Question 1

Vocalizations enable primates to:

Accepted Answer

A) communicate as humans do. 
B) solve distressing situations among primate groups. 
C) name resources and monitor the social group. 
D) communicate, but only between members of the same hierarchy. 
A) communicate as humans do. 
B) solve distressing situations among primate groups. 
C) name resources and monitor the social group. 
D) communicate, but only between members of the same hierarchy.

Question 2

Compare and contrast male and female primates in terms of reproductive strategies and competition.

Accepted Answer

Males compete physically for access to f

Question 3

The higher the social rank of a female primate the:

Accepted Answer

A) lower her access to resources and the lower the survival rate of her offspring. 
B) lower her access to resources and the greater the survival rate of her offspring. 
C) greater her access to resources, which results in lower birth rates. 
D) greater her access to resources, which results in higher birth rates. 
A) lower her access to resources and the lower the survival rate of her offspring. 
B) lower her access to resources and the greater the survival rate of her offspring. 
C) greater her access to resources, which results in lower birth rates. 
D) greater her access to resources, which results in higher birth rates.

Question 4

Predator-specific vocalizations in Diana monkeys vary based on:

Accepted Answer

A) the type of predator and the predator's attack strategy. 
B) conditioning in the lab by primatologists. 
C) emotional impulses produced randomly and involuntarily. 
D) individual factors, as in humans. 
A) the type of predator and the predator's attack strategy. 
B) conditioning in the lab by primatologists. 
C) emotional impulses produced randomly and involuntarily. 
D) individual factors, as in humans.

Question 5

How do primates acquire food?

Accepted Answer

A) through cooperation among kin groups, mostly by hunting 
B) through a wide variety of food-foraging strategies 
C) through a limited set of highly specialized foraging strategies 
D) through the use of highly developed material culture 
A) through cooperation among kin groups, mostly by hunting 
B) through a wide variety of food-foraging strategies 
C) through a limited set of highly specialized foraging strategies 
D) through the use of highly developed material culture

Question 6

Natural selection generally favors behaviors that:

Accepted Answer

A) increase body size. 
B) increase brain size. 
C) limit population size. 
D) enhance survival and reproduction. 
A) increase body size. 
B) increase brain size. 
C) limit population size. 
D) enhance survival and reproduction.

Question 7

Why are primates social in the long term?

Accepted Answer

A) to reduce stress, promote longevity, and enhance reproductive success 
B) to increase relationships between kin for the improvement of the society 
C) to emphasize care of the young 
D) to develop support for females to increase fecundity 
A) to reduce stress, promote longevity, and enhance reproductive success 
B) to increase relationships between kin for the improvement of the society 
C) to emphasize care of the young 
D) to develop support for females to increase fecundity

Question 8

Sociality among primates is likely the result of which of the following selective pressures?

Accepted Answer

A) predation 
B) niche competition 
C) adaptive radiation 
D) habitat 
A) predation 
B) niche competition 
C) adaptive radiation 
D) habitat

Question 9

Primatologists:

Accepted Answer

A) explore the relationships between specific social behaviors and reproductive fitness. 
B) study only physical aspect of primates. 
C) study cultural anthropology. 
D) know nothing of primate bones. 
A) explore the relationships between specific social behaviors and reproductive fitness. 
B) study only physical aspect of primates. 
C) study cultural anthropology. 
D) know nothing of primate bones.

Question 10

Chimpanzee communication involves different combinations of sounds, such as:

Accepted Answer

A) screams, gnashing, and hissing. 
B) grunts, pants, and hoots. 
C) howling, hoots, and high-pitched screams. 
D) pants, coos, and gurgles. 
A) screams, gnashing, and hissing. 
B) grunts, pants, and hoots. 
C) howling, hoots, and high-pitched screams. 
D) pants, coos, and gurgles.

Question 11

Why are primates social?

Accepted Answer

Generally primates that cooperate in soc

Question 12

Kin selection refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) nonaltruistic behavior toward other members of the kin group. 
B) altruistic behavior that increases the donor's inclusive fitness. 
C) altruistic behavior that promotes kin-like bonding among nonkin. 
D) behavior that increases only the donor's fitness. 
A) nonaltruistic behavior toward other members of the kin group. 
B) altruistic behavior that increases the donor's inclusive fitness. 
C) altruistic behavior that promotes kin-like bonding among nonkin. 
D) behavior that increases only the donor's fitness.

