Question 1

Homeostasis may be studied directly by:

Accepted Answer

A) observing living populations as they engage in various activities in various settings. 
B) experimentally manipulating or replicating environmental conditions and observing human responses. 
C) identifying the genome of a given population of humans. 
D) observing differences in such measures as body temperature across human groups. 
A) observing living populations as they engage in various activities in various settings. 
B) experimentally manipulating or replicating environmental conditions and observing human responses. 
C) identifying the genome of a given population of humans. 
D) observing differences in such measures as body temperature across human groups.

Question 2

In the days races were thought to be valid, static categories, Friedrich Blumenbach categorized humans into the following races:

Accepted Answer

A) Negroids, Caucasoids, and Mongoloids. 
B) Mongoloids, Negroids, Inuit, and Caucasoids. 
C) Mongoloids, Malays, Ethiopians, American Indians, and Caucasoids. 
D) Mongoloids, Negroids, Malays, Europeans, and Caucasoids. 
A) Negroids, Caucasoids, and Mongoloids. 
B) Mongoloids, Negroids, Inuit, and Caucasoids. 
C) Mongoloids, Malays, Ethiopians, American Indians, and Caucasoids. 
D) Mongoloids, Negroids, Malays, Europeans, and Caucasoids.

Question 3

Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations:

Accepted Answer

A) have lower BMRs. 
B) consume more carbohydrates. 
C) reduce peripheral body temperatures to maintain core temperatures. 
D) have short limbs and large bodies. 
A) have lower BMRs. 
B) consume more carbohydrates. 
C) reduce peripheral body temperatures to maintain core temperatures. 
D) have short limbs and large bodies.

Question 4

Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women:

Accepted Answer

A) at high altitudes had fewer surviving children. 
B) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had more surviving children. 
C) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had fewer surviving children. 
D) have poor nutrition. 
A) at high altitudes had fewer surviving children. 
B) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had more surviving children. 
C) with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had fewer surviving children. 
D) have poor nutrition.

Question 5

C.Loring Brace argued that the race concept:

Accepted Answer

A) was first used by Marco Polo as he recorded huge amounts of information during his travels in Asia. 
B) has been present throughout human history. 
C) can be traced to the Renaissance, when seafaring travelers observed differences between people from distant lands. 
D) originated in ancient Egypt. 
A) was first used by Marco Polo as he recorded huge amounts of information during his travels in Asia. 
B) has been present throughout human history. 
C) can be traced to the Renaissance, when seafaring travelers observed differences between people from distant lands. 
D) originated in ancient Egypt.

Question 6

Is race a valid, biologically meaningful concept? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The classification of human variation in

Question 7

Genetic adaptation:

Accepted Answer

A) occurs at the population level via natural selection. 
B) occurs at the individual level during childhood. 
C) occurs at the individual level throughout an individual's lifetime. 
D) involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings. 
A) occurs at the population level via natural selection. 
B) occurs at the individual level during childhood. 
C) occurs at the individual level throughout an individual's lifetime. 
D) involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings.

Question 8

Franz Boas:

Accepted Answer

A) was a strong supporter of the race concept. 
B) created racial categories based on living populations in the United States. 
C) showed that U.S.-born children had the same head shapes as their immigrant parents. 
D) showed that U.S.-born children had different head shapes than their immigrant parents. 
A) was a strong supporter of the race concept. 
B) created racial categories based on living populations in the United States. 
C) showed that U.S.-born children had the same head shapes as their immigrant parents. 
D) showed that U.S.-born children had different head shapes than their immigrant parents.

Question 9

A cline:

Accepted Answer

A) is continuous variation that follows a continuum. 
B) is variation that falls into discrete categories. 
C) describes the pattern of occurrence of trisomy 18. 
D) was used to describe human variation as early as the Renaissance. 
A) is continuous variation that follows a continuum. 
B) is variation that falls into discrete categories. 
C) describes the pattern of occurrence of trisomy 18. 
D) was used to describe human variation as early as the Renaissance.

Question 10

Although Allen's and Bergmann's rules often explain body shape and morphology, we occasionally see variations from the correct patterns.This sometimes indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A) the long-term association between body shape and climate is an example of acclimatization. 
B) body shape and morphology do not reflect both evolutionary and developmental processes. 
C) the association between body shape and morphology does respond to environmental stressors. 
D) the association between body shape, morphology, and the environment is not a result of natural selection. 
A) the long-term association between body shape and climate is an example of acclimatization. 
B) body shape and morphology do not reflect both evolutionary and developmental processes. 
C) the association between body shape and morphology does respond to environmental stressors. 
D) the association between body shape, morphology, and the environment is not a result of natural selection.

Question 11

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach:

Accepted Answer

A) discovered the existence of three races. 
B) categorized skulls into five racial types. 
C) used blood types and skin colors to create a racial taxonomy for humans. 
D) showed that skull shape changed over time. 
A) discovered the existence of three races. 
B) categorized skulls into five racial types. 
C) used blood types and skin colors to create a racial taxonomy for humans. 
D) showed that skull shape changed over time.

