Exam 2: Normative Theories of Ethics

Jeremy Bentham thought that a community is no more than the individuals who compose it and that the interests of the community are simply the sum of the interests of its members.

A practical basis for discussing moral issues involves taking account of

Immanuel Kant believed that it is only when we act out of feeling or sentiment that our actions have moral worth.

State two alternative formulations of Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative.What are these two formulations?

Egoists only do what they feel like doing.

Which of the following considerations about utilitarianism is correct?

Richard Brandt defends a form of act utilitarianism.

By "maxim," Immanuel Kant meant the subjective principle of an action,the principle that people in effect formulate in determining their conduct.

Explain one of the three criticisms of utilitarianism..

Which of the following statements is true regarding human rights?

If you adopt egoism as your moral code,then

Utilitarians believe that

According to the text,psychological egoism

For those who are trying to make moral decisions

A prima facie obligation is an obligation that can be overridden by a more important obligation.

Adam Smith made the point that individual pursuit of self-interest (egoistic conduct),even when subject to rules and constraints,always undermines the utilitarian goal of producing the most good for all.

Ethical egoism says that human beings are,as a matter of fact,so constructed that they must behave selfishly.

"If you want to go to law school,then you must take the LSAT exam." This statement is an example of

Immanuel Kant believed that prostitution was immoral because,by selling their sexual services,prostitutes allow themselves to be treated as only a means to an end.

What is a prima facie obligation?