Question 1

Which of the following processes CANNOT occur in the formation of metamorphic rock?

Accepted Answer

A) the realignment of minerals so that they develop a preferred orientation 
B) the segregation of minerals into layers of different compositions 
C) the solid-state rearrangement of atoms or ions to create a new assemblage of minerals 
D) complete melting of the rock, followed by solidification to form a new rock 
A) the realignment of minerals so that they develop a preferred orientation 
B) the segregation of minerals into layers of different compositions 
C) the solid-state rearrangement of atoms or ions to create a new assemblage of minerals 
D) complete melting of the rock, followed by solidification to form a new rock

Question 2

Which of the following is a common foliated metamorphic rock?

Accepted Answer

A) marble 
B) gneiss 
C) hornfels 
D) diorite 
A) marble 
B) gneiss 
C) hornfels 
D) diorite

Question 3

Mylonites, formed from dynamic metamorphism, typically do NOT display

Accepted Answer

A) foliation roughly parallel to a fault. 
B) very fine grains. 
C) shear zones. 
D) bands of randomly oriented mica grains. 
A) foliation roughly parallel to a fault. 
B) very fine grains. 
C) shear zones. 
D) bands of randomly oriented mica grains.

Question 4

The rapid, deep burial of sediments in an accretionary prism leads to the formation of a metamorphic rock called

Accepted Answer

A) blueschist. 
B) greenschist. 
C) migmatite. 
D) gneiss. 
A) blueschist. 
B) greenschist. 
C) migmatite. 
D) gneiss.

Question 5

Two common metamorphic rocks that typically lack foliation are _________ and _________.

Accepted Answer

A) slate; phyllite 
B) gneiss; migmatite 
C) quartzite; marble 
D) schist; metaconglomerate 
A) slate; phyllite 
B) gneiss; migmatite 
C) quartzite; marble 
D) schist; metaconglomerate

Question 6

In the formation of gneiss (from a granite protolith), distinctive compositional bands form because of

Accepted Answer

A) crystals migrating within the rock. 
B) crystals dissolving, with atoms and ions migrating and reorganizing as new crystals. 
C) crystals melting, with new crystals solidifying in color bands. 
D) chemical reactions with groundwater. 
A) crystals migrating within the rock. 
B) crystals dissolving, with atoms and ions migrating and reorganizing as new crystals. 
C) crystals melting, with new crystals solidifying in color bands. 
D) chemical reactions with groundwater.

Question 7

Dynamothermal (regional) metamorphism occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) rock becomes deeply buried during continental collision and mountain building. 
B) regression of the sea leads to erosion of sedimentary cover on a body of rock. 
C) the upper surface of a body of rock develops a thick soil profile. 
D) a pluton causes metamorphism in a small surrounding region. 
A) rock becomes deeply buried during continental collision and mountain building. 
B) regression of the sea leads to erosion of sedimentary cover on a body of rock. 
C) the upper surface of a body of rock develops a thick soil profile. 
D) a pluton causes metamorphism in a small surrounding region.

Question 8

What is a primary difference between phyllite and schist?

Accepted Answer

A) Schist contains mica, whereas phyllite contains only clay. 
B) Phyllite contains mica, whereas schist contains only clay. 
C) Mica crystals within schist are larger than those within phyllite. 
D) Mica crystals within phyllite are larger than those within schist. 
A) Schist contains mica, whereas phyllite contains only clay. 
B) Phyllite contains mica, whereas schist contains only clay. 
C) Mica crystals within schist are larger than those within phyllite. 
D) Mica crystals within phyllite are larger than those within schist.

Question 9

Describe the resulting metamorphism that occurs next to an igneous intrusion.

Accepted Answer

The metamorphism created by the intrusio

Question 10

Geologists classify metamorphic rocks primarily according to

Accepted Answer

A) whether they are foliated or nonfoliated. 
B) whether they contain pseudomorphs. 
C) the percentage of silica. 
D) the size of their crystals 
A) whether they are foliated or nonfoliated. 
B) whether they contain pseudomorphs. 
C) the percentage of silica. 
D) the size of their crystals

Question 11

Thermal (contact) metamorphism occurs

Accepted Answer

A) in areas surrounding igneous intrusions. 
B) only where gneiss is in contact with schist. 
C) as a consequence of the sinking of a large geologic terrane to great depth. 
D) only at the surface, where rock is in contact with the atmosphere. 
A) in areas surrounding igneous intrusions. 
B) only where gneiss is in contact with schist. 
C) as a consequence of the sinking of a large geologic terrane to great depth. 
D) only at the surface, where rock is in contact with the atmosphere.

