Question 1

The first law of thermodynamics tells us that

Accepted Answer

A) Doing work always creates heat. 
B) Altering matter is the best source of energy. 
C) Energy cannot be recycled. 
D) Energy is neither created nor destroyed. 
E) Energy cannot be converted. 
A) Doing work always creates heat. 
B) Altering matter is the best source of energy. 
C) Energy cannot be recycled. 
D) Energy is neither created nor destroyed. 
E) Energy cannot be converted. D

Question 2

Deductive reasoning goes from the specific to the general,
e.g., from the "bottom up."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms held together by forces called _______________.

Accepted Answer

chemical bonds, bonds

Question 4

A nuclear change in which two isotopes of light elements are forced together, releasing huge amounts of energy, is called nuclear fission.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Differentiate between a hypothesis, a guess, and a theory.Explain why it is important for non-scientists to understand how scientists use these terms when discussing something like global warming or evolution.Why might it be incorrect when a non-scientist dismisses a topic like these as being "just a theory"?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is an effort to explain phe

Question 6

A negative feedback loop causes a system to further change in the same direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Watching a variety of objects fall to earth, we can use ____________________ reasoning to propose that all objects fall to the earth's surface when dropped.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Watching a variety of objects fall to...

Question 8

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Energy can be converted from one form to another. 
B) Energy and matter can generally be converted into each other. 
C) Energy input always equals energy output. 
D) The laws of thermodynamics can be applied to living systems. 
E) Energy conversion results in lower quality energy. 
A) Energy can be converted from one form to another. 
B) Energy and matter can generally be converted into each other. 
C) Energy input always equals energy output. 
D) The laws of thermodynamics can be applied to living systems. 
E) Energy conversion results in lower quality energy.

Question 9

Explain how the human body is intimately connected to the two laws of thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

The first law of thermodynamics says tha

Question 10

Which of the following statements does not apply to the second law of energy?

Accepted Answer

A) Energy goes from useful to less useful forms. 
B) Energy is neither created nor destroyed. 
C) Energy conversions results in lower-quality energy. 
D) Heat is given off from energy conversions. 
E) We can not recycle or reuse high-quality energy. 
A) Energy goes from useful to less useful forms. 
B) Energy is neither created nor destroyed. 
C) Energy conversions results in lower-quality energy. 
D) Heat is given off from energy conversions. 
E) We can not recycle or reuse high-quality energy.

Question 11

The community knew the effects of chemical X when it was used alone.They knew the same for chemical Z, so they set safe limits for use for both chemicals.When the chemicals were released at safe levels on the same day there was a massive fish kill.The most likely explanation is

Accepted Answer

A) homeostasis 
B) a synergistic interaction 
C) negative feedback 
D) positive feedback 
E) entropy 
A) homeostasis 
B) a synergistic interaction 
C) negative feedback 
D) positive feedback 
E) entropy

Question 12

In 1963 Bormann and Likens compared the output of two river valleys, one forested and the other clear cut. Which of the following reports their findings?

Accepted Answer

A) deforested valley had higher water flow, decrease of nutrient loss 
B) forested valley had higher water flow, decrease of nutrient loss 
C) forested valley had lower water flow, increase of nutrient loss 
D) deforested valley had lower water flow, increase of nutrient loss 
E) deforested valley had higher water flow, increase of nutrient loss 
A) deforested valley had higher water flow, decrease of nutrient loss 
B) forested valley had higher water flow, decrease of nutrient loss 
C) forested valley had lower water flow, increase of nutrient loss 
D) deforested valley had lower water flow, increase of nutrient loss 
E) deforested valley had higher water flow, increase of nutrient loss

Question 13

A _______________ is a set of components that function and interact in some regular way.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _______________ is a set of components...

Question 14

There are many types of electromagnetic radiation, each with a different ____________________ and energy content.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are many types of electromagnetic radiation,...

Question 15

Which of the following is the definition of a scientific hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) a simulation of a system being studied 
B) a possible explanation for an observation or experimentation 
C) information needed to answer questions 
D) procedures carried out under controlled conditions to gather information 
E) all of these 
A) a simulation of a system being studied 
B) a possible explanation for an observation or experimentation 
C) information needed to answer questions 
D) procedures carried out under controlled conditions to gather information 
E) all of these

Question 16

Which of the following sources of iron would be of the highest quality?

Accepted Answer

A) iron deposits on the ocean floor 
B) a field of spinach 
C) a large, scrap metal junkyard 
D) a one-half mile deep deposit of iron ore 
E) iron in water 
A) iron deposits on the ocean floor 
B) a field of spinach 
C) a large, scrap metal junkyard 
D) a one-half mile deep deposit of iron ore 
E) iron in water

Question 17

A(n) ____________________ occurs when an output of matter, energy, or information is fed back into the system as an input and leads to changes in the system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________________ occurs when an output of...

Question 18

Compounds are combinations of two or more different elements held together in ____________________ proportions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compounds are combinations of two or more...

Question 19

Atoms have a net positive electrical charge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to the ____________________, when a physical or chemical change occurs, no atoms are created or destroyed.

Accepted Answer

law of con

Exam 2: Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems

The first law of thermodynamics tells us that

Deductive reasoning goes from the specific to the general, e.g., from the "bottom up."

A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms held together by forces called _______________.

A nuclear change in which two isotopes of light elements are forced together, releasing huge amounts of energy, is called nuclear fission.

A negative feedback loop causes a system to further change in the same direction.

Watching a variety of objects fall to earth, we can use ____________________ reasoning to propose that all objects fall to the earth's surface when dropped.

Which of the following statements is false?

Explain how the human body is intimately connected to the two laws of thermodynamics.

Which of the following statements does not apply to the second law of energy?

The community knew the effects of chemical X when it was used alone.They knew the same for chemical Z, so they set safe limits for use for both chemicals.When the chemicals were released at safe levels on the same day there was a massive fish kill.The most likely explanation is

In 1963 Bormann and Likens compared the output of two river valleys, one forested and the other clear cut. Which of the following reports their findings?

A _______________ is a set of components that function and interact in some regular way.

There are many types of electromagnetic radiation, each with a different ____________________ and energy content.

Which of the following is the definition of a scientific hypothesis?

Which of the following sources of iron would be of the highest quality?

A(n) ____________________ occurs when an output of matter, energy, or information is fed back into the system as an input and leads to changes in the system.

Compounds are combinations of two or more different elements held together in ____________________ proportions.

Atoms have a net positive electrical charge.

According to the ____________________, when a physical or chemical change occurs, no atoms are created or destroyed.

Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Biodiversity, Species Interactions, and Population Control

The Human Population and Its Impact

Climate and Biodiversity

Aquatic Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity: the Species Approach

Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity: the Ecosystem Approach

Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity

Food, Soil, and Pest Management

Water Resources

Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

Nonrenewable Energy

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Air Pollution

Climate Disruption and Ozone Depletion

Water Pollution

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Cities and Sustainability

Economics, Environment, and Sustainability

Politics, Environment, and Sustainability

Environmental Worldviews, Ethics, and Sustainability

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