Question 13

Primate societies are complexly organized.This means:

Accepted Answer

A) several species of primates coexist socially. 
B) within any primate group, individuals representing different kinships, ranks, ages, and sexes often form alliances. 
C) some primate societies are male only. 
D) some primate societies are female only. 
A) several species of primates coexist socially. 
B) within any primate group, individuals representing different kinships, ranks, ages, and sexes often form alliances. 
C) some primate societies are male only. 
D) some primate societies are female only.

Question 14

Many primate societies are complexly organized, enabling their members to form alliances, including by:

Accepted Answer

A) rank. 
B) age. 
C) kinship. 
D) all of the above 
A) rank. 
B) age. 
C) kinship. 
D) all of the above

Question 15

Polygynous:

Accepted Answer

A) means "many marriages." 
B) means "many offspring." 
C) refers to a social group that includes one female and several males. 
D) refers to a social group that includes one adult male, several adult females, and their offspring. 
A) means "many marriages." 
B) means "many offspring." 
C) refers to a social group that includes one female and several males. 
D) refers to a social group that includes one adult male, several adult females, and their offspring.

Question 16

Describe some examples of learned behavior and cultural traditions among primates.

Accepted Answer

Chimpanzee tool use, some forms of socia

Question 17

What is special about primate societies and social behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) They are not diverse. 
B) They welcome newcomers as humans do. 
C) They are highly diverse. 
D) They share and cooperate as humans do not. 
A) They are not diverse. 
B) They welcome newcomers as humans do. 
C) They are highly diverse. 
D) They share and cooperate as humans do not.

Question 18

Distribution, in reference to food, means the:

Accepted Answer

A) location of food across the landscape. 
B) distribution of primates in a primate group as they forage for food. 
C) distribution of food among primates in a group. 
D) adjustment in size of a feeding group. 
A) location of food across the landscape. 
B) distribution of primates in a primate group as they forage for food. 
C) distribution of food among primates in a group. 
D) adjustment in size of a feeding group.

Question 19

Availability of food:

Accepted Answer

A) is dependent upon kin selection. 
B) can be highly variable, depending on season and rainfall. 
C) is determined primarily by the alpha male. 
D) is restricted to individuals high up in the dominance hierarchy. 
A) is dependent upon kin selection. 
B) can be highly variable, depending on season and rainfall. 
C) is determined primarily by the alpha male. 
D) is restricted to individuals high up in the dominance hierarchy.

Question 20

What have scientists learned about the function of primate vocalizations and how they relate to the evolution of human language?

Accepted Answer

The use of playback experiments has incr

Vocalizations enable primates to:

Compare and contrast male and female primates in terms of reproductive strategies and competition.

The higher the social rank of a female primate the:

Predator-specific vocalizations in Diana monkeys vary based on:

How do primates acquire food?

Natural selection generally favors behaviors that:

Why are primates social in the long term?

Sociality among primates is likely the result of which of the following selective pressures?

Primatologists:

Chimpanzee communication involves different combinations of sounds, such as:

Why are primates social?

Kin selection refers to:

Primate societies are complexly organized.This means:

Many primate societies are complexly organized, enabling their members to form alliances, including by:

Polygynous:

Describe some examples of learned behavior and cultural traditions among primates.

What is special about primate societies and social behavior?

Distribution, in reference to food, means the:

Availability of food:

What have scientists learned about the function of primate vocalizations and how they relate to the evolution of human language?

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

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Exam 7: Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Vocalizations enable primates to:

Compare and contrast male and female primates in terms of reproductive strategies and competition.

The higher the social rank of a female primate the:

Predator-specific vocalizations in Diana monkeys vary based on:

How do primates acquire food?

Natural selection generally favors behaviors that:

Why are primates social in the long term?

Sociality among primates is likely the result of which of the following selective pressures?

Primatologists:

Chimpanzee communication involves different combinations of sounds, such as:

Why are primates social?

Kin selection refers to:

Primate societies are complexly organized.This means:

Many primate societies are complexly organized, enabling their members to form alliances, including by:

Polygynous:

Describe some examples of learned behavior and cultural traditions among primates.

What is special about primate societies and social behavior?

Distribution, in reference to food, means the:

Availability of food:

What have scientists learned about the function of primate vocalizations and how they relate to the evolution of human language?

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

Filters