biologically meaningful concept? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The classification of human variation in

Question 3

Functional adaptations to high altitude include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) smaller diameter of blood vessels. 
B) greater lung volume. 
C) more efficient use of oxygen. 
D) high oxygen saturation in hemoglobin. 
A) smaller diameter of blood vessels. 
B) greater lung volume. 
C) more efficient use of oxygen. 
D) high oxygen saturation in hemoglobin.

Question 4

Human brain growth is completed by age:

Accepted Answer

A) three. 
B) 18 months. 
C) six. 
D) 10. 
A) three. 
B) 18 months. 
C) six. 
D) 10.

Question 5

In an anatomy lab you are shown both of the upper arm bones of a single individual.You note in your lab book that the diameter of the left arm bone is significantly larger than that of the right arm bone.From this you infer that:

Accepted Answer

A) the individual was likely ambidextrous,lacking the dominant arm required for athletics. 
B) this particular individual is a good example of the properties of Allen's rule. 
C) this individual predominantly used his or her left arm for either sporting activities or daily use. 
D) this individual predominantly used his or her right arm for either sporting activities or daily use. 
A) the individual was likely ambidextrous,lacking the dominant arm required for athletics. 
B) this particular individual is a good example of the properties of Allen's rule. 
C) this individual predominantly used his or her left arm for either sporting activities or daily use. 
D) this individual predominantly used his or her right arm for either sporting activities or daily use.

Question 6

A cline:

Accepted Answer

A) is continuous variation that follows a continuum. 
B) is variation that falls into discrete categories. 
C) describes the pattern of occurrence of trisomy 18. 
D) describes the pattern of variation of skin color in relation to latitude. 
E) both A and D 
A) is continuous variation that follows a continuum. 
B) is variation that falls into discrete categories. 
C) describes the pattern of occurrence of trisomy 18. 
D) describes the pattern of variation of skin color in relation to latitude. 
E) both A and D

Question 7

The fact that Turkana children are often initially shorter than American children is indicative of:

Accepted Answer

A) the growth acceleration and deceleration associated with this life stage. 
B) the fact that growth is often related to nutrition and other environmental factors. 
C) the relationship between genes and the environment. 
D) all of the above 
A) the growth acceleration and deceleration associated with this life stage. 
B) the fact that growth is often related to nutrition and other environmental factors. 
C) the relationship between genes and the environment. 
D) all of the above

Question 8

The average heights of European-American males in the United States fluctuated between 1710 and 1970 and:

Accepted Answer

A) were not affected by improvements in sanitation. 
B) were positively affected by increasing population density. 
C) were mostly influenced by shifts in immigrants' geographic origins. 
D) were positively affected by access to medical care. 
A) were not affected by improvements in sanitation. 
B) were positively affected by increasing population density. 
C) were mostly influenced by shifts in immigrants' geographic origins. 
D) were positively affected by access to medical care.

Question 9

Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women:

Accepted Answer

A) at high altitudes had fewer surviving children. 
B) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had more surviving children. 
C) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had fewer surviving children. 
D) have poor nutrition. 
A) at high altitudes had fewer surviving children. 
B) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had more surviving children. 
C) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had fewer surviving children. 
D) have poor nutrition.

Question 10

While conducting a study on hypoxia among individuals living in the Peruvian Andes you have been able to show that individuals in the population have likely suffered hypoxia and/or resided there for long periods of time.You know this because:

Accepted Answer

A) individuals in your sample have a smaller chest cavity than do individuals who live in the village at the base of the mountains. 
B) individuals who moved to the region as children have greater lung volumes than individuals who moved to the area as adults. 
C) individuals in the population had very low red blood cell counts. 
D) none of the above 
A) individuals in your sample have a smaller chest cavity than do individuals who live in the village at the base of the mountains. 
B) individuals who moved to the region as children have greater lung volumes than individuals who moved to the area as adults. 
C) individuals in the population had very low red blood cell counts. 
D) none of the above

Question 11

Results from anthropomorphic measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate long limbs.This suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) The population is one point on the continuum of variation observed in Allen's rule. 
B) The population represents the variability that results from Wolff's law of skeletal replacement. 
C) The population has body proportions that are not well adapted to warmer climates. 
D) According to Allen's rule,pastoralist populations are well adapted for life at high latitudes. 
A) The population is one point on the continuum of variation observed in Allen's rule. 
B) The population represents the variability that results from Wolff's law of skeletal replacement. 
C) The population has body proportions that are not well adapted to warmer climates. 
D) According to Allen's rule,pastoralist populations are well adapted for life at high latitudes.

Question 12

Reports show that in the last forty years the average weight of six- to eleven-year-old children has gone from 65 to 74 pounds.We know that:

Accepted Answer

A) a weight increase can lead to physiological conditions that put the children at greater risk of heart disease among other conditions. 
B) a weight increase of this amount is likely related to increased consumption of foods high in micronutrients. 
C) these children will have no adverse effect from being overweight or obese. 
D) none of the above 
A) a weight increase can lead to physiological conditions that put the children at greater risk of heart disease among other conditions. 
B) a weight increase of this amount is likely related to increased consumption of foods high in micronutrients. 
C) these children will have no adverse effect from being overweight or obese. 
D) none of the above

Question 13

Dark skin (a result of increased melanin production in equatorial peoples)is likely a response to ultraviolet radiation,because UV radiation can cause:

Accepted Answer

A) skin cancer. 
B) hypoxia. 
C) rickets. 
D) none of the above 
A) skin cancer. 
B) hypoxia. 
C) rickets. 
D) none of the above