Question 12

Which of the following processes is NOT involved directly with the creation of foliation?

Accepted Answer

A) recrystallization 
B) preferential stress 
C) compression 
D) shear stress 
A) recrystallization 
B) preferential stress 
C) compression 
D) shear stress

Question 13

Preexisting rock that is subsequently altered to form a metamorphic rock is termed a

Accepted Answer

A) xenolith. 
B) source rock. 
C) protolith. 
D) phenocryst. 
A) xenolith. 
B) source rock. 
C) protolith. 
D) phenocryst.

Question 14

The application of ____________ during metamorphism causes elongated crystals to align parallel with each other. When this happens, the rock develops __________________.

Accepted Answer

A) pressure; a homogeneous texture 
B) differential stress; foliation 
C) high temperatures; foliation 
D) uniform stress; foliation 
A) pressure; a homogeneous texture 
B) differential stress; foliation 
C) high temperatures; foliation 
D) uniform stress; foliation

Question 15

Oriented stress during metamorphism will cause crystals to rotate into a preferred orientation unless the crystals are

Accepted Answer

A) primarily mica. 
B) platy. 
C) equant. 
D) elongate. 
A) primarily mica. 
B) platy. 
C) equant. 
D) elongate.

Question 16

Hornfels forms as a result of ____________ metamorphism.

Accepted Answer

A) dynamothermal 
B) hydrothermal 
C) dynamic 
D) thermal 
A) dynamothermal 
B) hydrothermal 
C) dynamic 
D) thermal

Question 17

Why are there so few Precambrian-age rocks found on Earth?

Accepted Answer

The Earth's surface was molten during th

Question 18

Metamorphic grade describes the intensity or degree of metamorphism. The metamorphic grade of a rock is determined mainly by the temperature and amount of recrystallization or neocrystallization to which a rock is subjected. List the following rocks in order from low-grade to high-grade metamorphic rocks, then describe the changes seen in the suite of rocks as the grade is increased: gneiss, slate, schist, phyllite, and migmatite.

Accepted Answer

Order from low grade to high grade: slat

Question 19

What metamorphic facies would most commonly be associated with a subduction zone and why?

Accepted Answer

In subduction zones, blueschist facies r

Question 20

The image below shows

Accepted Answer

A) foliation. 
B) migmatite. 
C) pressure solution. 
D) metasomatism. 
A) foliation. 
B) migmatite. 
C) pressure solution. 
D) metasomatism.

Exam 6: A Process of Change: Metamorphism and the Rock Cycle

Which of the following processes CANNOT occur in the formation of metamorphic rock?

Which of the following is a common foliated metamorphic rock?

Mylonites, formed from dynamic metamorphism, typically do NOT display

The rapid, deep burial of sediments in an accretionary prism leads to the formation of a metamorphic rock called

Two common metamorphic rocks that typically lack foliation are _________ and _________.

In the formation of gneiss (from a granite protolith), distinctive compositional bands form because of

Dynamothermal (regional) metamorphism occurs when

What is a primary difference between phyllite and schist?

Describe the resulting metamorphism that occurs next to an igneous intrusion.

Geologists classify metamorphic rocks primarily according to

Thermal (contact) metamorphism occurs

Which of the following processes is NOT involved directly with the creation of foliation?

Preexisting rock that is subsequently altered to form a metamorphic rock is termed a

The application of ____________ during metamorphism causes elongated crystals to align parallel with each other. When this happens, the rock develops __________________.

Oriented stress during metamorphism will cause crystals to rotate into a preferred orientation unless the crystals are

Hornfels forms as a result of ____________ metamorphism.

Why are there so few Precambrian-age rocks found on Earth?

What metamorphic facies would most commonly be associated with a subduction zone and why?

The image below shows

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Shaping the Earths Surface: Landscapes, the Hydrologic Cycle, and Mass Wasting

Freshwater: Streams, Lakes, and Groundwater

Extreme Realms: Desert and Glacial Landscapes

Ocean Waters: the Blue of the Blue Marble

Marine Geology: the Study of Ocean Basins and Coasts

The Air We Breathe: Introducing Earths Atmosphere

Winds of the World: the Earths Major Weather Systems

Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Local Weather Systems

Climate and Climate Change

Our Solar System and Beyond

Our Neighborhood in Space

The Sun, Stars, and Deep Space

Prelude: Welcome to Earth Science

Filters

Two common metamorphic rocks that typically lack foliation are _ and _.

The application of during metamorphism causes elongated crystals to align parallel with each other. When this happens, the rock develops ______.