Question 12

Multiple biological traits:

Accepted Answer

A) do not lead to clear-cut racial classifications. 
B) are race specific. 
C) help with biological profiling. 
D) do not exist in humans. 
A) do not lead to clear-cut racial classifications. 
B) are race specific. 
C) help with biological profiling. 
D) do not exist in humans.

Question 13

Infancy:

Accepted Answer

A) runs from the second month after birth to the end of lactation, usually by the end of the third year. 
B) runs from three to seven years, generally postweaning. 
C) is also called the "neonatal" period. 
D) includes three months before birth and three months after birth. 
A) runs from the second month after birth to the end of lactation, usually by the end of the third year. 
B) runs from three to seven years, generally postweaning. 
C) is also called the "neonatal" period. 
D) includes three months before birth and three months after birth.

Question 14

Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) environmental adaptations that occur at the individual level. 
B) acclimatization at the individual level. 
C) developmental adaptations that occur at the level of the individual during critical life stages. 
D) inheritance of increases in lung volume by high-altitude populations. 
A) environmental adaptations that occur at the individual level. 
B) acclimatization at the individual level. 
C) developmental adaptations that occur at the level of the individual during critical life stages. 
D) inheritance of increases in lung volume by high-altitude populations.

Question 15

Rickets is the result of:

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of vitamin D. 
B) a lack of melanin. 
C) high UV exposure. 
D) severe air pollution. 
A) a lack of vitamin D. 
B) a lack of melanin. 
C) high UV exposure. 
D) severe air pollution.

Question 16

Which of the following biological processes involves a reduction in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A) senescence 
B) Wolff's law 
C) prenatal development 
D) adult stage of development 
A) senescence 
B) Wolff's law 
C) prenatal development 
D) adult stage of development

Question 17

The American economist David Seckler incorrectly hypothesized that:

Accepted Answer

A) growth accelerates and decelerates according to various life stages. 
B) undernourished populations experience accelerated growth and development. 
C) there is a relationship between genes and the environment. 
D) shortness in height is an adaptation to reduced food supplies. 
A) growth accelerates and decelerates according to various life stages. 
B) undernourished populations experience accelerated growth and development. 
C) there is a relationship between genes and the environment. 
D) shortness in height is an adaptation to reduced food supplies.

Question 18

Sexual maturation or puberty is marked by:

Accepted Answer

A) menarche in girls. 
B) similar body size in boys and girls. 
C) a short-term rapid increase in brain growth. 
D) adult social roles. 
A) menarche in girls. 
B) similar body size in boys and girls. 
C) a short-term rapid increase in brain growth. 
D) adult social roles.

Question 19

Discuss Allen's and Bergmann's rules and how they affect human variation.Include the forces of evolution discussed in previous chapters to support your essay.

Accepted Answer

Allen's and Bergmann's rules express the

Question 20

The long limb measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate that the population:

Accepted Answer

A) is on the continuum of variation observed in Allen's rule. 
B) represents the variability that results from Wolff's law of skeletal replacement. 
C) has body proportions that are not well adapted to warmer climates. 
D) is well adapted for life at high latitudes, as Allen's rule predicts for pastoralist populations. 
A) is on the continuum of variation observed in Allen's rule. 
B) represents the variability that results from Wolff's law of skeletal replacement. 
C) has body proportions that are not well adapted to warmer climates. 
D) is well adapted for life at high latitudes, as Allen's rule predicts for pastoralist populations.

Homeostasis may be studied directly by:

In the days races were thought to be valid, static categories, Friedrich Blumenbach categorized humans into the following races:

Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations:

Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women:

C.Loring Brace argued that the race concept:

Is race a valid, biologically meaningful concept? Why or why not?

Genetic adaptation:

Franz Boas:

A cline:

Although Allen's and Bergmann's rules often explain body shape and morphology, we occasionally see variations from the correct patterns.This sometimes indicates that:

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach:

Multiple biological traits:

Infancy:

Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes.This is an example of:

Rickets is the result of:

Which of the following biological processes involves a reduction in homeostasis?

The American economist David Seckler incorrectly hypothesized that:

Sexual maturation or puberty is marked by:

Discuss Allen's and Bergmann's rules and how they affect human variation.Include the forces of evolution discussed in previous chapters to support your essay.

The long limb measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate that the population:

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

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Exam 5: Biology in the Present: Living People

Homeostasis may be studied directly by:

In the days races were thought to be valid, static categories, Friedrich Blumenbach categorized humans into the following races:

Relative to people with a history of living in temperate climates, the Inuit and other cold-adapted populations:

Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women:

C.Loring Brace argued that the race concept:

Is race a valid, biologically meaningful concept? Why or why not?

Genetic adaptation:

Franz Boas:

A cline:

Although Allen's and Bergmann's rules often explain body shape and morphology, we occasionally see variations from the correct patterns.This sometimes indicates that:

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach:

Multiple biological traits:

Infancy:

Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes.This is an example of:

Rickets is the result of:

Which of the following biological processes involves a reduction in homeostasis?

The American economist David Seckler incorrectly hypothesized that:

Sexual maturation or puberty is marked by:

Discuss Allen's and Bergmann's rules and how they affect human variation.Include the forces of evolution discussed in previous chapters to support your essay.

The long limb measurements of Turkana pastoralists indicate that the population:

What Is Physical Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

Our Last 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, and Biology

Filters