Question 14

Bergmann's rule states that heat-adapted mammals will have long limbs,which maximize the body's surface area.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The provisioning of food to post-reproductive women in a population of Turkana pastoralists:

Accepted Answer

A) suggests that women at this age are not capable of producing food due to low genetic fitness. 
B) supports the theory that post-reproductive women play an important role in the community and as caretakers. 
C) suggests that women at this age can contribute to overall genetic fitness although they are past the reproductive stage. 
D) all of the above 
A) suggests that women at this age are not capable of producing food due to low genetic fitness. 
B) supports the theory that post-reproductive women play an important role in the community and as caretakers. 
C) suggests that women at this age can contribute to overall genetic fitness although they are past the reproductive stage. 
D) all of the above

Question 16

Low birth weight can result from a mother's:

Accepted Answer

A) malnutrition. 
B) excessive alcohol consumption. 
C) smoking. 
D) all of the above 
A) malnutrition. 
B) excessive alcohol consumption. 
C) smoking. 
D) all of the above

Question 17

DNA:

Accepted Answer

A) largely determines development from conception through death. 
B) schedules growth,but environment and events influence actual development. 
C) is the sole influence on growth and development. 
D) none of the above 
A) largely determines development from conception through death. 
B) schedules growth,but environment and events influence actual development. 
C) is the sole influence on growth and development. 
D) none of the above

Question 18

The postnatal stage in humans consists of:

Accepted Answer

A) the neonatal period. 
B) the neonatal period through the end of lactation. 
C) infancy,childhood,juvenile period,puberty,adolescence,and adulthood. 
D) the neonatal period,infancy,juvenile period,puberty,and adolescence. 
A) the neonatal period. 
B) the neonatal period through the end of lactation. 
C) infancy,childhood,juvenile period,puberty,adolescence,and adulthood. 
D) the neonatal period,infancy,juvenile period,puberty,and adolescence.

Question 19

How does human life history (prenatal stage,infancy,childhood,juvenile stage,adolescence,adulthood,old age)shed light on the interaction between genes and environment?

Accepted Answer

During the prenatal stage,environmental

Question 20

Human phenotypic and genotypic traits are correlated in their distribution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Discuss the significance of workload adaptation for skeletal function and maintenance of bone strength.

Is race a valid,biologically meaningful concept? Why or why not?

Functional adaptations to high altitude include all of the following EXCEPT:

Human brain growth is completed by age:

In an anatomy lab you are shown both of the upper arm bones of a single individual.You note in your lab book that the diameter of the left arm bone is significantly larger than that of the right arm bone.From this you infer that:

A cline:

The fact that Turkana children are often initially shorter than American children is indicative of:

The average heights of European-American males in the United States fluctuated between 1710 and 1970 and:

Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women:

While conducting a study on hypoxia among individuals living in the Peruvian Andes you have been able to show that individuals in the population have likely suffered hypoxia and/or resided there for long periods of time.You know this because:

Results from anthropomorphic measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate long limbs.This suggests which of the following?

Reports show that in the last forty years the average weight of six- to eleven-year-old children has gone from 65 to 74 pounds.We know that:

Dark skin (a result of increased melanin production in equatorial peoples)is likely a response to ultraviolet radiation,because UV radiation can cause:

Bergmann's rule states that heat-adapted mammals will have long limbs,which maximize the body's surface area.

The provisioning of food to post-reproductive women in a population of Turkana pastoralists:

Low birth weight can result from a mother's:

DNA:

The postnatal stage in humans consists of:

How does human life history (prenatal stage,infancy,childhood,juvenile stage,adolescence,adulthood,old age)shed light on the interaction between genes and environment?

Human phenotypic and genotypic traits are correlated in their distribution.

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: The Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: The First 50 Million Years

Early Hominid Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins,evolution,and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10, 000 Years: Agriculture, population, and the Bioarchaeology of a Fundamental Transition

Evolution: Today and Tomorrow

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Exam 5: Biology in the Present: Living People

Discuss the significance of workload adaptation for skeletal function and maintenance of bone strength.

Is race a valid,biologically meaningful concept? Why or why not?

Functional adaptations to high altitude include all of the following EXCEPT:

Human brain growth is completed by age:

In an anatomy lab you are shown both of the upper arm bones of a single individual.You note in your lab book that the diameter of the left arm bone is significantly larger than that of the right arm bone.From this you infer that:

A cline:

The fact that Turkana children are often initially shorter than American children is indicative of:

The average heights of European-American males in the United States fluctuated between 1710 and 1970 and:

Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women:

While conducting a study on hypoxia among individuals living in the Peruvian Andes you have been able to show that individuals in the population have likely suffered hypoxia and/or resided there for long periods of time.You know this because:

Results from anthropomorphic measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate long limbs.This suggests which of the following?

Reports show that in the last forty years the average weight of six- to eleven-year-old children has gone from 65 to 74 pounds.We know that:

Dark skin (a result of increased melanin production in equatorial peoples)is likely a response to ultraviolet radiation,because UV radiation can cause:

Bergmann's rule states that heat-adapted mammals will have long limbs,which maximize the body's surface area.

The provisioning of food to post-reproductive women in a population of Turkana pastoralists:

Low birth weight can result from a mother's:

DNA:

The postnatal stage in humans consists of:

How does human life history (prenatal stage,infancy,childhood,juvenile stage,adolescence,adulthood,old age)shed light on the interaction between genes and environment?

Human phenotypic and genotypic traits are correlated in their distribution.

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: The Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: The First 50 Million Years

Early Hominid Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins,evolution,and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10, 000 Years: Agriculture, population, and the Bioarchaeology of a Fundamental Transition

Evolution: Today and Tomorrow

Filters